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1,723 results for “Alpine”
MEASUREMENTS AND CONTROLS ON MID-WINTER ALPINE GROUND THERMAL REGIME IN THE PURCELL MOUNTAINS, BRITISH COLUMBIA [Dataset]
<p>Datasets and coding from my MSc Thesis titled MEASUREMENTS AND CONTROLS ON MID-WINTER ALPINE GROUND THERMAL REGIME IN THE PURCELL MOUNTAINS, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Data includes shallow ground, surface, and basal snow temperatures from 29 alpine ground thermal regime monitoring sites and meteorological data from one station located at Conrad Glacier basin in the Purcell Mountains, BC. Data were collected from August 2020 to August 2021.</p>
Alpine and subalpine vegetation of Mt. Midzhur, Stara Planina, Bulgaria
<p>This dataset contains data used in my diploma thesis. The fieldwork was carried out in the Western Stara Planina Mountains, mainly in the area of Mt. Midzhur. I recorded 78 vegetation plots using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The dataset was classified using modified Twinspan algorithm. A DCA ordination graph was created to present the dissimilarity of the vegetation types. The vegetation was divided into 12 classes. Seven alliances not previously known from Bulgaria and one newly described alliance of subalpine tall-herb vegetation on screes were reported. Numerous associations were newly reported for Bulgaria or were newly described. The role of altitude and soil pH on the vegetation was analyzed using the general linear model; the floristic composition was analyzed on the level of floristic elements.</p>
Analysis of regional CO2 contributions at the high Alpine observatory Jungfraujoch by means of atmospheric transport simulations and δ13C
<p>The data set complementary to manuscript "Analysis of regional CO<sub>2</sub> contributions at the high Alpine observatory Jungfraujoch by means of atmospheric transport simulations and δ<sup>13</sup>C" in <em>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</em> (<a href="https://acp.copernicus.org">https://acp.copernicus.org</a>).</p>
Decomposing niche components reveals simultaneous effects of opposite deterministic processes structuring alpine small mammal assembly
<p><span>Our knowledge of community assembly dynamics under multiple stressors is limited because of opposite niche-based processes, i.e., limiting similarity and habitat filtering could simultaneously occur, masking the overall patterns. Alpine biomes provide the ideal systems to explore the influences of co-occurrence processes as these communities usually face multiple stresses such as resources limitation and habitat constraints. However, the assembly processes of mammals in alpine areas have hardly been exclusively studied. Here, we</span> <span>aimed to address how different processes structured small mammal communities at the tree line transition zone, which represents one of the most distinct vegetation boundaries separating alpine from montane habitats. We compiled a regional dataset including species list, phylogeny, and functional traits from field collections across 18 mountains of southwest China and complemented them with published data sources. The traits were decomposed into different niche components to determine the respective effects of specific stressors. Phylogenetic and functional diversity indices representing evolutionary history, trait space, and pairwise species distance were calculated and compared with null expectations. Linear mixed-effect models were constructed to assess the increasing or decreasing tendencies of diversity values against increasing elevation. The results showed that phylogenetic and functional richness were strongly correlated with species richness, unlike the distance-based indices which were uncorrelated with species richness. There was no evidence found to support non-random phylogenetic or overall trait patterns. However, the resource acquisition niche tended to be more overdispersed (positive slopes), while the habitat affinity niche tended to be more clustered (negative slopes) as habitats became less productive and less vegetated. We conclude that limiting similarity and habitat filtering simultaneously structure small mammal communities in alpine areas. Altogether, the present study provides vital insights into the complexity of co-occurring assembly processes by niche decomposition, and highlights the importance of considering different diversity dimensions when assessing community structure.</span></p>
Low winter temperatures and divergent freezing resistance set the cold range limit of widespread alpine graminoids
