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Supplementary materials - Taxonomic status of the Neotropical salamanders Bolitoglossa altamazonica and Bolitoglossa peruviana (Amphibia: Caudata: Plethodontidae), with the description of a new species from Northern Peru

Supplementary materials for article Taxonomic status of the Neotropical salamanders Bolitoglossa altamazonica and Bolitoglossa peruviana (Amphibia: Caudata: Plethodontidae), with the description of a new species from Northern Peru JUAN C. CUSI, GIUSSEPE GAGLIARDI-URRUTIA, ISABELA CARVALHO-BRCKO, DAVID B. WAKE, & RUDOLF VON MAY Supplementary FIGURE S1 - S12, Supplementary TABLE S1 - S6

Fig. 7. A, C in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 7. A, C. First and second dimensions of the Multidimensional scaling on the proximity scores from the randomForest analysis of adult males of Pseudopaludicola coracoralinae sp. nov. from the type locality (red dots) and P. facureae Andrade & Carvalho, 2013 from the type locality (blue dots). A. Morphometric traits. C. Acoustic traits. Each dot represents an adult male. The circles around the dots represent how males were classified. B, D. Dotcharts of variable importance score as indicated by the randomForest analysis. B. Morphometric traits. D. Acoustic traits.

Fig. 6. A in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 6. A. Oscillogram of the entire advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola coracoralinae sp. nov. with the introductory notes followed by three series of tonal notes. B. Audiospectrogram (top) and corresponding oscillogram (bottom) detailing three notes. The male was recorded on 8 November 2016 at 18:08 h; air temperature 26°C, water temperature 29°C; recording_label: Pseudop_ coracoralinaePalmeirasGoiasGO5cFSA_AAGmt.

Fig. 3 in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 3. Maximum likelihood tree recovered for the phylogenetic relationships of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 based on the 12S rRNA, tRNA-val and 16S rRNA mitochondrial genes. Numbers near the nodes are bootstrap values and black dots represent bootstrap = 100; support below species level is not shown.

Fig. 2. A in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 2. A. First and second dimensions of the Multidimensional scaling on the proximity scores from the randomForest analysis considering acoustic traits of adult males of Pseudopaludicola canga Giaretta & Kokubum, 2003 from the type locality (red dots), P. parnaiba Roberto, Cardozo & Ávila, 2013 from the type locality (green dots), Pseudopaludicola sp. 3 sensu Veiga-Menoncello et al. 2014 (blue dots) and P. canga from TO (purple dots). Each dot represents an adult male. The circles around the dots represent how males were classified. B. Dotcharts of variable importance score considering acoustic traits as indicated by the randomForest analysis.

Fig. 1 in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 1. Partial map of South America showing the Brazilian domains and samples of the species included in our molecular, morphological and acoustic comparisons. The type localities of the species are indicated with stars: Pseudopaludicola coracoralinae sp. nov. in Palmeiras de Goiás, GO (red star), P. facureae Andrade & Carvalho, 2013 in Uberlândia, MG (blue star), P. canga Giaretta & Kokubum, 2003 in Marabá, PA (yellow star) and P. parnaiba Roberto, Cardozo & Ávila, 2013 in Ribeiro Gonçalves, PI (green star). Municipalities: 1 = Barreirinhas (MA); 2 = Santo Amaro do Maranhão (MA); 3 = Aragominas (TO); 4 = Palmas (TO); 5 = Mateiros (TO); 6 = São Desidério (BA). Veiga-Menoncello et al. (2014) first noticed a taxonomic unit which they called as Pseudopaludicola sp. 3 from Barreirinhas, MA. Since then it has been treated as a species not yet formally described. It is represented here as P. canga from the localities 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 4. Pseudopaludicola coracoralinae sp. nov., holotype (ZUEC 24704, SVL = 13.1 mm), an adult ♂ from Palmeiras de Goiás, GO, Brazil. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Head, lateral view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Right hand, ventral view. F. Right foot, ventral view. Scale bar (only for C, D, E, F) = 5 mm.

