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512 results for “Activity pattern”
Cochlear activity in silent cue-target intervals shows a theta-rhythmic pattern and is correlated to attentional alpha and theta modulations
<p>Preprocessed data and analysis-scripts needed to reproduce the figures and statistics of the paper "Cochlear activity in silent cue-target intervals shows a theta-rhythmic pattern and is correlated to attentional alpha and theta modulations".</p>
Movement patterns and activity levels are shaped by the neonatal environment in Antarctic fur seal pups
<p>All data for the article "Movement patterns and activity levels are shaped by the neonatal environment in Antarctic fur seal pups", published in Scientific Reports.</p> <p>Both the raw data (csv files labelled with individual ID) and the collated data (allData.csv, data5min.csv, furSeals_finalData.csv) are provided. Please see the “README.txt” file for more information on what each raw data file contains. The RMarkddown.pdf includes all code used in the manuscript. If you have any further questions, please don’t hesitate to contact me (Rebecca Nagel) at renagel2@gmail.com.</p>
Fig. 1 in Habitat Preferences And Activity Patterns Of The Larger Mammal Community In Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary, Cambodia
Fig. 1. Locations of camera-traps within Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary, eastern Cambodia.
Temporal mismatches in flight activity patterns between Pipistrellus kuhlii and Prays oleae in Mediterranean olive farms: Implications for biocontrol services potential
<ol> <li>Biocontrol services are widely recognized as providing key incentives for bat conservation. However, we have virtually no information on whether and how disruptions in bat-mediated biocontrol services are driven by mismatches between the temporal activity patterns of insectivorous bats and insect pests.</li> <li>2. We investigated the temporal relationship between the nightly activity patterns of the common pipistrelle bat (<em>Pipistrellus</em> <em>kuhlii</em>) and the olive fruit moth (<em>Prays</em> <em>oleae</em>). Temporal mismatches between species pairs were estimated as the time difference (expressed as a percentage of the night) at which <em>P. kuhlii </em>and<em> P. oleae</em> reached 50% of their abundance.</li> <li>The study was carried out during spring, summer, and fall between 2017 and 2019 in 60 olive farms representing increasing levels of structural simplification (as a surrogate of agricultural intensification). Olive farms were classified as exhibiting high (i.e., HIGH olive farms; n = 27), intermediate (MID; n = 18), and low (LOW; n = 15) structural complexity. </li> <li>Temporal mismatches between the activity levels of<em> P. kuhlii </em>and<em> P. oleae</em> varied between seasons and types of olive farms, being comparatively lower in summer than in spring and fall. Furthermore, summer was the only season in which temporal mismatches between species pairs differed between types of olive farms, with higher temporal mismatches found in LOW than in HIGH and MID olive farms.</li> <li>Overall, our work demonstrates the existence of temporal mismatches between the nightly activity patterns of <em>P. kuhlii </em>and<em> P. oleae</em>. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the structural simplification of olive farms increases temporal mismatches between species pairs, particularly in summer when bat-mediated biocontrol services are most needed.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>. Future research should consider mismatches between the temporal activity patterns of insectivorous bats and insect pests. Otherwise, the actual impact of agricultural intensification on bat-mediated biocontrol services as well as the economic impact of their loss on the agriculture industry might be underestimated. To enhance biocontrol services, we propose increasing the availability of suitable roosting and foraging sites as well as conserving areas of remnant native woodland and scattered hollow-bearing trees.</li> </ol>
Spatial patterns and effects of invasive plants on soil microbial activity and diversity along river corridors - raw data
<p>Dataset for the study</p> <p><strong><span>Spatial patterns and effects of invasive plants on soil microbial activity and diversity along river corridors</span></strong></p> <ol> <li>environmental variables of the research plots</li> <li>vascular plant species composition of the research plots</li> <li>mcirobial activity on the research plots</li> <li>CLPP profiles of the research plots</li> </ol>
Wildlife Diversity and the Impact of Human Disturbance on Activity Patterns: A Case Study of the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China
<p>This version updates the dataset to reflect revised analyses in the resubmitted manuscript to Ecology and Evolution.</p> <p><strong>Title:</strong><br><strong>Data and Code for "Wildlife Diversity and the Impact of Human Disturbance on Activity Patterns: A Case Study of the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China"</strong></p> <p><strong>Description:</strong><br>This dataset contains the raw data and R scripts used to generate specific figures in the manuscript <em>"Wildlife Diversity and the Impact of Human Disturbance on Activity Patterns: A Case Study of the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China,"</em> submitted to <em>Ecology and Evolution</em>. The data were collected from infrared camera traps deployed in the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China, between 2019 and 2022. The dataset includes species detection records, timestamps, and information relevant to assessing the effects of human disturbance on wildlife activity patterns.