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Fig. 4 a in Species tree phylogeny, character evolution, and biogeography of the Patagonian genus Anarthrophyllum Benth. (Fabaceae)

Fig. 4 a Calibrated species tree of Anarthrophyllum. Values on the and pie graphs on nodes report probabilities after BBM analysis for rebranches represent statistical support (PP). Numbers given for each constructions. The map shows the biogeographic regions. Vertical bars node are the estimated (median) divergence time in million years; black indicate major clades explained in the text. b Posterior density plots of bars indicate 95% highest posterior densities over the median value. divergence times for the estimated origin of Anarthrophyllum and main Current distributions are indicated by the circles before the species names, clades. QU: Quaternary. PLI: Pliocene

Fig. 5 in Species tree phylogeny, character evolution, and biogeography of the Patagonian genus Anarthrophyllum Benth. (Fabaceae)

Fig. 5 Stochastic character mapping of categorical characters and size. c Habit. d Leaf length. In a, floral color was coded as 0 (yellow) and continuous trait reconstructions. Current character states are indicated 1 (red/orange) and in c habit as 0 (shrub), 1 (globular cushion), and 2 before the species names and pie graphs report posterior probability of (prostrate cushion) each character state on the corresponding node. a Flower color. b Flower

Fig. 3 in Species tree phylogeny, character evolution, and biogeography of the Patagonian genus Anarthrophyllum Benth. (Fabaceae)

Fig. 3 Comparison of MCC trees based on the ITS and the trnS-trnG identified clades are indicated with different shapes: triangle for species sequence data. Values on the branches represent statistical support (BPMP/ belonging to the High Andean Clade (HA), circles for the species belongBPML/PP). At the nodes, major clades are indicated. Gray boxes and ing to Patagonian Clade 1 (PC1), and squares for the species belonging to arrows indicate the incongruences between both topologies. The the Patagonian Clade 2 (PC2; see Section 3)

Fig. 2 in Species tree phylogeny, character evolution, and biogeography of the Patagonian genus Anarthrophyllum Benth. (Fabaceae)

Fig. 2 Morphological diversity in Anarthrophyllum. Flowers: a A. desideratum; b A. strigulipetalum; c A. rigidum; d A. ornithopodum; i A. burkartii. Habits: Shrubs in e A. rigidum and j A. subandinum. Globular cushions in f A. strigulipetalum and g A. desideratum. h Prostrate cushion in A. gayanum. k Bird pollination in A. desideratum. l Hymenopterous pollination in A. ornithopodum

Fig. 1 The inset depicts a in Species tree phylogeny, character evolution, and biogeography of the Patagonian genus Anarthrophyllum Benth. (Fabaceae)

Fig. 1 The inset depicts a map of South America, with the study area species belonging to the High Andean Clade (HA), circles for the indicated by a box. The expanded map shows the distribution of the genus species belonging to Patagonian Clade 1 (PC1), and squares for the Anarthrophyllum. Different species are indicated with different colors. species belonging to the Patagonian Clade 2 (PC2; see Section 3). The The identified clades are indicated with different shapes: triangle for lower left inset indicates altitude (6500–250 m)

opennotspecifiedApr 2019View details →

Fig. 2 Species tree for the E in The popular model annelid Enchytraeus albidus is only one species in a complex of seashore white worms (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)

Fig. 2 Species tree for the E. albidus species complex (shaded), estimated using the multi-locus coalescent model. The number of included speci- mens for each species is given after the species name. Values above branches are posterior probability (PP) support values, values under terminal branches are mean PP from species delim- itation analyses in BPP, written as: mean analysis A/mean analysis B/ mean analysis C. Scale measures the branch lengths in proportion to total tree length

opennotspecifiedSep 2022View details →

Fig. 3 Most probable tree resulting from a in Phylogenetics and historical biogeography of Encyclia (Laeliinae: Orchidaceae) with an emphasis on the E. adenocarpos complex, a new species, and a preliminary species list for the genus

