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FIGURE 2 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 2. Preserved type series of Cyrtodactylus meesookae sp. nov. From above: female holotype CUMZ-R-2600, female paratype CUMZ-R-2601 and male paratype CUMZ-R-2602. Photo. by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 1 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 1. Live adult female holotype of Cyrtodactylus meesookae sp. nov. photographed ex situ. A. General dorsal view. B. Right profile. C. Frontal view of the head. Photos by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 8 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 8. Preserved type series of Cyrtodactylus wiboonatthapoli sp. nov. From above: adult male holotype CUMZ-R-2603 and adult female paratype CUMZ-R-2604. Photo. by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 5 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 5. Map showing the position of the type localities of Cyrtodactylus meesookae sp. nov. and C. wiboonatthapoli sp. nov. Map by W. Sodob.
FIGURE 13 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 13. Two preserved adult Cyrtodactylus angularis from Pak Thong Chai, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand (CUMZ-R-2605–2606, formerly MS 04, with an original, complete tail, and MS 661, with a near totally regenerated tail). Photo. by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 4 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 4. Cloacal area of the preserved male paratype of Cyrtodactylus meesookae sp. nov. The six red arrows indicate the precloacal pores. Photos by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 7 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 7. Live male holotype of Cyrtodactylus wiboonatthapoli sp. nov. in situ at the type locality. A. General dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Right profile. Photos by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 12 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 12. Live adult Cyrtodactylus cf. interdigitalis (possibly C. ngati) found in syntopy with C. wiboonatthapoli sp. nov. at the latter's type locality. Photo. by M. Sumontha.
FIGURE 14 in Two new cave-dwelling species of Bent-toed Geckos from Saraburi and Loei provinces, Thailand (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)
FIGURE 14. Two preserved adult Cyrtodactylus papilionoides from Bonaza, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand (CUMZ-R-2607–2608, formerly MS 664, with last third of tail regenerated, and MS 742, with a lost and regenerating tail). Photo. by M. Sumontha.
FIG. 1 in Geckos are milking honeydew-producing planthoppers in Madagascar
FIG. 1. (a) Gecko approaching the planthopper by quivering and bouncing its head; (b) planthopper lifting abdominal segments several times with final excretion of honeydew; (c) gecko licking its snout while the planthopper returns to original position.
Data from: Phylogeography and diversification history of the day-gecko genus Phelsuma in the Seychelles islands
BACKGROUND: Lying in a shallow continental shelf cyclically affected by oscillating sea levels since the Miocene, the Seychelles islands are particularly interesting for evolutionary studies. Recent molecular studies are generating an emerging picture of the origin of its biota, yet very little is known regarding their phylogeographic structure or on the factors promoting diversification within the archipelago. Here we aimed to obtain a detailed depiction of the genetic structure and evolution of one of the most widespread vertebrate groups in the archipelago: the day-geckos of the genus Phelsuma. In parallel, we aimed to infer divergence times between species and subspecies, testing a long-standing hypothesis that argues for different time since sympatry between species as the cause of their different morphological differentiation across the archipelago. RESULTS: Molecular data corroborated the existence of two main lineages, corresponding to the two currently recognized species. Divergences between species likely date back to the Mio- Pliocene, while more recent, Pleistocenic, divergences are suggested within each species. Populations from outer islands share mtDNA haplotypes with inner island populations, suggesting very recent dispersals (or introductions). We found no evidence of current gene flow between species, but results pointed to the possibility of gene flow between (now allopatric) subspecies. Time estimates suggest a synchronous divergence within each species (between island groups). CONCLUSIONS: The geographic patterns of genetic variation agree with previous taxonomic subdivisions within each species and the origin of outer islands populations is clearly tracked. The similar intraspecific divergence time estimates obtained suggest that the differential body-size differentiation between species within each group of islands may be driven by factors other than character displacement proportional to time since sympatry, as previously suggested. These factors could include different habitats/resources available within each island group, niche differentiation and/or character displacement. We also bring again into consideration the hypothesis of body size being influenced by the distribution of native vegetation and social systems within this group, although it remains to be tested. Our results highlight not only the necessity of clarifying the role of ecology and interspecific interactions in this group's morphological diversification and community assemblage, but also the importance of co-evolutionary mechanisms and their importance for appropriate conservation of island biodiversity. Further, we provide a detailed description of the phylogeographic structure of these taxa across these islands, which still remain poorly characterized in this respect.