<p><span>Aim:</span><span> "Where and why does a species exist" is a fundamental question in ecology. However, the actual range limits of alpine plant species are largely unexplored and unexplained. We aim at identifying the low temperature range limits of the two most abundant alpine graminoid species on acidic soils that intermingle in mosaics of high-elevation habitats across the European Alps.</span></p> <p><span>Location:</span><span> Alpine grasslands in the Swiss Alps.</span></p> <p><span>Taxon:</span><span> Carex curvula (Cyperaceae) and Nardus stricta (Poaceae), named by the genus name hereafter.</span></p> <p><span>Results:</span><span> Carex </span><span>and Nardus clearly segregated across different microsites. Season length, growing degree hours and soil chemistry (pH, C/N-ratio, phosphorus) did not demarcate the two species' ranges, while their distribution was strongly affected by soil minimum temperature in winter. Carex occurred at sites with and without protecting snow cover and resisted low soil temperatures (-13 °C). Nardus was absent at microsites with snow cover duration less than 5 months and soil minimum temperatures below -5 °C. During the growing season, leaves of Carex had a higher freezing resistance with LT50 of -16.1 °C than those of Nardus with LT50 of -13.3 °C (LT50: lethal temperature for 50% of the tissue). Tetrazolium staining in shoots also revealed a higher freezing resistance in Carex compared to Nardus, and shoot apices tolerated lowest temperatures: Carex -30 °C, Nardus -24 °C. Though, a vital shoot apex alone did not ensure regrowth after winter. Regrowth after severe frost events requires intact vessels and roots, all less freezing tolerant than apical meristems and young leaves.</span></p> <p><span>Main conclusions:</span><span> The cold range limits of these widespread alpine graminoid species are evidently set by thermal extremes in winter. Microtopography, thus snow distribution pattern, in concert with the species' freezing resistance explains the cold edge of the fundamental niche of these two species.</span></p>
Alpine butterflies want to fly high: Species and communities shift upwards faster than their host plants
<p>Despite sometimes strong co-dependencies of insect herbivores and plants, responses of individual taxa to accelerating climate change are typically studied in isolation. Thereby, biotic interactions that potentially limit species in tracking their preferred climatic niches are ignored. Here, we chose butterflies as a prominent representative of herbivorous insects to investigate the impacts of temperature changes and their larval host plant distributions along a 1.4 km elevational gradient in the German Alps. Following a sampling protocol of 2009, we re-visited 33 grassland plots in 2019 over an entire growing season. We quantified changes in butterfly abundance and richness by repeated transect walks on each plot and disentangled the direct and indirect effects of locally assessed temperature, site management, and larval and adult food resource availability on these patterns. Additionally, we determined elevational range shifts of butterflies and host plants at both the community and species level. Comparing the two sampled years (2009, 2019), we found a severe decline in butterfly abundance and a clear upward shift of butterflies along the elevational gradient. We detected shifts in the peak of species richness, community composition and at the species level, whereby mountainous species shifted particularly strongly. In contrast, host plants showed barely any change, neither concerning species richness, nor individual species shifts. Further, temperature and host plant richness were the main drivers of butterfly richness, with change in temperature explaining best the change of richness over time. We conclude that host plants are not yet hindering butterfly species and communities from shifting upwards. However, the mismatch between butterfly and host plant shifts might become a problem for this very close plant-herbivore relationship, especially towards higher elevations, if butterflies fail to adapt to new host plants. Further, our results support the value of conserving traditional extensive pasture use as a promoter of host plants and thereby butterfly richness.</p>
Wikidata ALPINE-based WINE & SPINE embedding
<p>100-dimensional Wikidata graph embedding obtained using degree-based WINE and SPINE.</p>
Container flows on road, rail and waterways along Rhine-Alpine corridor (Rhine section) at NUTS-2 level with cost-time-emissions estimates and accessibility-frequency-availability of modes
<p>The present dataset is used to estimate the heterogeneous mode choice preferences of shippers, that are presented in the following article :<br> "A Logit Mixture Model Estimating the Heterogeneous Mode Choice Preferences of Shippers Based on Aggregate Data"<br> (Nicolet, A., Negenborn, R. R. & Atasoy, B., A Logit Mixture Model Estimating the Heterogeneous Mode Choice Preferences of Shippers Based on Aggregate Data. IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 3, 2022, pp. 650-661.)</p>
Supplementary data: Modelling of future changes in seasonal snowpack and impacts on summer low flows in Alpine catchments
<p>The files in this record represent supplementary data for the article titled “Modelling of future changes in seasonal snowpack and impacts on summer low flows in Alpine catchments” in Water Resources Research. The files contain simulations of the HBV rainfall-runoff model for 14 alpine catchments in Switzerland. The model simulated different water balance components (such as runoff, snow water equivalent and evapotranspiration) for the reference period 1980-2009 and the three scenario periods (2020-2049, 2045-2074 and 2070-2099) using the A1B emission scenario.</p>