Fig. 3 Most probable tree resulting from a Bayesian Inference Analysis of Encyclia using a supermatrix of the regions ITS + rpl32-trnL, trnL-F, ycf1. Black dots above the lines represent Posterior Probabilities> 95%. Stars below the lines are bootstrap support> 70%.

opennotspecifiedSep 2015View details →

FIGURE 2. The single most parsimonious trees obtained from a in A new species of Scleroramularia associated with sooty blotch and flyspeck in Southern China

FIGURE 2. The single most parsimonious trees obtained from a heuristic search combined ITS and TEF sequence alignment. Numbers at branching nodes represent bootstrap values>50 % (1000 replicates). The tree was rooted to Beauveria bassiana (GenBank AY532027 and AY531936 for ITS and TEF, respectively).

opennotspecifiedApr 2015View details →

FIGURE 2. Strict consensus tree derived from a in Hedyotis nanlingensis (Rubiaceae), a new species from South China

FIGURE 2. Strict consensus tree derived from a simultaneous analysis of nrITS and petD, with Bayesian Posterior Probabilities (PP) indicated above branches. The field collection number after the taxon indicates different populations or individuals.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2015View details →

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree generated from a in A polyphasic approach to characterise two novel species of Phoma (Didymellaceae) from China

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree generated from a maximum parsimony analysis based on the combined ITS, LSU, TUB and RPB2 sequence alignment. Values above the branches represent parsimony bootstrap support values (>50%). Thickened branches represent significant Bayesian posterior probability (≥95%). Novel sequences are printed in bold and the scale bar indicated 40 changes. The tree is rooted with Phoma paspali (CBS 560.81). An asterisk (*) indicates the ex-type strains.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2015View details →

FIGURE 2. Strict consensus tree derived from a in A new species and new section of Viola (Violaceae) from Guangdong, China

FIGURE 2. Strict consensus tree derived from a combined analysis of matK, rpl16 and atpB-rbcL, with bayesian posterior probabilities (>50) in the nodes. Outgroup: Hybanthus concolor. The species in bold face is the new one described in this study. acronyms at the right are first three letters of sections Chamaemelanium, Dischidium, Nomimium and Danxiaviola.

opennotspecifiedJul 2015View details →

FIGURE 5. Maximum-likelihood tree obtained from a in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon

FIGURE 5. Maximum-likelihood tree obtained from a concatenated dataset of three genes (nu-SSU, nu-LSU, ITS) showing the placement of O.camponoti-atricipis, O. camponoti-bispinosi and O. camponoti-indiani within Ophiocordyceps unilateralis complex and relative to other Ophiocordycipitaceae species. Numbers above branches indicate bootstrap scores>70 (ML/MP).

opennotspecifiedAug 2016View details →

FIGURE 1. Durio connatus. A. Tree. B. Trunk with spiral branches. C. Stamens and flowers. D in Durio connatus (Malvaceae), a new species from Kalimantan, Indonesia

FIGURE 1. Durio connatus. A. Tree. B. Trunk with spiral branches. C. Stamens and flowers. D. Bud and young fruit on the branch.

FIGURE 1. Cupania moralesii. A. Flowering branch. B. Staminate flower. C. Pistillate flower. D. Petals. E. Pistillate flowers gynoecium. F. Staminate flowers gynoecium. G. Stamens. H. Infrutescence. I. Undehisced fruit. J. Dehisced fruit. K. Arillate seed. L in Cupania moralesii (Sapindaceae), a new endemic tree species from the premontane forest of Costa Rica

FIGURE 1. Cupania moralesii. A. Flowering branch. B. Staminate flower. C. Pistillate flower. D. Petals. E. Pistillate flowers gynoecium. F. Staminate flowers gynoecium. G. Stamens. H. Infrutescence. I. Undehisced fruit. J. Dehisced fruit. K. Arillate seed. L. Seed. Drawn by P. Juárez, inflorescence and flowers based on photos of type specimen P. Juárez, J.E. Jiménez & J.M. Chaves 1235 (CR, USJ, MO), and infrutescence, fruits and seeds based on J.E. Jiménez, J.M. Chaves & A. Campos 2564 (CR, USJ, MO).