</p> <p>The accompanying R scripts facilitate data processing, statistical analyses, and figure generation, enabling reproduction of the key results. This dataset may be useful for researchers interested in spatiotemporal wildlife monitoring, human-wildlife interactions, and disturbance ecology.</p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <ul> <li>raw data (Excel format, <code>.xlsx</code>)</li> <li>R scripts for data analysis and figure generation of <strong>Figures 3-5</strong> (from the raw data file "raw data.xlsx") (Text format, .doc).</li> <li> <p><strong>Figure 1</strong>: Created using <span>ArcMap 10.8 software</span> and Photoshop software. <span>ArcMap 10.8 software </span>was used for processing spatial data and map creation, while Photoshop was used for post-processing and image enhancement.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Figure 2 and Appendix Figure. A1</strong>: Designed and modified using Photoshop software.</p> </li> </ul>
Data from: Influence of Check Dams on the Activity Pattern and Morphometric Traits of Overwintering Tadpoles in the Western Himalaya
<p>Dataset for the paper: Influence of Check Dams on the Activity Pattern and Morphometric Traits of Overwintering Tadpoles in the Western Himalaya. See readme.txt for details.</p>
Cross-kingdom interactions and functional patterns of active microbiota matter in governing deadwood decay
<p>Microbial community members are the primary microbial colonizers and active decomposers of deadwood. This study placed sterilized standardized beech and spruce sapwood specimens on the forest ground of 8 beech- and 8 spruce-dominated forest sites. After 370 days, specimens were assessed for mass loss, nitrogen (N) content and <sup><span>15</span></sup><span>N</span> isotopic signature, <span>hydrolytic and lignin-modifying enzyme activities. Each </span>specimen <span>was </span>incubated with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to label <span>metabolically active fungal and bacterial community members, which were assessed using an amplicon sequencing. Fungal saprotrophs colonized the deadwood accompanied by a distinct bacterial community that was capable of cellulose degradation, aromatic depolymerisation, and N<sub>2</sub> fixation. The latter were governed by the genus <em>Sphingomonas</em>, which was co-present with the majority of saprotrophic fungi regardless of whether beech or spruce specimens were decayed. Moreover, the richness of the diazotrophic </span><span><em>Allorhizobium</em>-<em>Neorhizobium</em>-<em>Pararhizobium</em>-<em>Rhizobium</em></span><span> group were significantly correlated with mass loss, N content and <sup>15</sup>N isotopic signature. In contrast, presence of obligate predator <em>Bdellovibrio</em> spp. shifted bacterial community composition and were linked to decreased beech deadwood decay rates. Our study provides the first account of the composition and function of metabolically active wood-colonising bacterial and fungal communities, highlighting cross-kingdom interactions during the early and intermediate stages of wood decay.</span></p>
Age-specific activation patterns and inter-subject similarity during verbal working-memory maintenance and Cognitive Reserve
<p>Cognitive Reserve, according to a recent consensus definition of the NIH-funded Reserve and Resilience collaboratory (<a href="https://reserveandresilience.com/">https://reserveandresilience.com/</a>), is constituted by any mechanism contributing to cognitive performance beyond, or interacting with, brain structure in the widest sense. To identity multivariate activation patterns fulfilling this postulate, we investigated a verbal Sternberg fMRI task and imaged 181 people with age coverage in the ranges 20-30 (44 participants) and 55-70 (137 participants). Beyond task performance, participants were characterized in terms of demographics, and neuropsychological assessments of vocabulary, episodic memory, perceptual speed, and abstract fluid reasoning. Participants studied an array of either 1, 3, or 6 upper-case letters for 3 seconds (=encoding phase), then a blank fixation screen was presented for 7 seconds (=maintenance phase), to be probed with a lower-case letter to which they responded with a differential button press whether the letter was part of the studied array or not (=retrieval phase). We focused on identifying maintenance-related activation patterns showing memory-load increases in pattern score on an individual-participant level for both age groups. We found such a pattern that increased with memory load for all but one person in the young participants (p<0.001), and such a pattern for all participants in the older group (p<0.001). Both patterns showed broad topographic similarities; however, relationships to task performance and neuropsychological characteristics were markedly different and point to individual differences in Cognitive Reserve. Beyond the derivation of group-level activation patterns, we also investigated the inter-subject spatial similarity of individual working-memory rehearsal patterns in the older participants' group as a function of neuropsychological and task performance, education and mean cortical thickness. Higher task accuracy and neuropsychological function was reliably associated with higher inter-subject similarity of individual-level activation patterns in older participants.</p>
Three-dimensional stratification pattern in an old-growth lowland forest: how does height in canopy and season influence temperate bat activity?
