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Distribution. Main tropical rainforest belt from Senegal and Guinea Bissau to NW Uganda and E DR Congo, reaching as S boundary N Angola (Cabinda); no recent records from Gambia or Chad and its presence is uncertain in S Sudan and SW Ethiopia. As a species that may range widely through gallery forests, it may also occur in adjacent countries. in Suidae

Distribution. Main tropical rainforest belt from Senegal and Guinea Bissau to NW Uganda and E DR Congo, reaching as S boundary N Angola (Cabinda); no recent records from Gambia or Chad and its presence is uncertain in S Sudan and SW Ethiopia. As a species that may range widely through gallery forests, it may also occur in adjacent countries.

Subspecies and Distribution. A. [. fusciceps Gray, 1866 — NW Ecuador, W of the Andes, historically in the provinces of Esmeraldas and Carchi, from the Colombian border S to the Cordillera de Colonche in the Guayas Province (most S record is in "Puente sobre el rio Chimbo," Chimborazo Province), but today it is restricted to two remnant populations (Awa Ethnological Reserve N of the Rio Mira, and Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve and adjacent Los Cedros Protected Forest and surrounding forests S of the Rio Mira). A. f. rufiventris Sclater, 1872 — E Panama (Atlantic slope) and W Colombia from the Uraba region in NW Antioquia, N through Cordoba, Sucre, and N Bolivar departments (N distributional limit on the S bank of the Canal del Dique, Cartagena), W of the Rio Cauca to the coast, E to the lower Rio Cauca along the W bank to SC Antioquia (the Cerro Pirre or the Rio Tucuti marks the border with A. geoffroyi grisescens), and S to the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes in SW Colombia (the most southerly record is Barabacoas, Narino Department). in Atelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. [. fusciceps Gray, 1866 — NW Ecuador, W of the Andes, historically in the provinces of Esmeraldas and Carchi, from the Colombian border S to the Cordillera de Colonche in the Guayas Province (most S record is in "Puente sobre el rio Chimbo," Chimborazo Province), but today it is restricted to two remnant populations (Awa Ethnological Reserve N of the Rio Mira, and Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve and adjacent Los Cedros Protected Forest and surrounding forests S of the Rio Mira). A. f. rufiventris Sclater, 1872 — E Panama (Atlantic slope) and W Colombia from the Uraba region in NW Antioquia, N through Cordoba, Sucre, and N Bolivar departments (N distributional limit on the S bank of the Canal del Dique, Cartagena), W of the Rio Cauca to the coast, E to the lower Rio Cauca along the W bank to SC Antioquia (the Cerro Pirre or the Rio Tucuti marks the border with A. geoffroyi grisescens), and S to the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes in SW Colombia (the most southerly record is Barabacoas, Narino Department).

FIGURES 5–9 in A new species and new distributional records of Haroldius Boucomont, 1914 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from southern Africa

FIGURES 5–9. Haroldius lyleae Daniel, Strümpher & Snäll, new species, holotype (TMSA). 5, prothorax; 6, pygidium; 7, aedeagus, ventral view; 8, aedeagus, lateral view; 9, aedeagus, dorsal view.

FIGURE 15 in A new species and new distributional records of Haroldius Boucomont, 1914 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 15. Distribution of Haroldius lyleae Daniel, Strümpher & Snäll, new species from South Africa (Yellow circles; circle with black point indicate type locality – "Soetvlakte Farm").

FIGURES 1–4 in A new species and new distributional records of Haroldius Boucomont, 1914 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from southern Africa

FIGURES 1–4. Haroldius lyleae Daniel, Strümpher & Snäll, new species, holotype (TMSA). 1, habitus, dorsal view; 2, habitus, ventral view; 3, habitus, lateral view; 4, holotype labels.

FIGURES 10–14 in A new species and new distributional records of Haroldius Boucomont, 1914 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) from southern Africa

FIGURES 10–14. Haroldius lyleae Daniel, Strümpher & Snäll, new species, paratype (ESRC). 10, habitus, dorsal view; 11, paratype labels; 12, habitus, ventral view; 13, clypeus; 14, host ant: Monomorium albopilosum, dorsal view.

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon and SE Colombia, between the upper Rio Negro and Rio Japura, W from opposite the Rio Padauari (64° W), N of the Rio Caqueta, E as far as the lower Rio Yari and the right bank of the Rio Mesay; it extends N through the Apaporis and Vaupés basins, possibly to the upper Rio Guaviare; N and W limits in Colombia are not known; not recorded in Venezuela. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon and SE Colombia, between the upper Rio Negro and Rio Japura, W from opposite the Rio Padauari (64° W), N of the Rio Caqueta, E as far as the lower Rio Yari and the right bank of the Rio Mesay; it extends N through the Apaporis and Vaupés basins, possibly to the upper Rio Guaviare; N and W limits in Colombia are not known; not recorded in Venezuela.

