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Fig. 9 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 9. Liphistius tung sp. nov., vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H). (A-B) Allotype (taken from specimen). (C-D) Large paratype (taken from specimen). (E-F) Medium-sized paratype (from exuvia 18.IV.2013). (G-H) Small paratype (from exuvia 28.III.2012). Arrow indicating pronounced step between anterior lobes and lateral margin of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm.

Fig. 8 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 8. Liphistius tung sp. nov., left palps of male holotype (A-C, G, I-J) and of male paratype (D-F, H). (A) Tarsus and palpal organ, ventral view. (B) Distal part of tibia and proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. (C-D) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (E) Distal edge of contrategulum, distal and slightly prodorsal view. (F) Palpal organ, retrolateral view. (G) Same, retroventral view. (H-I) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral and slightly proximal view. (J) Distal part of tarsus and palpal organ, prolateral view. Arrows indicating bent and salient proximal edge of tegulum. Scale lines 1.0 mm (A-B; C-J).

Fig. 7 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 7. Liphistius metopiae sp. nov., vulval plates of five female paratypes (all taken from exuviae); dorsal view (A, D, G), ventral view (B, E-F, H-I) and anteroventral view (C). (A-C) Allotype; moult of 23.IV.1998. (D-E) Moult of 16.IV.1999. (E) Moult of 24.II.2000. (G-H) Moult of 28.VI.2001. (I) Moult of 4.III.1999. Scale lines 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: al - anterior lobe of poreplate; alp - anterolateral process of poreplate.

Fig. 6 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 6. Liphistius metopiae sp. nov., palps of male holotype (A, D-K, M, O) and of male paratype (B-C, L, N). (A) Left palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Distal edge of contrategulum and proventral process of left palp, distal view. (C-D) Same of right palp, distal view. (E) Left palpal organ, retrolateral view. (F) Distal part of left palpal organ, retroventral and slightly distal view; bent proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (G) Same, ventral and slightly proximal view. (H) Entire palpal organ and distal margin of tibia, ventral and more proximal view than in G. (I) Same, prolateral view. (J) Left tarsus and palpal organ, ventral view. (K) Distal part of left tibia, ventral view. (L) Left tarsus and subtegulum, ventral view. (M) Right paracymbium, ventral view. (N) Right paracymbium and distal part of tibia, ventral view. (O) Distal part of tibia, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. Scale line 1.0 mm (A-I; J-O). Abbreviations: de - prolateral part of distal contrategular edge; h - retrolateral-proximal heel of paracymbium.

Fig. 5 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 5. Liphistius lahu, vulval plates of five females; dorsal view (A, D, G), ventral view (B, E-F, H-I) and anteroventral view (C). (A-C) Paratype MHNG-ARTO-0024744 (taken from specimen). (D-E) Paratype MHNG-ARTO-0024741 (from exuvia). (F) Paratype MHNG-ARTO-0024745 (from specimen). (G-H) Paratype MHNG-ARTO-0024742 (from exuvia). (I) Female from Doi Pa Luang (from specimen). Scale lines 1.0 mm. Arrows indicating indistinct step between anterior lobes and lateral margin of poreplate. Abbreviations: al - anterior lobe of poreplate; CDO - central dorsal opening of poreplate; ga - genital atrium; lf - lateral fold of vulval plate; ps - posterior stalk; rc - receptacular cluster.

Fig. 1 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 1. Localities of species in the Liphistius birmanicus-group in northern Thailand, eastern Myanmar and southern China. Blue lines indicate major rivers, black lines national borders, grey lines major roads.

Fig. 4 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 4. Liphistius lahu, palp of male holotype (B-I) and of male paratype (A, J). (A-B) Contrategulum of right palp, distal view (dorsal side up). (C) Left palpal organ, distal and slightly retrodorsal view (dorsal side up). (D) Distal part of left palpal organ, retroventral and slightly distal view; bent proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Distal part of left palp, vental and slightly proximal view. (F) Distal part of left tibia, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Palpal organ and distal margin of tibia of left palp, prolateral and slightly proximal view. (H) Proximal part of tarsus of right palp, ventral view. (I-J) Same of left palp. Scale lines 1.0 mm (A-G; H-J). Abbreviations: c - cumulus; cp - proventral contrategular process; da - dorsal apex of distal contrategular edge; de - prolateral part of distal edge of contrategulum; me - membranous part of embolus proper; pc - paracymbium; pl - proximal ledge on retrodorsal side of contrategulum; pp - para-embolic plate; pt - palpal tarsus; re - retroventral edge of embolus complex; se - sclerotised part of embolus proper; st - subtegulum; t - tegulum; ta - tibial apophysis.