APPENDIX VII. photographs of habitat of A: Cyrtodactylus karsticola sp. nov.; B: Cyrtodactylus agarwali sp. nov.; C,D,E: Cyrtodactylus aaronbauri sp. nov. and F: Cyrtodactylus bengkhuaiai sp. nov. in Four new Bent-toed geckos (Cyrtodactylus Gray: Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northeast India
APPENDIX VII. photographs of habitat of A: Cyrtodactylus karsticola sp. nov.; B: Cyrtodactylus agarwali sp. nov.; C,D,E: Cyrtodactylus aaronbauri sp. nov. and F: Cyrtodactylus bengkhuaiai sp. nov.
FIGURE 3 in Goniurosaurus chengzheng sp. nov., a new species of Leopard Gecko from Guangxi China (Squamata: Eublepharidae)
FIGURE 3. Goniurosaurus chengzheng sp. nov. A. Dorsal view of holotype, ECNU-V0090 (left) and paratype, ECNU-V0068 (right); B. Ventral view of the chin, holotype; C. Dorsal view of the snout tip, holotype; D. Precloacal region, with the precloacal pores numbered.
FIGURE 2. Bayesian Inference phylogram showing relationships among 21 in Goniurosaurus chengzheng sp. nov., a new species of Leopard Gecko from Guangxi China (Squamata: Eublepharidae)
FIGURE 2. Bayesian Inference phylogram showing relationships among 21 Goniurosaurus species and two outgroup taxa. Support values in the form posterior probabilities (Bayesian Inference)/ bootstrap values (maximum likelihood) are shown above branches. The tree is a Bayesian topology. The position of G. chengzheng sp. nov. is highlighted in the tree.
FIGURE 1 in Goniurosaurus chengzheng sp. nov., a new species of Leopard Gecko from Guangxi China (Squamata: Eublepharidae)
FIGURE 1. Goniurosaurus chengzheng sp. nov. from Guangxi, China. A. Adult female (photographed in 2017, but not collected); B. Scalation and coloration characters of the head of the holotype; C. Adult male, holotype. (photos by Zhu Xiao-Yu)
FIGURE 2 in A phylogeny of the enigmatic Madagascan geckos of the genus Uroplatus (Squamata: Gekkonidae)
FIGURE 2. Bayesian inference (BI) tree of Uroplatus relationships. Numbers above branches are MP bootstrap values; those below branches are posterior probability support values. The asterisk indicates a shared amino acid deletion in the RAG-1 gene. Two outgroups (Paroedura androyensis and P. karstophila) that were used to construct the tree are not shown here.
FIGURE 1 in A phylogeny of the enigmatic Madagascan geckos of the genus Uroplatus (Squamata: Gekkonidae)
FIGURE 1. Neighbor-joining tree and maximum likelihood support values (numbers above branches) of Uroplatus relationships from Glaw et al. (2006).
FIGURE 4 in Who's your daddy? On the identity and distribution of the paternal hybrid ancestor of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae)
FIGURE 4. Photos in life comparing putative members of Lepidodactylus pantai or Lepidodactylus woodfordi. (A) Lepidodactylus pantai from the type locality, Kei Kecil, Indonesia (photo by Luke M. Bloch). (B) Lepidodactylus cf. pantai from Opea Island, Papua New Guinea (photo by Fred Kraus). The dark coloration is the night-time coloration, whereas during the day (and in preservative) they show similar coloration as the other images. (C) Lepidodactylus pantai from Palmyra Atoll (photo by Robert Fisher). (D) Lepidodactylus pantai from Rangiroa Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago) (photo by Ivan Ineich). (E) Lepidodactylus cf. woodfordi from Alu Island, Solomon Islands, adjacent to Fauro Island, the type locality of L. woodfordi (photo by Michael McCoy). Further comparison is needed to assess if L. woodfordi may be conspecific with L. pantai and would therefore have priority.
FIGURE 3 in Who's your daddy? On the identity and distribution of the paternal hybrid ancestor of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae)
FIGURE 3. Haplotype network for the Lepidodactylus pantai clade estimated for the mitochondrial ND2 gene. Circle sizes correspond to the number of individuals sharing a given haplotype and hash marks designate the number of nucleotide differences between haplotypes. Colors correspond to labeled locations.
FIGURE 1 in Who's your daddy? On the identity and distribution of the paternal hybrid ancestor of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae)
FIGURE 1. Map of the Pacific Basin displaying island populations of Lepidodactylus pantai. Red dots indicate populations with genetic sampling (*arno atoll based on cytochrome b sequences of Radtkey et al. [1995]). Yellow dots indicate populations identified by morphology either by field observations or examination of museum specimens. Stars indicate type localities of Lepidodactylus pantai (red) and Lepidodactylus woodfordi (green). Map data copyrighted OpenStreetMap contributors and available from https://www.openstreetmap.org.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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