Subspecies and Distribution. S. w. weddelli Deville, 1849 — W Brazil (between the rios Purus and Madeira in the states of Amazonas, Acre, and NW Rondonia, as far N as the Rio Pixuna) to SE Peru (from the Rio Abujao, E tributary of the Rio Ucayali, to the S along both banks of the Rio Ucayali, E of the Andes, E of the Rio Apurimac, and along the upper reaches of the Apurimac, Inambari, Urubamba, and Tambopata), and to N Bolivia (rios Madeira and Beni or Mamoré); it crosses the upper Rio Madeira to its right bank in Rondonia in the region of the Rio Jamari, S of the Rio Ji-parana, being sympatric there with Rondon's Marmoset (Mico rondonz). S. w. crandalli Hershkovitz, 1966 — provenance unknown but possibly near the headwaters of the rios Jurua and Tarauaca in W Brazil. S. w. melanoleucus Miranda Ribeiro, 1912 — Brazilian Amazon, along the right bank of the upper Rio Jurua, S from the mouth of the Rio Eira, up to its headwaters, E to the left bank of the Rio Tarauaca (no saddle-back tamarins have been recorded to the E of the Rio Tarauaca in Acre State as far as the upper Rio Purus), in SE Peru from the upper reaches of the Rio Breu and the Quebrada Breu, right bank affluents of the upper Rio Yurua. in Callitrichiade

Subspecies and Distribution. S. w. weddelli Deville, 1849 — W Brazil (between the rios Purus and Madeira in the states of Amazonas, Acre, and NW Rondonia, as far N as the Rio Pixuna) to SE Peru (from the Rio Abujao, E tributary of the Rio Ucayali, to the S along both banks of the Rio Ucayali, E of the Andes, E of the Rio Apurimac, and along the upper reaches of the Apurimac, Inambari, Urubamba, and Tambopata), and to N Bolivia (rios Madeira and Beni or Mamoré); it crosses the upper Rio Madeira to its right bank in Rondonia in the region of the Rio Jamari, S of the Rio Ji-parana, being sympatric there with Rondon's Marmoset (Mico rondonz). S. w. crandalli Hershkovitz, 1966 — provenance unknown but possibly near the headwaters of the rios Jurua and Tarauaca in W Brazil. S. w. melanoleucus Miranda Ribeiro, 1912 — Brazilian Amazon, along the right bank of the upper Rio Jurua, S from the mouth of the Rio Eira, up to its headwaters, E to the left bank of the Rio Tarauaca (no saddle-back tamarins have been recorded to the E of the Rio Tarauaca in Acre State as far as the upper Rio Purus), in SE Peru from the upper reaches of the Rio Breu and the Quebrada Breu, right bank affluents of the upper Rio Yurua.

Distribution. NE Amazon in Brazil and the Guianas, in Guyana restricted to the right bank of the Essequibo River, and S and E of the Rupununi River, the Rio Negro and its tributary the Rio Branco are the W limit ofits distribution in Brazil; not recorded in Venezuela. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. NE Amazon in Brazil and the Guianas, in Guyana restricted to the right bank of the Essequibo River, and S and E of the Rupununi River, the Rio Negro and its tributary the Rio Branco are the W limit ofits distribution in Brazil; not recorded in Venezuela.

Subspecies and Distribution. M.o.orianaeThomas,1922—NEWesternAustraliaandNNorthernTerritory. M.o.bassanuCardinal&Christidis,2000—SESouthAustralia(RobeandNaracoorteStoPortMacDonnell)andSWVictoria.ItsdistributionisextendingacrosstheborderlineintoSWVictoria,toHeywood,Portland,Hamilton,andWarrnambool,withthemostElocalityyetfoundatPomborneit,nearCamperdown. M. o. oceanensis Maeda, 1982 — E Australia from Cape York in Queensland (including Fraser I) to Castlemaine in Victoria. Distribution of bassanii and oceanensis overlap in W Victoria, with both subspecies recorded from four caves in the Otways/Camperdown/Lorne area. in Miniopteridae

Subspecies and Distribution. M.o.orianaeThomas,1922—NEWesternAustraliaandNNorthernTerritory. M.o.bassanuCardinal&Christidis,2000—SESouthAustralia(RobeandNaracoorteStoPortMacDonnell)andSWVictoria.ItsdistributionisextendingacrosstheborderlineintoSWVictoria,toHeywood,Portland,Hamilton,andWarrnambool,withthemostElocalityyetfoundatPomborneit,nearCamperdown. M. o. oceanensis Maeda, 1982 — E Australia from Cape York in Queensland (including Fraser I) to Castlemaine in Victoria. Distribution of bassanii and oceanensis overlap in W Victoria, with both subspecies recorded from four caves in the Otways/Camperdown/Lorne area.

Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, some Lesser Sunda Is (Lombok and Timor) and Moluccas (Seram, Ambon, and Kai Is), New Guinea and some nearby islands (Waigeo I, Manus I in Admiralty Is, New Ireland I in Bismarck Archipelago, and D'Entrecasteaux Is), and Solomon Is; possibly this species also recorded on mainland SE Asia (Thailand, S Cambodia, and S Vietnam). in Miniopteridae

Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, some Lesser Sunda Is (Lombok and Timor) and Moluccas (Seram, Ambon, and Kai Is), New Guinea and some nearby islands (Waigeo I, Manus I in Admiralty Is, New Ireland I in Bismarck Archipelago, and D'Entrecasteaux Is), and Solomon Is; possibly this species also recorded on mainland SE Asia (Thailand, S Cambodia, and S Vietnam).

Subspecies and Distribution. M.p.paululusHollister,1913—thePhilippines. M.p.graysonaeKitchener,2002—TanimbarIs(Selaru). M. p. witkampi Sody, 1930 — Borneo, scattered records in N Sabah (Balambangan I and Gomatong Caves) and East Kalimantan (Kutai). in Miniopteridae

Subspecies and Distribution. M.p.paululusHollister,1913—thePhilippines. M.p.graysonaeKitchener,2002—TanimbarIs(Selaru). M. p. witkampi Sody, 1930 — Borneo, scattered records in N Sabah (Balambangan I and Gomatong Caves) and East Kalimantan (Kutai).

Distribution. Ryukyu Is (Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Okinawajima, Kumejima, Ishigakijima, and Iriomotejima). There is a record of one individual captured on Jeju I (South Korea) regarded as a vagrant as well as an old record from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now to be extinct there. in Miniopteridae

Distribution. Ryukyu Is (Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Okinawajima, Kumejima, Ishigakijima, and Iriomotejima). There is a record of one individual captured on Jeju I (South Korea) regarded as a vagrant as well as an old record from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now to be extinct there.

Distribution. Patchy records in S Asia (Nepal and S India), much of mainland SE Asia (Myanmar, S China including Hainan I, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia), and part of insular SE Asia (Nicobar Is, Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, and Moluccas); a record from Borneo requires confirmation. in Miniopteridae

Distribution. Patchy records in S Asia (Nepal and S India), much of mainland SE Asia (Myanmar, S China including Hainan I, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia), and part of insular SE Asia (Nicobar Is, Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, and Moluccas); a record from Borneo requires confirmation.

Subspecies and Distribution. M.s.spasmaLinnaeus,1758—TernateandHalmaheraIs(NMoluccas). M.s.abditumChasen,1940—AurI,offEPeninsularMalaysia. M.s.cartmataeG.S.Miller,1906—KarimataI,offWBorneo. M.s.celebenseShamel,1940—Sulawesi. M.s.ceylonenseK.Andersen,1918—SriLanka. M.s.horsfieldiBlyth,1863—peninsularIndia. M.s.kinabaluChasen,1940—MtKinabaluinNBorneo. M.s.lasiaeLyon,1916—LasiaandBabiIs,offWSumatra. M.s.majusK.Andersen,1918—mostofMyanmar,NEIndia,andBangladesh. M.s.mediumK.Andersen,1918—MalayPeninsula(includingTarutaoI)andNSumatra. M.s.minusK.Andersen,1918—SChina(Yunnan),Thailand,Laos,Vietham,andCambodia. M.s.natunaeK.Andersen&Wroughton,1907—BunguranandNorthNatunaIs. M.s.niasenseLyon,1916—NiasandSiberutIs,oftWSumatra. M.s.pangandaranaSody,1936—C&EJava. M.s.philippinenseWaterhouse,1843—Philippines. M.s.stumatisLyon,1916—SiumatI,offWSumatra. M. s. tnfolium E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1810 — S Sumatra, W Java, and Borneo; also on South Natuna, Tambelan, Krakatau, and Kangean Is. Also recorded on Andaman Is, but subspecies involved not known. in Megadermatidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M.s.spasmaLinnaeus,1758—TernateandHalmaheraIs(NMoluccas). M.s.abditumChasen,1940—AurI,offEPeninsularMalaysia. M.s.cartmataeG.S.Miller,1906—KarimataI,offWBorneo. M.s.celebenseShamel,1940—Sulawesi. M.s.ceylonenseK.Andersen,1918—SriLanka. M.s.horsfieldiBlyth,1863—peninsularIndia. M.s.kinabaluChasen,1940—MtKinabaluinNBorneo. M.s.lasiaeLyon,1916—LasiaandBabiIs,offWSumatra. M.s.majusK.Andersen,1918—mostofMyanmar,NEIndia,andBangladesh. M.s.mediumK.Andersen,1918—MalayPeninsula(includingTarutaoI)andNSumatra. M.s.minusK.Andersen,1918—SChina(Yunnan),Thailand,Laos,Vietham,andCambodia. M.s.natunaeK.Andersen&Wroughton,1907—BunguranandNorthNatunaIs. M.s.niasenseLyon,1916—NiasandSiberutIs,oftWSumatra. M.s.pangandaranaSody,1936—C&EJava. M.s.philippinenseWaterhouse,1843—Philippines. M.s.stumatisLyon,1916—SiumatI,offWSumatra. M. s. tnfolium E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1810 — S Sumatra, W Java, and Borneo; also on South Natuna, Tambelan, Krakatau, and Kangean Is. Also recorded on Andaman Is, but subspecies involved not known.