Fig. 3 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 3. Habitus of some species of the Liphistius birmanicus-group. (A) Liphistius ferox sp. nov., male paratype (matured 1.IX.2014) from Pathi Village. (B) Same species, female paratype from Thandaung Gyi. (C) Liphistius pinlaung, female from near Tong Htiwaw Temple. (D) Liphistius birmanicus from Yado, male (matured 20.IX.2017). (E) Same species, large female n°1. (F, H) Same species, large female n°2. (G) Same species, small female. (I) Same species, large female n°3. Not to scale.

Fig. 2 in A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species

Fig. 2. Habitus of some species of the Liphistius birmanicus-group. (A) Liphistius tung sp. nov., male holotype. (B) Liphistius pyinoolwin, male (matured 1.X.2014) from the Anisakan Falls; note exuviae of ectoparasitic mites (Ljunghia sp.) on the opisthosoma. (C) Liphistius platnicki sp. nov., female paratype (moulted 10.III.2021) from near Loi Kan Village. (D, F) Liphistius cupreus sp. nov., male paratype from near Kong Nyaung Village. (E) Same species, different male paratype. (G) Same species, female paratype (moulted 13.II.2021). (H-I) Same species, different female paratype (moulted 21.V.2021). Not to scale.

Fig. 6 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Fig. 6. Zinophora lobata sp. n., first pair of male legs. Abbreviations: pp – prefemoral process, pr – prefemora, s – syncoxosternum. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Fig. 1. Illustrations of gonopods labelled according to terminology employed: (A) Zinophora lobata, posterior view of gonopods; (B) Z. taromberai, gonopods with telocoxal spines, anterior view; (C) Z. taromberai, telopodite, posterior view. Abbreviations: f – femoral spine, mt – metaplica, p – palette, pl – proplica, sl – spatulate lobe, t – thumb, ts – telocoxal spine. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 11 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Fig. 11. Map of Zimbabwe illustrating distribution of currently known localities of Z. taromberai. Elevations higher than 1300 m along central plateau highlighted.

Figs 4, 5 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Figs 4, 5. Zinophora lobata sp. n.: (4) telopodite with long and narrow acutely produced femoral spine, (5) telopodite showing apical elements. Abbreviations: f – femoral spine, p – palette, sl – spatulate lobe, t – thumb. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figs 2, 3 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Figs 2, 3. Zinophora lobata sp. n., telocoxites: (2) oral view, (3) aboral view. Abbreviations: lo – lobe, mt – metaplica, ts – telocoxal spine. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figs 9, 10 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Figs 9, 10. Zinophora taromberai sp. n.: (9) telopodite; (10) apical elements of telopodites: (A) aboral view of right telopodite, (B) aboral view of left telopodite, (C) aboral view of left telopodite. Abbreviations: fs – femoral spine, p – palette, sl – spatulate lobe, t – thumb. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figs 7, 8 in Description of two new species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with discussion of species groups in the genus

Figs 7, 8. Zinophora taromberai sp. n.: (7A) apical view of telocoxites, (7B) aboral view of telocoxite; (8) oral view of telocoxite. Abbreviations: mp – metaplica, fs – femoral spine, pl – proplica, ts – telocoxal spine. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 28 in Revision of the Afrotropical Arge mirabilipes group, with description of two new species and annotations to other Arge species of this region (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae: Arginae)

Fig. 28. Distribution of Arge kungveldensis sp. n., A. taitaensis sp. n., A. mirabilipes Pasteels, A. bisignata Konow and A. intermedia Pasteels.

Figs 24–27 in Revision of the Afrotropical Arge mirabilipes group, with description of two new species and annotations to other Arge species of this region (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae: Arginae)

Figs 24–27. (24) Arge kungveldensis sp. n., female; (25) A. taitaensis sp. n., female; (26) A. mirabilipes, female; (27) A. bisignata, female.

Figs 18–23 in Revision of the Afrotropical Arge mirabilipes group, with description of two new species and annotations to other Arge species of this region (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae: Arginae)

Figs 18–23. Arge bisignata Konow: (18) sawsheath, lateral aspect; (19) sawsheath (dorsal aspect); (20) lancet (lateral aspect); (21) serrulae 10–11; (22) penis valve (left, lateral aspect); (23) hind tibia with basitarsomere.

Figs 13–17 in Revision of the Afrotropical Arge mirabilipes group, with description of two new species and annotations to other Arge species of this region (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Argidae: Arginae)

Figs 13–17. Arge mirabilipes Pasteels: (13) head, lateral aspect; (14) sawsheath, lateral aspect; (15) sawsheath, dorsal aspect; (16) lancet, lateral aspect; (17) serrulae 11–13.