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205 results for “wing pattern”
FIGURE 3 in Phylogeography, genetic structure and wing pattern variation of Erebia pronoe (Esper, 1780) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Europe
FIGURE 3. Statistical parsimony network of Erebia pronoe based on the COI mitochondrial dataset and statistical parsimony as implemented in TCS v1.21. Each haplotype is labelled by a number. Unsampled and extinct haplotypes are indicated by small circles. Division of the E. pronoe populations into seven haplogroups was detected, described in the Results section. These groups are illustrated with different symbols. Collection sites are indicated in the legend.
FIGURE 1 in Phylogeography, genetic structure and wing pattern variation of Erebia pronoe (Esper, 1780) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Europe
FIGURE 1. Map of collection sites of Erebia pronoe in European mountain ranges and possible re-colonization paths of E. pronoe after the retreat of glacial stages during the Pleistocene. Grey shading and symbols represent different collection sites (by states); dashed arrows illustrate hypothesized paths of re-colonization from the refugia in the Pyrenees and Alps/Central Europe; triangles illustrate specimens collected from the European mountain ranges; circles illustrate specimens mined from the GenBank and BOLD databases. The number of analysed specimens is given in Table 1.
Parallel evolution of ancient, pleiotropic enhancers underlies butterfly wing pattern mimicry
Color pattern mimicry in Heliconius butterflies is a classic case study of complex trait adaptation via selection on a few large effect genes. Association studies have linked color pattern variation to a handful of noncoding regions, yet the presumptive cis-regulatory elements (CREs) that control color patterning remain unknown. Here we combine chromatin assays, DNA sequence associations, and genome editing to functionally characterize 5 cis-regulatory elements of the color pattern gene optix. We were surprised to find that the cis-regulatory architecture of optix is characterized by pleiotropy and regulatory fragility, where deletion of individual cis-regulatory elements has broad effects on both color pattern and wing vein development. Remarkably, we found orthologous cis-regulatory elements associate with wing pattern convergence of distantly related comimics, suggesting that parallel coevolution of ancestral elements facilitated pattern mimicry. Our results support a model of color pattern evolution in Heliconius where changes to ancient, multifunctional cis-regulatory elements underlie adaptive radiation.
FIGURE 1 in Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles
FIGURE 1. Heterophlebia buckmani (Brodie, 1849), form 'A', specimen HT 88/58, forewing. A, Photograph. B, Reconstruction. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles
FIGURE 5. Evolution patterns of pterosaurs vs. wing coloration in Odonata. A, Heterophlebia spp. wing coloration patterns. B, Percentage of aeschnidiid species with colored wing throughout time (?, uncertainties for Triassic period). C, Simplified phylogeny of Pterosauria, showing diversity of insectivorous families during Early Jurassic, period of first known Odonata with colored wings (cladogram after Zhou et al., 2017) (silhouettes from http://phylopic.org/).
FIGURE 4 in Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles
FIGURE 4. Heterophlebia spp. Different patterns of forewing coloration. A, Form 'A'. B and C, Form 'B'. D, Form 'D' (specimen SMNS 62736). E, Form 'E'. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles
FIGURE 2. Heterophlebia buckmani (Brodie, 1849), form 'B', specimen HT 88/57, forewing: A, Photograph. B, Reconstruction. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles
FIGURE 3. Heterophlebia buckmani (Brodie, 1849), form 'B', specimen MNHN.F- A71358, forewing. A, Photograph of imprint. B, Nodus. C, Pterostigma. D, Wing base. E, Counterimprint. F, Reconstruction. Scale bars = 2 mm (A, E, F), 1 mm (B–D).
FIGURES 70–72 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 70–72. Notoreas perornata, genitalia of selected populations (population code in brackets): 70. male genital capsule; 71. phallus; 72. female genitalia. 70, 71. Wairau Bar MB (2c), NZAC slide Notoreas 65; 72. Karioitahi Beach AK (1a), NZAC slide Notoreas 60.