FIGURE 3 in A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae)

FIGURE 3. The distribution and morphology of Marenzelleria viridis from European waters. A, map showing records of M. viridis from European waters based on morphology (circles) and molecular data (triangles); new record from the Oslofjord, Norway, is marked by a rhomb; see Table 1 and Table S1 for details. B, M. viridis from Idefjorden, Sweden; photo by Fredrik Pleijel; see VIR 24704 in Table S1 for details.

FIGURE 6 in A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae)

FIGURE 6. Marenzelleria sp. morphometric relationships. A, arithmetic difference between anterior position of hooded hooks in noto- and neuropodia (DHH-VHH) referring to the number of the first hook-bearing chaetiger) versus total number of chaetigers. B, arithmetic difference between anterior position of hooded hooks in noto- and neuropodia (DHH-VHH) versus distribution of branchiae (referring to the number of the last branchiate chaetiger). C, arithmetic difference between the number of last branchiate chaetiger and anterior position of hooded hooks in notopodia (Br-DHH) versus total number of chaetigers. D, arithmetic difference between the number of last branchiate chaetiger and anterior position of hooded hooks in notopodia (Br- DHH) versus distribution of branchiae. E, arithmetic difference between the number of last branchiate chaetiger and anterior position of hooded hooks in neuropodia (Br-VHH) versus total number of chaetigers. F, arithmetic difference between the number of last branchiate chaetiger and anterior position of hooded hooks in neuropodia (Br-VHH) versus distribution of branchiae. Correlation coefficients (r) and their significance are reported in Table S7.

FIGURE 2 in A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae)

FIGURE 2. Map showing type localities (stars) and/or records of Marenzelleria arctia, M. bastropi, M. neglecta, M. viridis, and Marenzelleria sp. from North America based on morphology (circles, rhomb) and molecular data (triangles). See Table 1 and Tables S1−S5 for details.

FIGURE 1 in A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae)

FIGURE 1. Majority rule consensus tree of the Bayesian inference analysis of the combined COI (564 bp) and 16S (307 bp) sequences (871 bp in total) of Marenzelleria spp. rooted with sequences of Malacoceros fuliginosus. Posterior probabilities are shown on the branches. Ma, Mb, Mn, Mv, and Mw denote haplotypes of Marenzelleria arctia, M. bastropi, M. neglecta, M. viridis, and M. wireni, respectively, reported by Bastrop & Blank (2006), Blank et al. (2008), and Blank & Bastrop (2009). WS followed by numbers refer to the voucher specimens deposited at the ZMMU_WS collection. The other two capital letters are followed by the six-digit GenBank accession numbers. The numbers without letters preceding collecting locations are unique numbers from the VIR database linking the individuals on the tree with the sampling data in Table 1 and Table S1; numbers of individuals are separated from sample numbers by dots. Marenzelleria species of Arctic origin are shown in blue; species of Northwest Atlantic origin are shown in purple; specimens from the Oslofjord (Norway) are shown in red.

FIGURE 4 in A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae)

FIGURE 4. Morphology of Marenzelleria sp. from Koluktoo Bay (Baffin Is., Nunavut, Canada). A–D, anterior ends, dorsal view. E, bidentate hooded hook from a neuropodium of a middle chaetiger. Arrows showing posterior ends of U-shaped nuchal organs. Scale bars: A – 300 µm; B, C – 200 µm; D – 50 µm; E – 5 µm. A–E – formalin-fixed specimens. A – MIMB 40927; B, D – MIMB 42134; C, E – MIMB 40928.