FIGURE 2. Cupania moralesii. A. Habit. B. Stem. C in Cupania moralesii (Sapindaceae), a new endemic tree species from the premontane forest of Costa Rica

FIGURE 2. Cupania moralesii. A. Habit. B. Stem. C. Detail of the tomentose bud. D. Branch, leaves and upperside of leaflets. E. Underside of leaflets. F. Inflorescence. G. Close-up of flowers. H. Infrutescences. I. Detail of fruits, seeds and white aril. A‒E and H‒I photos based on J.E. Jiménez, J.M. Chaves & A. Campos 2564 (CR, USJ, MO). F-G photos based on type specimen P. Juárez, J.E. Jiménez & J.M. Chaves 1235 (CR, USJ, MO).

FIGURE 3 in Redefinition of Croton macrobothrys (Euphorbiaceae), a tree species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with the description of a new subspecies

FIGURE 3. Anatomy of the subspecies of Croton macrobothrys. A. Stipitate-stellate porrect trichomes in C. macrobothrys subsp. macrobothrys (Riina 1522, MICH). B. Appressed-stellate porrect trichomes in C. macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis (Mori et al. 9274, MG). C–D. Cross section of basilaminar nectaries; C. convex surface in C. macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis (Mori et al. 9274, MG). D. concave surface in C. macrobothrys subsp. macrobothrys (Riina 1522, MICH). Scale bars: A, B = 60 μm; C = 200 μm; D = 250 μm.

FIGURE 2 in Redefinition of Croton macrobothrys (Euphorbiaceae), a tree species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with the description of a new subspecies

FIGURE 2. Map showing the disjunct distribution of Croton macrobothrys subsp. macrobothrys (circles) and C. macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis (triangles).

FIGURE 1. Morphological differences between Croton macrobothrys subsp. macrobothrys and Croton macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis. A, C–E in Redefinition of Croton macrobothrys (Euphorbiaceae), a tree species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with the description of a new subspecies

FIGURE 1. Morphological differences between Croton macrobothrys subsp. macrobothrys and Croton macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis. A, C–E. Croton macrobothrys subsp. macrobothrys (R.F. Santos et al. 32, SP). A. Basilaminar stalked glands. C. Detail of the inflorescence showing male flowers and young fruit with persistent styles. D. Young fruit with persistent styles slightly united at the base. E. Leaf margin minutely serrate. B, F–H. Croton macrobothrys subsp. septentrionalis (R.F. Santos et al. 24, SP). B. Basilaminar sessile glands. F. Mature fruits. G. Fruit with persistent styles free from the base. H. Entire leaf margin.

opennotspecifiedSep 2017View details →

FIGURE 1 in Combining morphology and population genetic analysis uncover species delimitation in the widespread African tree genus Santiria (Burseraceae)

FIGURE 1. Genetic clusters (GC) detected in Santiria samples from western Central Africa. Bayesian clustering analyses were performed on 479 individuals genotyped at 10 microsatellites loci. A. Variation in means of Ln (likelihood) of the data as a function of the number of hypothetical genetic clusters (K), showing a plateau at K=3. B. Histogram of genetic assignment of the 481 individuals at K = 3. C. Distribution of the three genetic clusters in western Central Africa, and delimitation of the distribution of each genetic cluster (dotted line: GC1, solid line: GC2, dashed line: GC3). We extended the distribution ranges of GC2 and GC3 because morphotypes of both genetic clusters were observed in the south of the Republic of the Congo. Note: Interm. GCx and GCy = intermediate individuals between GCx and GCy.