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1,301 results for “Early Cretaceous”
Text-fig. 23. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0827) showing fruitlet with apical stigmatic region and a single seed enclosed within the fruitlet wall that has a thick epidermal cuticle; note the tiny embryo (emb) internal to the micropyle (mi) and oriented toward the base of the fruitlet; b) Transverse section through apical part of two fruitlets (orthoslice xy0810) showing the fruitlet wall (fr) composed of small thin-walled cells covered by an epidermis of isodiametric cells (ep) with a thick outer cuticle (cu); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0370) through basal part of fruitlet perpendicular to section in (a) showing the micropyle (mi), embryo (emb) composed of tiny cells, and the thick cuticle (cu) covering the bulging cells of the fruitlet epidermis. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174907 (a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 23. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0827) showing fruitlet with apical stigmatic region and a single seed enclosed within the fruitlet wall that has a thick epidermal cuticle; note the tiny embryo (emb) internal to the micropyle (mi) and oriented toward the base of the fruitlet; b) Transverse section through apical part of two fruitlets (orthoslice xy0810) showing the fruitlet wall (fr) composed of small thin-walled cells covered by an epidermis of isodiametric cells (ep) with a thick outer cuticle (cu); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice xz0370) through basal part of fruitlet perpendicular to section in (a) showing the micropyle (mi), embryo (emb) composed of tiny cells, and the thick cuticle (cu) covering the bulging cells of the fruitlet epidermis. Specimen, Catefica 50-S174907 (a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–c).
Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e).
Figs 13, 14. Libanochlites neocomicus Brundin, 1976 in New chironomid flies in Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Figs 13, 14. Libanochlites neocomicus Brundin, 1976, male, specimen 723: (13) wing, scale bar = 0.3 mm; (14) genitalia, scale bar = 0.1 mm.
Figs 10–12 in New chironomid flies in Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Figs 10–12. Lebanorthocladius furcatus gen. et sp. n., holotype 5B: (10) wing, scale bar = 0.5 mm; (11, 12) dorsal and ventral aspects of male genitalia, scale bar = 0.1 mm.
Figs 7, 8 in New chironomid flies in Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Figs 7, 8. Wadelius libanicus gen. et sp. n.: (7) wing, holotype 748A, scale bar = 0.5 mm; (8) male genitalia, paratype 259, scale bar = 0.1 mm.
Figure 3 in The diet of the Early Cretaceous coelacanth †Axelrodichthys araripensis Maisey, 1986 (Actinistia: Mawsoniidae)
Figure 3. – †Axelrodichthys araripensis stomach contents (UERJ-PMB 143). A: Close-up of the boxed area in x (Fig. 2A), (transmitted natural light) showing the various scattered fossilized bones. (1: precaudal vertebra; 2: rib?; 3: neural or hemal spine: 4: teeth; 5: lepidotrichial hemisegments; 6: myorhabdos; 7: perichondral ossification). B: Close-up of the boxed area in y (Fig. 2A) (transmitted natural light) showing the digestive tract area. White arrows pointing to microcrustacean skeletons (My = myorhabdos). C: Close-up of the left area of Fig. 2A (transmitted polarized light) to emphasize the different granulometries between the "digestive tract" contents (wide granulations) and the surrounding soft tissue patch (thin granulations). White asterisk pointing to the section of the vertebra in the upper left corner. D: Section of a small crustacean in the fossil soft tissue patch. E: Section of small foraminifera in the fossil soft tissue patch. F: Close-up of the right hemal arch of the vertebra 1 (Fig. 2A). Two white arrowheads point to the enchondral ossification of the hemal arch. (Ce = vertebral centrum; My = myorhabdos). G: Hemisegments of lepidotrichia (5, Fig. 2A). H: Teeth (4, in Fig. 2A). The white arrowheads point to the black pigmentation that surround the digestive tract. Scale bars: A, B, C = 200 μm; D, E, F, G, H = 50 μm;
