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Fig. 10 in Epigean And Hypogean Freshwater Shrimps Of Bohol Island, Central Philippines (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 10. Caridina batuan, new species: A, cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view; B, telson; C, distal portion of telson; D, first pereiopod; E, second pereiopod; F, third pereiopod; G, dactylus of third pereiopod; H, fifth pereiopod; I, dactylus of fifth pereiopod; J, uropodal diaeresis. Scale bars: A, B = 1 mm; C = 0.2 mm, D–F, H = 0.5 mm; G, I, J = 0.1 mm (female, cl 3.0 mm, holotype, USC, Cave Kalumpan, Batuan).

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Fig. 2 in Epigean And Hypogean Freshwater Shrimps Of Bohol Island, Central Philippines (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 2. Caridina lobocensis, new species: A, cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view; B, scaphocerite; C, mandible; D, maxillula; E, maxilla; F, first maxilliped; G, second maxilliped; H, third maxilliped. Scale bars: A = 2 mm, B–H = 1 mm (female, cl 6.9 mm, Paratype, ZRC, Philippines).

Fig. 8 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 8. Distributions map of S. testudinaria and S. kawaluensis new species in Java: S. testudinaria is indicated by black spot, S. kawaluensis new species is indicated by star.

Fig. 4 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 4. Radular morphology: A–B, SEM images of a radular fragment of S. kawaluensis new species, showing central, lateral, marginal teeth: A, view from above; B, anterior viewed at 45° showing the shape of radular denticles. C–D, SEM images of radular fragment of S. testudinaria showing central, lateral, marginal teeth: C, view from above; D, anterior viewed at 45° showing the shape of radular denticles. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Fig. 7 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 7. Comparison of shells by parameters of length and shell width of S. kawaluensis new species (n = 36) and S.testudinaria (n = 18), both species from Cibangbay river.

Fig. 6 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 6. Embryonic shells from brood pouches: A, B, S. kawaluensis new species; C, D, S. testudinaria. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 3. External and internal morphology of S. kawaluensis new species: A, coiling animal; B, detail stomach. Abbreviations: cr, crescent folds; ct, crescent thickenings;dg, digestive gland; dgd, digestive gland duct; gp, gastric pad; lf, lateral fold; me, mantle edge; msc, columella muscle; sa, sorting area; sl, sole; ss, opening to style sac; stm, stomach. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 1. Shell morphology of Sulcospira sulcospira, S. pisum, and S. testudinaria: A, holotype S. sulcospira (ZMZ 522306); B, lectotype of Melania pisum MHNG, Brot collection (Java); C, paralectotype of M. pisum, MHNG, Brot collection (Java); D–F, S. testudinaria: (D, MZB Gst.15.062; E, MZB.Gst.15.479; F, MZB Gst.15.481). Abbreviations: ZMZ, Zoologiches Museum der Universität Zürich; MHNG, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Genève. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Fig. 2 in The Freshwater Snail Genus Sulcospira Troschel, 1857 From Java, With Description Of A New Species From Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pachychilidae)

Fig. 2. Shell and operculum of S. kawaluensis new species: A–C, holotype (MZB Gst.15.059); D, operculum of a paratype; E–G, paratypes (MZB Gst.8.545). Scale bar = 10 mm.

Fig. 7 in Mugilogobius hitam, a new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Gobiidae) from Lake Towuti, central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 7. Sensory papillae rows on head of Mugilogobius hitam, new species, ZRC 54209, 42.5 mm SL female paratype (scales indicated only). A, lateral view; B, dorsal view.

Fig. 8 in Mugilogobius hitam, a new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Gobiidae) from Lake Towuti, central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 8. Diagram of papillae rows on body and caudal fin of Mugilogobius hitam, new species, QM I.391271, 36.5 mm SL male paratype (scales omitted).

Fig. 5. Mugilogobius hitam, new species. A, MZB 21456 in Mugilogobius hitam, a new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Gobiidae) from Lake Towuti, central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 5. Mugilogobius hitam, new species. A, MZB 21456, holotype, 43 mm SL male (photograph by S. Hüllen); B, ZRC 54209, paratype, 42.5 mm SL female (right side reversed) (photograph by H. H. Tan).

Fig. 1 in Mugilogobius hitam, a new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Gobiidae) from Lake Towuti, central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 1. Map of the Malili Lakes in Sulawesi. The type locality of Mugilogobius hitam, new species, is denoted by an asterisk (modified Map © T. von Rintelen).

Fig. 2 in Mugilogobius hitam, a new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Gobiidae) from Lake Towuti, central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 2. Type locality of Mugilogobius hitam, new species, at northern Lake Towuti, east of the mouth of Tominanga river (photograph by H.-G. Evers).

Fig. 53 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 53. Strict consensus tree (length = 57 steps, CI = 0.63, RI = 0.69) of 12 equally most parsimonious trees (length = 53 steps, CI = 0.65, RI = 0.72) obtained with phylogenetic analysis performed with matrix in table 7 (with pelagic stingrays experimentally coded as a single terminal, Myliobatidae). See appendix 2 for further details.

Fig. 51 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 51. Tree resulting from our phylogenetic analysis of myliobatiforms, showing placement of two early Eocene stingray taxa from the Monte Bolca Formation of northeastern Italy (fossils presented in fig. 49). These taxa allow for the timing of divergence events between the node that gives rise to †Heliobatis and the node that contains gymnurids and myliobatids; the groups derived directly from the main stem of the phylogeny between these nodes must have originated at least by the early Eocene (roughly 50 mya). See figure 48 for geographical distribution of terminal taxa.

Fig. 52 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 52. Maps showing the distribution of the continents and the extent of their coastlines (in darker line) from Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) to middle Eocene, spanning some 25 million years (modified from Smith et al., 1994). Arrowheads indicate the extent of marine incursions (epicontinental seaways) into South America from the north (the protoCaribbean/eastern Pacific region) during these intervals. Mya = million years ago.

Fig. 49 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 49. Fossil stingrays from the marine early Eocene Monte Bolca deposits of northeastern Italy. A. †Promyliobatis gazolae (MCSNV VII B 90), a myliobatid. B. †''Dasyatis'' muricata (MCSNV VII B 92), a whiptailed stingray. The phylogenetic positions of both taxa are shown in figure 51.

Fig. 46 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 46. Previous morphological phylogenies of stingrays (Myliobatiformes). A. Nishida (1990). B. Lovejoy (1996) and McEachran et al. (1996). Nishida's analysis contained many species, and what is shown is only a summary of his scheme (e.g., Trygonoptera was shown nested within Urolophus). The trees of Lovejoy and McEachran et al. originally differed in relation to the taxa included (see text) but are summarized here identically for simplicity without altering the pattern of relationships that they obtained.

Fig. 45 in Freshwater Stingrays Of The Green River Formation Of Wyoming (Early Eocene), With The Description Of A New Genus And Species And An Analysis Of Its Phylogenetic Relationships (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Fig. 45. Five subgroups of trees showing the different phylogenetic positions of †Asterotrygon that result once uncertainty concerning the relationships among dasyatid genera is eliminated from the minimumlength trees obtained in this study (based on matrix in table 5; strict consensus in fig. 43). †Asterotrygon pairs with urolophids in the subgroups depicted in C–E, representing 21 of the 35 equally most parsimonious trees (see text for details).