<p class="PaperLauftext">The study of animal-habitat interactions is of primary importance for the formulation of conservation recommendations. Flying, gliding and climbing animals have the ability to exploit their habitat in a three-dimensional way and the vertical canopy structure in forests plays an essential role for habitat suitability. Forest bats as flying mammals may seasonally shift their microhabitat use due to differing energy demands or changing prey availability, but the patterns are not well understood.</p> <p>We investigated three-dimensional and seasonal habitat use by insectivorous bats in a temperate lowland old-growth forest, the <i>Belovezhskaya Pushcha</i> in Belarus. We acoustically sampled broadleaved and mixed coniferous plots in the forest interior and in gaps in three heights during two reproductive periods (pregnancy/lactation versus post-lactation). In canopy gaps, vertical stratification in bat activity was less pronounced than in the forest interior. Vertical activity patterns differed among species. The upper canopy levels were important foraging habitats for the open-space forager guild and for some edge-space foragers like the Barbastelle bat <i>Barbastella barbastellus</i> and the soprano pipistrelle <i>Pipistrellus pygmaeus</i>. <i>Myotis</i> species had highest activity levels near the ground in forest gaps. Moreover, we found species-dependent seasonal microhabitat shifts. Generally, all species and species groups considered except <i>Myotis</i> species showed higher activity levels during post-lactation. <i>Myotis</i> species tended towards higher activity in the forest interior during post-lactation. <i>P. pygmaeus</i> switched from high activity levels in the upper canopy during pregnancy and lactation to high activity levels near the ground during post-lactation. We conclude that a full comprehension of forest bat habitat use is only possible when height in canopy and seasonal patterns are considered.</p>
Active season body mass patterns of Little Brown Bats and Northern Myotis: Raw and fitted mass values, environmental conditions and inflection point estimates
<p><span>Animals are expected to adjust their behavioural patterns to improve fitness outcomes, such as fecundity or offspring survival. For long-lived hibernators, decisions made in each annual cycle may reflect considerations not just for concurrent survival and reproduction, but also the pressure to maximize overwinter survival and future reproductive success. We examined how these elements manifest themselves in the body mass variation patterns of North American northern latitude temperate bats, whose size and roosting habits present considerable monitoring challenges. We characterized and compared the summer and fall mass variation patterns of little brown myotis (<em>Myotis lucifugus</em>) and northern myotis (<em>M. septentrionalis</em></span><span>) from a historic dataset. In summer, the estimated date of parturition was strongly associated with spring foraging conditions (low wind, low precipitation, warm temperatures), and mass gain associated with female reproduction conferred considerable differentiation between the mass variation patterns of females and males. In fall, differences were most apparent among species, although adults exhibited a greater capacity for rapid mass gain than juveniles. These results demonstrate how reproductive constraints and interannual survival have important influences on the behaviour of temperate bats. Future work should seek to quantify the fitness benefits of patterns identified in this study, such as the rate of prehibernation mass gain.</span></p>
Data from: Empirically testing the influence of light regime on diel activity patterns in a marine predator reveals complex interacting factors shaping behaviour
<p>Diel cycles in marine predator diving behaviour centre around the light-mediated diel vertical migration (DVM) of prey, and are considered critical for optimizing foraging and limiting competition across global seascapes. Yet our understanding of predator diel behaviour is based primarily on examining relative depth usage between constant day/night cycles with no formal investigation of how varying light regimes interact with abiotic factors to shape diel activity. The extreme seasonal light regimes (midnight sun, polar night, day/night cycle) in the Arctic provide a unique natural experimental setting to empirically investigate the occurrence and intensity of diel behaviour in marine predators relative to changing light levels while concomitantly assessing interacting abiotic factors. Depth time series data from satellite-linked tags deployed on six belugas for up to 12 months were used to quantify diel behaviour by calculating dissimilarity in time-at-depth between periods of low and high solar altitude on each day. Generalized additive mixed effects models were used to examine the influence of hours of daylight across extreme light cycles, coupled with bathymetry and sea ice concentration; focal diel patterns were further examined relative to the thermal structure of the water column. As predicted, belugas exhibited cathemerality during the midnight sun, and initiated diel behaviour with the onset of the fall day/night cycle, with a marked increase in its intensity with the progression to equal day/night length. Occurrence of diel patterns, however, was complex; ceasing in regions with seafloor depths < 700 m, and occurring with greatest intensity when the water column was thermally homogeneous within the upper 150 m. Through empirical investigation, this study demonstrates that the onset of day/night light cycles and presumably associated prey DVM can modulate predator diel dive behaviour under certain circumstances, but highlights how the complex interaction of abiotic factors with light regime shape dynamic spatiotemporal patterns. These findings, building on a body of recent work, emphasize that the traditional view of the ubiquitous occurrence of diel behaviour tied to DVM at the base of the food web oversimplifies vertical predator-prey interactions, identifying the need for more structured investigation. </p>