FIGURES 73–76 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 73–76. Notoreas perornata, female genitalia of selected populations (population code in brackets). 73. Pureora Lodge TO (1b), NZAC slide Notoreas 5; 74. Castlepoint WA (1e), NZAC slide Notoreas 71; 75. Te Humenga Pt WA (2a), NZAC slide Notoreas 9; 76. Cape Farewell NN (2b), NZAC slide Notoreas 51.
FIGURES 54–57 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 54–57. Notoreas perornata adults (2e). 54. Male upperside, Waiho Flats WD; 55. Female upperside, Waiho Flats WD; 56. Male underside, Waiho Flats WD; 57. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 55).
FIGURES 66–69 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 66–69. Notoreas perornata, male genitalia of selected populations (population code in brackets): 66, 68. genital capsule; 67, 69. phallus. 66, 67. Te Humenga Pt WA (2a), NZAC slide Notoreas 7; 68, 69. Dry Rd, Sth Sandhill Creek NN (2b), NZAC slide Notoreas 12.
FIGURES 62–65 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 62–65. Notoreas perornata, male genitalia of selected populations (population code from text in brackets): 62, 64. genital capsule; 63, 65. phallus. Note: apparent slight differences between genitalia of moths from different populations (e.g. shape and spinosity of costal process of valva) do not seem to provide reliable taxonomic characters when larger samples are studied due to variation within populations; these images are included to give an impression of the variation and small differences should not be interpreted as constant or diagnostic. 62, 63. Waimamaku Beach ND (1a), NZAC slide Notoreas 11; 64, 65. Mt Ruapehu TO (1b), NZAC slide Notoreas 2.
FIGURES 48–53 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 48–53. Notoreas perornata adults (2d). 48. Female upperside, Mt Starveall NN; 49. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 44); 50. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 45); 51. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 46); 52. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 47); 53. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 48).
FIGURES 42–47 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 42–47. Notoreas perornata adults: 42, 43. (2c); 44–47. (2d). 42. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 39); 43. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 40); 44. Male upperside, Mt Arthur NN; 45. Male upperside, Dun Mt NN (holotype of N. regilla Philpott); 46. Female upperside, Jacks Pass MB; 47. Female upperside, Craigieburn MC.
FIGURES 19–24 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 19–24. Notoreas perornata adults: 19–21. (1d); 22–23. (1e). 19. Male upperside, Cape Turnagain HB; 20. Female upperside, Cape Turnagain HB; 21. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 19); 22. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 20); 23. Male upperside, Castlepoint WA; 24. Female upperside, Castlepoint WA.
FIGURES 31–35 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 31–35. Notoreas perornata adults (2a). 31. Female upperside, L. Kohangapiripiri WN; 32. Female upperside, White Rock Rd WA; 33. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 29); 34. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 30); 35. Female underside, Owhiro Bay WN (BPNZ).
FIGURES 8–13 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 8–13. Notoreas perornata adults (1b). 8. Male upperside, Waipakihi River TO; 9. Female upperside, Blowhard Bush HB; 10. Female upperside, Mt Ruapehu TO; 11. Female upperside, Mt Ruapehu TO; 12. Male underside, Waipakihi River TO; 13. Female underside (same specimen as Fig. 11).
FIGURES 36–41 in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 36–41. Notoreas perornata adults: 36, 37. (2b); 38–41. (2c). (1e). 36. Male upperside, Dry Rd–Anatori R. NN; 37. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 36); 38. Male upperside, Wairau Bar MB; 39. Female upperside, Rarangi, Cloudy Bay SD; 40. Female upperside, Rarangi, Cloudy Bay SD; 41. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 38).
FIGURES 2–7. N in Wing pattern variation and DNA barcodes defy taxonomic splitting in the New Zealand Pimelea Looper Notoreas perornata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae): the importance of populations as conservation units
FIGURES 2–7. N. perornata adults (1a). 2. Male upperside, Karioitahi Beach AK (1a); 3. Male upperside, [ND?] (BPNZ); 4. Female upperside, [ND?] (BPNZ); 5. Female upperside, Karioitahi Beach AK; 6. Male underside (same specimen as Fig. 2); 7. Female underside (same specimens as Fig. 5).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.