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3,206 results for “property (T)”
Sand transport processes change in response to changing atmospheric properties at higher elevations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data covering soil microbial carbon use efficiency and soil properties along an aridity gradient
<p>Data including experiment description, site geographic location, climate variables, soil microbial carbon use efficiency and soil properties along an aridity gradient.</p>
Optical and chemical properties of brown carbon aerosols at Fukue Island in 2019-2020
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
A combined experimental and theoretical approach to the electronic and magnetic properties of Cu-doped LaMnO3 perovskites
<p>Collected data in Origin file format of magnetic and cw-EPR measurements of LaMnO3, La2CuO4 and Cu-doped LaMnO3. Temperature and magnetic field dependent magnetization measurements have been carried out on a Quantum Design Physical Properties Measurement System (PPMS). Room temperature continuous wave EPR (cw-EPR) measurements at X-band (9.86 GHz) frequencies have been conducted with a Bruker B-ER420 spectrometer upgraded with Bruker ECS 041XG microwave bridge and a lock-in amplifier (Bruker ER023M) using Bruker TE102 resonator applying a modulation amplitude of 5 G, a modulation frequency of 100 kHz and an attenuation of 20 dB for the microwave bridge. The samples have been measured in quartz tubes of 2.9 mm outer diameter with a filling height of approx. 9 mm containing approx. 7 mg to 20 mg of the powdered sample. All spectra are background-corrected taking an empty quartz tube as reference.</p>
Data related to the publication "structure and transport properties of LiTFSI-based deep eutectic electrolytes from machine-learned interatomic potential simulations"
<p>Reference training and test datasets, trained ML potential models, and input scripts for the training (Allegro) and MD simulations (LAMMPS).</p>
Slip behaviors controlled by rheological and compositional properties of a two-phase mélange in subduction shear zone
<p>%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%</p> <p>mesh</p> <p>This is the mesh code for the percentage of block volume (or area in 2D) within the central mixture region, corresponding to 10%, 30%, 50%, and 60%.</p> <p>%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%</p> <p>0.005_0.2_10</p> <p>this is a typical creep case under the conditions of matrix viscosity of 10^19 Pa s , matrix RSF parameter (a-b) of 0.006 and block ratio of 10%</p> <p>circle_rho.m % the main code</p> <p>a_timestep.txt % save the timestep</p> <p>picture.m % Sample plotting code</p>
Supplementary material for: Cytotoxic properties of free and nano-encapsulated methanolic extracts of Ganoderma mushrooms
<p>These are data and supplementary materials for the manuscript "<span>Cytotoxic properties of free and nano-encapsulated methanolic extracts of <em>Ganoderma</em> mushrooms"</span></p>
Data from: A review of the defining chemical properties of soda lakes and pans: an assessment on a large geographic scale of Eurasian inland saline surface waters
The aim of this study is to evaluate the definition of water chemical type, with particular attention to soda brine characteristics by assessing ionic composition and pH values on a large geographic scale and broad salinity (TDS) range of Eurasian inland saline surface waters, in order to rectify the considerable confusion about the exact chemical classification of soda lakes and pans. Data on pH and on the concentration of eight major ions were compiled into a database drawn from Austria, China, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Serbia, and Turkey. The classification was primarily based on dominant ions exceeding an equivalent percentage of 25 (> 25e%) of the total cations or anions, and the e% rank of dominant ions was also identified. We identified four major types: waters dominated by (1) Na-HCO3 (10.0%), (2) Na-HCO3 + CO3 (31.4%), (3) Na-Cl (45.9%), and (4) Na-SO4 (12.7%), considering only the first ion by e% rank. These major types can be divided into 30 subtypes in the dataset, taking into account the e% rank of all dominant ions. The major and subtypes of soda brine can be divided into "Soda" and "Soda-Saline" types. "Soda type" when Na+ and HCO3– + CO32– are the first in the rank of dominant ions (> 25e%), and "Soda-Saline type" when Na+ is the first in the rank of dominant cations and the sum of HCO3– + CO32– concentration exceeds 25e%, but it is not the first in the rank of dominant anions. Soda-saline type can be considered as a separate evolutionary stage between Soda and Saline types respect to the geochemical interpretation by saturation indexes of brines. The obtained overlapping ranges in distribution demonstrate that a pH measurement alone is not a reliable indicator to classify the permanent alkaline "soda type" and various other types of temporary alkaline waters.
