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Figure 31 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 31. Sequential frames (25 FPS video, not consecutive) showing a male Jotus remus making a first (1-4) and then a second (5-9) rapid swing of a paddle in front of a female on the opposite side of a leaf, then quickly flipping to the top of the leaf (10-11) to mount that female (12-16). White arrows indicate the position of the paddle during each rapid swing.
Figure 33 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 33. Sequential frames (25 FPS, not consecutive) showing a female Jotus remus on top of a leaf turning to follow the rapid forward and slower rearward movement of the male's paddle (1-10). With the female watching the male raised one paddle (11) to complete a rapid swing in front of the female (12-13), briefly vibrated (14-16), completed a second rapid swing of the paddle (17-18), vibrated (19-20), and finally flipped quickly around to the top of the leaf to join the female (21-24). Both rapid swings of the paddle were completed in little more than half of a second.
Figure 32 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 32. Sequential frames (25 FPS video, not consecutive) showing a male Jotus remus raising one paddle (1-2), quickly moving the paddle forward (3), moving the paddle more slowly through a series of increments to the rear in view of a female beneath the leaf (4-9), vibrating (11-12), making one rapid swing of the paddle (13-14), vibrating (15-18), making a second rapid swing of the paddle (19-21), vibrating (22-26), and finally quickly dashing beneath the leaf to mate with the female (27-30). As also shown in Figure 32, the two rapid swings of the paddle were completed in about half a second.
Figure 28 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 28. Sequential frames (25 FPS video, not consecutive) showing intermittent display of the paddle by a male Jotus remus. Note the attention of the female to the paddle when it was displayed. Paddle display alternated with vibration (3, 7-8).
Figure 27 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 27. Sequential frames (25 FPS video, not consecutive) showing display of the paddle by a male Jotus remus. 2-6, Here both paddles were displayed at the same time.
Figure 26 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 26. Photographs of display by a male Jotus remus. 1, Male on opposite side of a leaf from a female. In this position males engaged in vibration display. 2, Male displaying paddle to female beneath a leaf. 3, Male displaying to a female on top of a leaf. 4-6, 7-10, 11-14, Three sequences of paddle display by males.
Figure 25 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 25. Sequential frames (25 FPS video, not consecutive) showing display of the paddle of one leg III by a male Jotus remus. Note the attention of the female on top of the leaf. At times (5) this display was interrupted and the female turned away.
Figure 8 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 8. The five male types for Jotus remus. The holotype (♂ #5) was lighter with a heavier cover of scales and setae. This may be due to the recent molt of this spider. A broad lateral band extends only from the rear of the eye region to the rear in this species. Other than a general appearance quite similar to that of other Jotus, the prominent prolateral to retrolateral paddle associated with modifications of the metatarsus and tarsus of legs III is distinctive for this unusual species.
Figure 22 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 22. Photographs showing the visual courtship display of male Jotus remus in front of a female. 2, The female (at left) watched the male.
Figure 20 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 20. Behaviours associated with the courtship display of male Jotus remus (sequential but not consecutive frames from a 25 FPS video). 1, The male displayed directly in front of the female at a distance, with legs I elevated and extended. 2-5, With the female on the underside of a leaf, the male vibrated in place by moving legs I up and down rapidly while bobbing the opisthosoma. 6-7, The male waved one extended leg where the paddle could be observed by the female beneath the leaf.
Figure 19 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 19. Emergent (second instar) young of Jotus remus (1-6), Maratus personatus (7-9), M. pardus (10), and M. volans (11- 12). 7-12, After Otto & Hill (2014, 2015). Maratus juveniles are much more compact.
Figure 3 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 3. Adult Jotus frosti males photographed on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, by Jürgen C. Otto (28 OCT 2015). This impressive species is readily identified by the transverse band of white setae across the front of each pedipalp, the dark iridescent anterior femur I (2), and the combination of long black setae above and long white setae below each femur I.
Figure 2 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 2. Adult male Jotus auripes from Sydney. As viewed from above this type species for the genus Jotus is quite unremarkable and typical of males of this genus. From the front, however, the long iridescent setae of the pedipalps and the bright red-orange setae that cover the femora of legs I and II are distinctive. The female J. auripes is known but has not been formally described (Otto & Hill 2012a, 2012b).
Figure 6 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 6. Undescribed male Jotus found near Denmark in Western Australia. This species has a distinct middorsal stripe on the opisthosoma, dark fringes under the femur, tibia, and metatarsus of legs I, and widely separated white stripes on the posterodorsal carapace. In most respects it is quite similar to the Jotus species that have been described from southeastern Australia.
Figure 1 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 1 (continued on next page). 1-6, Drawings that accompanied the original descriptions of five Jotus species.
Figure 21 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 21. Three sequences showing the visual courtship display of male Jotus remus in front of a female (sequential but not consecutive frames from a 25 FPS video). Subtle movement of legs I and side-to-side movement of the body relative to the previous frame is highlighted with arrows.
Figure 10 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 10. Details of living male Jotus remus. 1, Above the dark red-orange fangs can be seen fringes of brown setae projecting from each distal paturon. 2, Eye region of holotype male, covered with off-white to red-brown setae. 3, Right legs I- III. Note the light colour of tarsus I and the fringes of short but stout off-white setae associated with the tarsi of legs I and II. 4, Tarsus IV also has anterior and posterior fringes of stout, off-white setae. Note the erect spines associated with an increase of internal hydrostatic pressure as this spider prepared for a jump. Normally (5) these are not erect. 5-7, The anterior spinnerets are black and glabrous, usually covered by the setose posterior pair (6). Note the release of a dragline from an anterior spinneret (7). 8-11, Views of the distal right (8-9, 11) and left (10) leg III. Prominent anterior and posterior fringes form a paddle-like structure. The articulation of the metatarsus and tarsus is very narrow, and the tarsus is flattened somewhat.
Figure 5. A in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 5. A different undescribed Jotus male from Barrington Tops National Park. The difference between this male and the one shown in Figure 4 may be in part due to wear, but this male is much darker without evident banding of the legs, and without white setae on metatarsus I. Differences between Jotus species may be quite subtle.
Figure 4 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 4. Undescribed Jotus male (1-4) and a Jotus (conspecific?) female (5-6) photographed at Barrington Tops National Park, New South Wales, by Jürgen C. Otto (1 NOV 2015). This male has a prominent black brush beneath tibia I, but no special ornamentaion of the pedipalps. The pattern of scales on the carapace and opisthosoma is close to that of J. frosti and J. remus.
Figure 24 in Males of a new species of Jotus from Australia wave a paddle-shaped lure to solicit nearby females (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Figure 24. Sequential frames (25 FPS video, not consecutive) showing alternation between paddle and vibration display by a male Jotus remus on top of a leaf. The female can be seen in outline below this leaf. 1-3, 12-14, Display of the paddle by extending it over the edge of the leaf. 4-11, 15, Vibration display. Arrows indicate position of legs I
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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