Figure 1 in Circadian activity patterns and temporal overlap among cracids (Aves: Cracidae) within a vegetation mosaic in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Brazil
Figure 1. Study area and location of the 90 camera trap stations in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Figure 2 in Circadian activity patterns and temporal overlap among cracids (Aves: Cracidae) within a vegetation mosaic in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Brazil
Figure 2. Circadian activity patterns of three cracid species in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul. The red line represents the mean circular vector (mμ) with CI95% of the distributions.
Figure 3 in Living in a cold tropical mountain: do the microhabitat use and activity pattern change with elevation in the high-Andean lizard Stenocercus trachycephalus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)?
Figure 3. Activity patterns density curve along the three localities. Guanentá in dark gray, Las Moyas in light gray and La Chacua in gray.
Figure 1 in Living in a cold tropical mountain: do the microhabitat use and activity pattern change with elevation in the high-Andean lizard Stenocercus trachycephalus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)?
Figure 1. Study locations in the Andes eastern mountain range. (A) Guanentá, 3,750-3,950 m; (B) Las Moyas Páramo, 3,200 m; (C) La Chacua, 2,670 m.
Dataset of "Tracking Urban Human Activity from Mobile Phone Calling Patterns" PLOS Computational Biology paper
<p>This are the dataset file for "Tracking Urban Human Activity from Mobile Phone Calling Patterns", to be published in PLOS Computational Biology.</p> <p>The files contain probability distributions of finding a first, last, or any call as a function of time, derived from anonymized call detail records for a 12 months period in the year 2007 from a mobile phone service provider in a European country. The first data file contains the data obtained fom 30 different cities. the second for the six most populated cities, splitting the data into different age and gender groups.</p> <p>Details in README files.</p>
Data and Scripts associated with "Fisher activity patterns show potential for behavioural adaptations to human modified landscapes"
<p>Script and data for running both models from manuscript. Data contains daily and nightly mean activity levels (ODBA) for fisher captured from 2021-2023 in Rhode Island, USA. </p>
Assessing the potential of camera traps for estimating activity pattern compared to collar-mounted activity sensors: A case study on Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in South-Eastern Norway
<div> <div> <div> <div> <p>The diel activity patterns of animals convey information about physiology, ecological niches and animal behaviour relevant for both applied conservation and more theoretical research. However, these patterns are challenging to study in the field. The current gold-standard approach to quantify the movements and activity patterns of medium to large wildlife species is to use Global Positioning Systems (GPS) collars equipped with activity sensors (e.g., accelerometers). A more recent approach consists of inferring activity patterns from the time-stamped pictures of wildlife obtained from the camera traps now routinely used in wildlife monitoring projects. However, few studies have attempted to validate estimates of activity patterns obtained from camera traps against those obtained from activity sensors. In this study, we compared the diel activity pattern of the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx inferred from detections by a network of over 300 camera traps active between 2010 and 2020, to activity patterns obtained from 18 GPS-collared lynx (8 females, 10 males) equipped with 2-axis accelerometer sensors, in the same area of southern Norway. Our results suggest that camera traps can be used to estimate diel activity curves that are comparable to those obtained from accelerometers. In our study 75 detections were sufficient to approximate the diel activity pattern obtained from accelerometer. Subsampling indicated that a low number of detections results in a coarser approximation of the diel activity pattern.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Fig. 1 in Diel flight activity patterns of the red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) as monitored by smart traps
Fig. 1. External (A) and internal (B) sections of the ST.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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