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PLATE 10 in On the taxonomical status of Acanthopsyche semiglabra Solyanikov with notes on morphology and distribution of Acanthopsyche ecksteini (Lederer) (Lepidoptera Psychidae)

PLATE 10. Distribution of Acanthopsyche ecksteini within Eurasia.

Figure 6 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Figure 6 Observed distribution of coherent available records of Tremoctopus violaceus (dots) and T. gracilis (triangles) based on material examined by Thomas (1977) (red dots and green triangles), records contained in OBIS (2020) database and published records by Quetglas et al. (2013) and Almeida-Tubino et al. (2010) (yellow dots and blue triangles). Map prepared using Ocean Data View software (Schlitzer 2016).

Figure 4 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Figure 4 Photographic record of A upper and lower beak B radula, seven teeth and two marginal plates per transverse row are appreciated. On the approach (bottom right) rachidian teeth tricuspid with an A2 seriation is observed. For beak dimensions see Table 1. Scale bars:1 mm (B).

Figure 5 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Figure 5 Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on 16S sequences showing the relationships of Tremoctopus violaceus. Only bootstrap values above 90 are shown. Records from the Hawaiian Islands and South Korea–Japan were likely misidentified and correspond to T. gracilis.

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Supplementary material 1 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Data resources

Figure 3 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Figure 3 Photographic record of the Tremoctopus violaceus fresh specimen (135 mm ML) highlighting relevant characters for its taxonomic determination A, B dorsal and ventral view; arms unequal in length; one web between the four dorsal arms; two pairs of cephalic water pores, one pair located on dorsal surface of the head, slightly anterior to eyes at the base of first arms C second pair located ventrally, adjacent to funnel opening, at base of fourth arms; eyes large, laterally directed; funnel extends beyond eye level, distal one quarter free D bioluminescent tissue E biserial suckers on arms decreasing in size towards the distal portion F nuchal folds. To see the character dimensions, see Table 1. Scale bars: 10 cm (A–C).

Figure 1 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Figure 1 Observed distribution of Tremoctopus violaceus in Gulf of Mexico and adjacent areas based on Thomas (1977) (red dots), records contained in OBIS (2020) data base (yellow dots), and the new record from the southwestern Gulf of Mexico (present study; pink dot). Map prepared using Ocean Data View software (Schlitzer 2016).

Figure 2 from: Jiménez-Badillo ML, Meiners-Mandujano C, Galindo-Cortes G, Morillo-Velarde PS, González-Gómez R, Barriga-Sosa IA, Pliego-Cárdenas R (2021) The first record of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto Delle Chiaje,1830 in southwestern Gulf of Mexico gives a hint of the taxonomic status of Tremoctopus gracilis. ZooKeys 1012: 55-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1012.55718

Figure 2 Photographic record of the Tremoctopus violaceus specimen (135 mm ML) in natural environment highlighting relevant characters for its taxonomic determination A ventral water pore B–D web of dorsal arms coiled on the ventral side and deployed when female was feeling threatened E egg mass F web displaying an iridescent greenish glow and a reddish brown color G–I evidence of autotomy: segments detached from interbrachial membrane showing slender arm, part of the connective tissue, circulatory system and chromatophores pattern characteristic of the species.

FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic status of Ve i t h i a Oudemans, 1941 and redescriptions of two species described by Oudemans (Acari: Smarididae)

FIGURE 5. Fessonia assmuthi (Oudemans, 1941). Handwritten notes by Oudemans.

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic status of Ve i t h i a Oudemans, 1941 and redescriptions of two species described by Oudemans (Acari: Smarididae)

FIGURE 4. Fessonia assmuthi (Oudemans, 1941). Original drawing by Oudemans.

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic status of Ve i t h i a Oudemans, 1941 and redescriptions of two species described by Oudemans (Acari: Smarididae)

FIGURE 1. Fessonia schneideri (Oudemans, 1941). Original drawing by Oudemans.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic status of Ve i t h i a Oudemans, 1941 and redescriptions of two species described by Oudemans (Acari: Smarididae)

FIGURE 2. Fessonia schneideri (Oudemans, 1941) Handwritten notes by Oudemans.