Freeze-tolerance of poleward-spreading mangrove species weakened by soil properties of resident salt marsh competitor
<p class="MsoCommentText"><b>1. Background</b>: Increasing temperatures associated with climate change are shifting plant species to higher latitudes. Soil communities could aid the plants' shift into novel areas by harbouring fewer soil-borne antagonists or more mutualists that influence the fitness and stress tolerance of the shifting species. Alternatively, they could contain novel antagonists or fewer mutualists. Thus, soil communities could positively or negatively affect plant range expansion, particularly if they influence plants' responses to climate, such as freeze tolerance, that feedback to affect expansion.</p> <p class="CxSpFirst"><b>2. Methods: </b>We used the northward range expansion of the black mangrove<i>,</i> <i>Avicennia germinans</i>, into a system dominated by marsh cordgrass, <i>Spartina alterniflora</i><i>, </i>in northern Florida, USA to study how the novel soil environment (i.e., <i>S. alterniflora</i> soil) affects mangrove fitness, susceptibility to cold stress, and the colonization of mutualist fungi. We quantified abundance of root mutualistic fungi in mixed marsh-mangrove habitat and conducted a laboratory experiment to test effects of steam-sterilized and live soils from <i>A. germinans </i>and <i>S. alterniflora</i> on the growth, condition, fungal colonization, and freeze tolerance of <i>A. germinans</i> seedlings.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>3. Results and Conclusions:</b> In the field, we found two times higher dark septate endophyte (DSE) colonization of <i>A. germinans</i> roots and three times higher fungal spore density in <i>A. germinans</i> soil compared to <i>S. alterniflora </i>roots and soil. In the laboratory experiment, seedlings in steamed <i>S. alterniflora</i> soil treatments had 50-65% survival after freezing, compared to 0% survival in treatments with live <i>S. alterniflora</i> soil. <i>A. germinans</i> live soil mixed with <i>S. alterniflora</i> steamed soil yielded <i>A. germinans</i> roots with the highest DSE colonization and seedlings with greater shoot biomass and lower root:shoot ratios. <i>S. alterniflora</i> live soil lowered the freeze tolerance of <i>A. germinans</i>, decreased mangrove survival, and depressed DSE colonization.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>4. Synthesis:</b> <i>S. alterniflora </i>soil could impede <i>A. germinans</i> establishment in salt marsh communities. As climate warming gradually allows <i>A. germinans</i> to displace <i>S. alterniflora</i>, the rhizosphere could become increasingly hospitable to <i>A. germinans</i>. Our work suggests the soil community associated with resident species mediates climatic stressors to affect expansion success. </p> <p class="CxSpFirst"> </p>
Catchment properties and the photosynthetic trait composition of freshwater plant communities
Unlike in land plants, photosynthesis in many aquatic plants relies on bicarbonate in addition to carbon dioxide (CO2) to compensate for the low diffusivity and potential depletion of CO2 in water. Concentrations of bicarbonate and CO2 vary greatly with catchment geology. In this study, we investigate whether there is a link between these concentrations and the frequency of freshwater plants possessing the bicarbonate use trait. We show, globally, that the frequency of plant species with this trait increases with bicarbonate concentration. Regionally, however, the frequency of bicarbonate use is reduced at sites where the CO2 concentration is substantially above the air equilibrium, consistent with this trait being an adaptation to carbon limitation. Future anthropogenic changes of bicarbonate and CO2 concentrations may alter the species compositions of freshwater plant communities.
Data from: Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Literacy Assessment in Spanish and development of a shortened form of the instrument
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Oral Health Literacy Assessment in Spanish (OHLA-S) for the Brazilian-Portuguese language using robust analysis and with the results disclose possibilities to develop a shorter and more valid instrument. Methods: OHLA-S is an oral health literacy instrument comprising a word recognition section and a comprehension section. It consists of 24 dental words. It was translated into the Brazilian-Portuguese language (OHLA-B) and its psychometric properties were evaluated in a random sample of 250 adults aged 20–59 years. To assess the dimensionality and factor structure were tested by means of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed using two indicators: Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega. Results: EFA and CFA demonstrated that the OHLA-B with 24 items did not present an adequate adjustment of the model, compromising its validity. In addition, reliability values at 0.50 for Cronbach's alpha and 0.67 for McDonald's omega were below the minimum acceptable rate of 0.70. As no support was found for the original structure, we decided to proceed with the withdrawal of individual items and successive reanalysis of the model until the indicators were adjusted in a shorter instrument. A new structure with 15 items produced an instrument with two dimensions and a better goodness of fit than the original instrument. The Alpha and Omega reliability index values increased to 0.83 and 0.80, respectively, and all scores were better in the OLHA-B with 15 items than in the instrument with 24 items. Conclusion: OLHA-B with the original structure composed by 24 items did not show acceptable construct validity. The shorter version with 15 items showed more promising results for assessing oral health literacy levels in the Brazilian population.