Figure 4 in Histology of ganoid scales from the early Late Cretaceous of the Kem Kem beds , SE Morocco : systematic and evolutionary implications
Figure 4. - Scales of Obaichthys africanus (MRS 45). A-B: Cross section of two scales (transmitted natural light), showing the three superimposed layers: pluristratified ganoine (g), dentine (d) and bony basal plate (bp); A: MNHN-Histos 1960. The arrowheads point to five ridges of ganoine. The basal plate (bp) is avascular; B: MNHN-Histos 1963. The arrowheads point to three ridges of ganoine. A vascular canal (vc) crosses the whole scale; C-H: Cross sections of scales (transmitted natural light); C: MNHN-Histos 1960. Detail of A showing the two median ridges (arrowheads) constituted of pluristratified ganoine (g), each one above a dentine unit (d). The two ridges lie on an avascular bony basal plate crossed by numerous canaliculi of Williamson. Two sections of vascular canals just below the right dentine unit are visible (arrows). Notice the growth marks (gm) in the basal plate (bp); D: MNHN-Histos 1964. Detail of the ganoine layer (g) showing two odontode bases (arrows) and a resorbed area (asterisk) characterized by its irregular alveolate walls. Two minor remodelling areas (arrowheads) are seen in the ganoine layer; E: MNHN-Histos 1964. Detail of an odontode base (arrow) in the ganoine layer. One can also show two canaliculi of Williamson crossing the ganoine strata (arrowheads); F: MNHN-Histos 1964. Detail of a dentine unit (d) organized above a vascular loop coming from the basal plate (bp), with numerous odontoblastic canalicles (black asterisks). (g = ganoine); G: MNHN-Histos 1964. Detail of a dentine bulk (d) subtending a ganoine ridge (g). The odontoblastic canalicles radiating from the vascular ramification are visible. A canaliculus of Williamson (arrowhead), and some osteocytes in the bony basal plate (white asterisk) are visible; H: MNHN-Histos 1963). Detail of the bony basal plate showing a dichotomized canaliculus of Williamson (arrow). Scale bars: A, B = 1 mm; C = 250 µm; D, F = 100 µm; E = 100 µm).
Figure 2 in Histology of ganoid scales from the early Late Cretaceous of the Kem Kem beds , SE Morocco : systematic and evolutionary implications
Figure 2. - Scales of Bawitius (SEM). Upper surface. A: A ridged scale. The circles and the arrowheads localize respectively the areas of the observation of ganoine microreliefs and vascular apertures; B: Detail of the posterior extremity of a ganoine ridge. The contact between the ganoine and the dentine looks regular. Vascular apertures on the ganoine surface are visible (arrowheads); C: Detail of a ganoine ridge showing its contact with dentine (black arrowheads). The white arrowheads and arrows point to holes indicating vascular canal apertures respectively at the surface of ganoine and at the surface of dentine; D: Detail of ganoine near the dentine layer showing some microtubercles on the right and elongate hollows on the left; E: Detail of ganoine at the surface of a ridge showing the thin elongate hollows. (d = dentine; g = ganoine). Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 25 µm; C = 100 µm; D, E = 10 µm.
Figure 1 in Histology of ganoid scales from the early Late Cretaceous of the Kem Kem beds , SE Morocco : systematic and evolutionary implications
Figure 1. - Isolated scales of the Kem Kem beds. A, C-H: Scales studied by Tabaste (1963). A: Adrianaichthys sp. (fig. 9, Pl X); B: Adrianaichthys sp., scale sampled by one of us D.D.; C-E: Obaichthys sp. (figs 6, 7, 9, Pl XI); F,H: Bawitius sp. (figs 4, 5, Pl XI); G, I: Palaeonisciformes (figs 1, 2, Pl XI). Scale bars: A, B, F-I = 1 cm; C-E = 5 mm.