Data from: Vascular plants mediate the effects of aridity and soil properties on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea
An integrated perspective of the most important factors driving the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in natural ecosystems is lacking, especially in drylands. We evaluated how different climatic, abiotic, and nutrient-related factors determine AOA and AOB abundance in bare and vegetated microsites from grasslands throughout the Mediterranean Basin. We found a strong negative relationship between the abundance of AOA genes and soil fertility (availability of C, N, and P). Aridity and other abiotic factors (pH, sand content, and electrical conductivity) were more important than soil fertility in modulating the AOA/AOB ratio. AOB were more abundant under vegetated microsites, while AOA, highly resistant to stressful conditions, were more abundant in bare ground areas. These results suggest that AOA may carry out nitrification in less fertile microsites, while AOB predominate under more fertile conditions. Our results indicate that the influence of aridity and pH on the relative dominance of AOA and AOB genes is ultimately determined by local-scale environmental changes promoted by perennial vegetation. Thus, in spatially heterogeneous ecosystems such as drylands, there is a mutual exclusion and niche division between these microorganisms, suggesting that they may be functionally complementary.
Data from: Testing classical species properties with contemporary data: how 'bad species' in the brassy ringlets (Erebia tyndarus complex, Lepidoptera) turned good
All species concepts are rooted in reproductive, and ultimately genealogical, relations. Genetic data are thus the most important source of information for species delimitation. Current ease of access to genomic data and recent computational advances are blooming a plethora of coalescent-based species delimitation methods. Despite their utility as objective approaches to identify species boundaries, coalescent-based methods i) rely on simplified demographic models that may fail to capture some attributes of biological species, ii) do not make explicit use of the geographic information contained in the data, and iii) are often computationally intensive. In this paper we present a case of species delimitation in the Erebia tyndarus species complex, a taxon regarded as a classic example of problematic taxonomic resolution. Our approach to species delimitation used genomic data to test predictions rooted in the biological species concept and in the criterion of coexistence in sympatry. We 1) obtained RAD sequencing data from a carefully designed sample, 2) applied two genotype clustering algorithms to identify genetic clusters and 3) performed within-clusters and between-clusters analyses of isolation by distance (IBD) as a test for intrinsic reproductive barriers. Comparison of our results with those from a Bayes Factor Delimitation (BFD*) coalescent-based analysis, showed that coalescent-based approaches may lead to overconfident splitting of allopatric populations, and indicated that incorrect species delimitation is likely to be inferred when an incomplete geographic sample is analysed. While we acknowledge the theoretical justification and practical usefulness of coalescent-based species delimitation methods, our results stress that, even in the phylogenomic era, the toolkit for species delimitation should not dismiss more traditional, biologically grounded, approaches coupling genomic data with geographic information.
Data from: Disentangling the 'brown world' faecal-detritus interaction web: dung beetle effects on soil microbial properties
Many ecosystem services are sustained by the combined action of microscopic and macroscopic organisms, and shaped by interactions between the two. However, studies tend to focus on only one of these two components. We combined the two by investigating the impact of macrofauna on microbial community composition and functioning in the context of a major ecosystem process: the decomposition of dung. We compared bacterial communities of pasture soil and experimental dung pats inhabited by one (Aphodius), two (Aphodius and Geotrupes), or no dung beetle genera. Overall, we found distinct microbial communities in soil and dung samples, and that the communities converged over the course of the experiment. Characterising the soil microbial communities underlying the dung pats revealed a significant interactive effect between the microflora and macrofauna, where the diversity and composition of microbial communities was significantly affected by the presence or absence of dung beetles. The specific identity of the beetles had no detectable impact, but the microbial evenness was lower in the presence of both Aphodius and Geotrupes than in the presence of Aphodius alone. Differences in microbial community composition were associated with differences in substrate usage as measured by Ecoplates. Moreover, microbial communities with similar compositions showed more similar substrate usage. Our study suggests that the presence of macrofauna (dung beetles) will modify the microflora (bacteria) of both dung pats and pasture soil, including community diversity and functioning. In particular, the presence of dung beetles promotes the transfer of bacteria across the soil–dung interface, resulting in increased similarity in community structure and functioning. The results demonstrate that to understand how microbes contribute to the ecosystem process of dung decomposition, there is a need to understand their interactions with larger co-occurring fauna.
Structural modulation of π-conjugated linkers in D-π-A dyes based on Triphenylamine dicyanovinylene framework to explore the NLO properties
<p>A donor-π-acceptor type series of Triphenylamine-dicyanovinylene based chromophores (<b>DPMN1-DPMN11</b>) was designed theoretically by the structural tailoring of π-linkers to exploit changes in the optical properties and their NLO behaviour. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were employed to understand the electronic structures, absorption spectra, charge transfer phenomena and the influence of these structural modifications on NLO properties. Interestingly, all investigated chromophores exhibited lower band gap (2.22-2.60 <i>eV</i>) with broad absorption spectra in the visible region, reflecting the remarkable NLO response. Furthermore, natural Bond Orbital (NBO) findings revealed a strong push-pull mechanism in <b>DPMN1-DPMN11 </b>as donor and π-conjugates exhibited positive, while all acceptors showed negative values. Examination of electronic transitions from donor to acceptor moieties via π-conjugated linkers revealed greater linear (<<i>α</i>>=526.536-641.756 <i>a.u</i>) and non-linear (<i>β</i><sub>tot</sub> =51313.8-314412.661 <i>a.u</i>) response. It was noted that the chromophores containing imidazole in 2<sup>nd</sup> p-linker expressed greater hyperpolarizability when compared with the ones containing pyrrole. This study reveals that by controlling the type of π-spacers, interesting metal-free NLO materials can be designed, which can be valuable for the hi-tech NLO applications.</p>
Scaling and structural properties of juvenile bull kelp (Nereocystis luetkeana) Data
<p>Bull kelp (<i>Nereocystis luetkeana</i>), the only canopy-forming kelp in the Salish Sea, provides primary production in the nearshore subtidal environment and serves as important habitat for economically and ecologically important species. An annual species, each year juvenile bull kelp sporophytes must grow from the hydrodynamically more benign benthos to the water column, where they experience substantial drag at the surface. Because of the differences in morphology and ecology across life stages, and the fact that previous work has focused mainly on adult bull kelp, we tested whether morphology and structural properties change with stipe length, investigating scaling of both juvenile (stipe length <40 cm) and mature (stipe length > 40cm) kelp, and testing how juvenile stipes fail. Juvenile bull kelp grow proportionally (isometric growth) when young, but lengthen more quickly than would be predicted by bulb size (negative allometry) at maturity. Based on our data, the predicted breakpoint between isometric and allometric growth occurred at about 33 cm, likely ~ one to two weeks of growth. Cross sectional area of the stipe, Force to failure, Work to failure, and stiffness (Young's Modulus) all grow more slowly than would be predicted based on length, while Maximum Stress and Toughness increase more quickly than predicted. There is no change in extensibility over the size range we tested, suggesting that this material property does not change with stipe length. The differences in biomechanics between juvenile and adult kelp are likely a response to the varied hydrodynamic environments experienced during the annual lifecycle, which highlights the importance of studying organisms across life stages.</p>
The Impact of Drying and Rehydration on the Structural Properties and Quality Attributes of Pre-Cooked Dried Beans
<p>The data used for the figures of the journal article is uploaded here.</p>
Electronic properties of InAs/EuS/Al hybrid nanowires
<p>This includes the data and codes for generating the figures in "Electronic properties of InAs/EuS/Al hybrid nanowires"</p>
Effects of Application of Recycled Chicken Manure and Spent Mushroom Substrate on Organic Matter, Acidity, and Hydraulic Properties of Sandy Soils
<p>This study aimed at examining the effects of long-term application of<br> chicken manure (CM) and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on organic matter accumulation, acidity,<br> and hydraulic properties of soil. Two podzol soils with sandy texture in Podlasie Region (Poland)<br> were enriched with recycled CM (10 Mg ha1) and SMS (20 Mg ha1), respectively, every 1–2 years<br> for 20 years. The application of CM and SMS increased soil organic matter content at the depths<br> of 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm, especially at 0–20 cm (by 102–201%). The initial soil pH increased in<br> the CM- and SMS-amended soil by 1.7–2.0 units and 1.0–1.2 units, respectively. Soil bulk density at<br> comparable depths increased and decreased following the addition of CM and SMS, respectively.<br> The addition of CM increased field water capacity (at –100 hPa) in the range from 45.8 to 117.8%<br> depending on the depth within the 0–60 cm layer. In the case of the SMS addition, the value of the<br> parameter was in the range of 42.4–48.5% at two depths within 0–40 cm. Depending on the depth, CM<br> reduced the content of transmission pores (>50 m) in the range from 46.3 to 82.3% and increased the<br> level of residual pores (<0.5 m) by 91.0–198.6%. SMS increased the content of residual pores at the<br> successive depths by 121.8, 251.0, and 30.3% and decreased or increased the content of transmission<br> and storage pores. Additionally, it significantly reduced the saturated hydraulic conductivity at<br> two depths within 0–40 cm. The fitted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at two depths within the<br> 0–40 cm layer increased and decreased in the CM- and SMS-amended soils, respectively. The results<br> provide a novel insight into the application of recycled organic materials to sequester soil organic<br> matter and improve crop productivity by increasing soil water retention capacity and decreasing<br> acidity. This is of particular importance in the case of the studied low-productivity sandy acidic soils<br> that have to be used in agriculture due to limited global land resources and rising food demand.</p>
Data Set S1. Microplastic properties and Data Set S2. Sediment grain size
<p>The data for microplastic properties (including abundance, shape, colour, polymer type and size) and sediment grain size (including the grain size and the content of clay, silt and sand) in Core CCYY1.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.