Fig. 5 in New Early Cretaceous spalacotheriid "symmetrodont" mammal from Japan
Fig. 5. Symmetrolestes parvus (NSM PV 20562, holotype). A. Detail stereo view of p5–m4 in lingual view. B. Drawing of the dentition in lingual view. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 7 in New Early Cretaceous spalacotheriid "symmetrodont" mammal from Japan
Fig. 7. Most parsimonious tree recovered by the analysis of our 29 character data−matrix (Appendices 1, 2). Diagnosis of the nodes: Node A: 5(1) Acutely angled molariforms; 8(1) single mesial cingular cusp in lower molariforms; 9(1) highly reduced talonid (cusp−like); 10(1) lower molar cingular cusp d lingual to cingular cusp e (molar interlocking); 16(1) cusp B1 present on upper molariforms; 23(1) roots mesiodistally compressed; 29(1) mandibular condyle above the alveolar margin. Node B: Spalacotheriidae: 1(1) Continuous prevallum and postvallum (prevallid−postvallid) shearing surfaces; 2(1) two canine roots; 7(1) complete, or almost complete buccal cingulum on lower molariforms; 13(1) crown height twice mesiodistal length; 24(1) strongly developed pterygoid crest; 25(1) posteroventral edge of the jaw efflected; 28(1) broad coronoid process. Node C: 6(1) Six or more molariforms. Node D: Spalacolestinae: 5(2) Very acutely angled molariforms; 14(1) Pre− and postparacrista present; 19(1) hook−like parastyle; 20(1), distal stylar cusp present; 24 (2) strong pterygoid crest extending to near the alveolar level. Node E: 17(1) Cusp C absent; 20(2) enlarged distal stylar cusp; 21(1) ultimate upper molariforms reduced (missing one of the main cusps). Node F: 11(1) Paraconid and paracristid lower than metaconid and protocristid; 12 (1) paraconid lingually placed in distal molariforms; 15 (1) deep trigon basin on upper molariforms.
Fig. 1 in New Early Cretaceous spalacotheriid "symmetrodont" mammal from Japan
Fig. 1. Topographic map showing the fossil locality (asterisk), in the valley of the Sugiyama−gawa River, Kitadani−cho, Katsuyama City, Fukui Prefecture, central Japan (topographic map "Echizenkatsuyama", Geographical Survey Institute of Japan).
Data from: Phylogeny, ecology and deep time: 2D outline analysis of anuran skulls from the Early Cretaceous to Recent
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Rates of morphological evolution are heterogeneous in Early Cretaceous birds
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Data from: A new specimen of large-bodied basal enantiornithine Bohaiornis from the early Cretaceous of China and the inference of feeding ecology in Mesozoic birds
A new specimen of Bohaiornis guoi from the Jiufotang Formation, comprising a nearly complete skeleton, sheds light on enantiornithine morphological variation and ecological specialization. The new specimen was collected from near Lamadong Village in Liaoning Province, which is the same area where the sub-adult holotype specimen was reported. It provides new information on the cranial and pectoral girdle anatomy of the species, e.g., broad nasal, strikingly robust acromion, medially curved acrocoracoid process. In contrast to the holotype, the newly referred specimen has small rounded stones in the thoracic region that in other extinct taxa has been interpreted as direct evidence of diet. Direct evidence of diet is so far unknown in other Enantiornithes. Specifically the lack of "stomach stones" or gastroliths in enantiornithines despite their excellent fossil record has been proposed to be related to their insectivorous diet as well as to their arboreal ecology. We hypothesize that cranial morphology as well as the number and shape of the preserved stones in Bohaiornis may be most consistent with a raptorial ecology previously unknown for Enantiornithes and considered rare for Avialae. While rostrum shape has a strong relationship to feeding ecology in living birds, in basal avialan birds most diversity is in dental morphology, number, and distribution of the teeth.
FIGURE 2 in A long snout enchodontid fish (Aulopiformes: Enchodontidae) from the Early Cretaceous deposits at the El Chango quarry, Chiapas, southeastern Mexico: A multi-approach study
FIGURE 2. Geological map and geographical localization of the El Chango quarry, Chiapas, Mexico.
Fig. 5 in Cearachelys, a New Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil
Fig. 5. Key to fig. 4.
Fig. 3 in Cearachelys, a New Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil
Fig. 3. Key to fig. 2.
Figures 2-5 from: Caterino MS, Maddison DR (2018) An early and mysterious histerid inquiline from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera, Histeridae). ZooKeys 733: 119-129. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.733.23126
Figures 2-5 Photographs of holotype. 2 Ventral view 3 Dorsal view 4 Lateral view 5 Frontal view.
Text-fig. 1: Topographical location of the Fukov gravel pit. in Fossils In Late Cretaceous To Early Palaeocene Flint Nodules Embedded In Pleistocene Glaciofluvial Sediments Near Fukov (Děčín District, Northern Bohemia)
Text-fig. 1: Topographical location of the Fukov gravel pit.
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