Fig. 7 A–D in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 7 A–D, Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi (StÜrzenbaum, 1875), Bakony (Hungary), Anisian, Reitzi Zone. A Specimen No. T.3206 with preserved final chamber in lateral view. B Specimen No. T.81 with preserved final chamber in lateral view. The constriction of the last septum prior the final chamber is well seen in both specimens. C–D Specimen No. T.255. C lateral view; D detail of the septum attachment to the phragmocone wall. E–L Breviconoteuthis aff. breviconus, upper Anisian, lower Illyrian, Podhradie, Slovakia. E Ventral view; F, G lateral views demonstrating backwards inclined septa; H dorsal view; I, J cross section at the apical part; J position of the siphuncle; K, L micro-CT imaginations; K longitudinal section in lateral view; L longitudinal section in dorso-ventral view. Specimen No. KGP-PO-001. M Breviconoteuthis breviconus (Reis, 1907), original of Rieber (1974: Fig. 3), upper Anisian, Besano Formation, Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland. N, O. Zugmontites mojsisovicsi Reis, 1907, holotype, No. 1901-II-508, upper Anisian, Wettersteinkalk, Austria. N Lateral view; O dorso-ventral view. Scale bar equals 1 cm
Fig. 2 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 2 Associated ammonoid fauna recorded at the locality Podhradie. A Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3, lower part. B Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3, lower part. C Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3. D Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3, lower part. E Ptychites cf. oppeli Mojsisovics, 1882, Bed 3. F, G Lardaroceras? sp., Bed 3, lower part. H, I Kellnerites cf. bispinosus (Hauer, 1896), Bed 3, upper part
Fig. 6 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 6 Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi (StÜrzenbaum, 1875)—the size reconstruction based on the phragmocone angle and size extrapolation. The largest specimen does not possess a "body chamber", therefore, the approximated size may exceed 35 cm
Fig. 3 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 3 Associated ammonoid fauna recorded at the locality Harmanecká Cave—Kozelník. A–C Lardaroceras sp. aff. krystyni Balini, 1992a
Fig. 10 A in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 10 A Reconstruction of cephalopod habitat within Western Carpathian Ráztoka Limestone, Illyrian Trinodosus—Reitzi Zones. Reconstruction: Petr Modlitba, with courtesy of author. B 1. Nautiloids. 2. Diverse ammonoids. 3. Aulacoceratids. 4. Mojsisovicsteuthis. 5. Breviconoteuthis. The benthic fauna is composed by abundant crinoids, echinoids, bivalves and brachiopods. Algae meadows are supposed based on geochemical data. C Fragment of partly tectonically deformed phragmocone of undetermined aulacoceratid; scale bar equals 1 cm
Fig. 1 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 1 Geographical position of the areas of interest (A, B) and close-up views of the satellite photo with precise localization of the studied outcrops in the village Podhradie (C), and near Dolný Harmanec (D). E Outcrop in the roadcut in the village Podhradie. The fossiliferous Bed 3 is outlined. Orange circles with acronyms TO represent the sampling points for the organic geochemistry
Fig. 9 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 9 Plot of Pr/n-C17 versus Ph/n-C18 cross plot showing the source and depositional environments of the natural samples (from Beds 3, 6 and 7, locality Podhradie)
Fig. 11 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 11 Detailed reconstruction of the sea-bottom rich in algae, sponges and crinoid meadows, showing also the common presence of conodonts and a representative of coleoid cephalopod. Petr Modlitba, with courtesy of author
Fig. 8 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 8 Palaeobiogeographic distribution of genera Mojsisovicsteuthis and Breviconoteuthis (Anisian–Carnian). While Mojsisovicsteuthis (larger straight phragmocone) shows large geographic distribution, the genus Breviconoteuthis (smaller phragmocone) is known only from few sites in the Alpine-Carpathian system
Fig. 4 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 4 Associated conodont fauna recorded at the locality Podhradie. All specimens come from the Bed 3. A Paragondolella trammeri (Kozur, 1972). B Paragondolella cf. alpina (Kozur & Mostler, 1982). C Paragondolella slugovensis (Ramovš, 1996). D Paragondolella ex gr. praeszaboi (Kovács et al., 1996). E, F Neogondolella constricta (Mosher & Clark, 1965). G Paragondolella praeszaboi (Kovácset al., 1996). H Paragondolella cf. praeszaboi (Kovács et al., 1996). I–K Paragondolella bifurcata Budurov & Stefanov, 1972. Scale bar 200 μm (A) and 200 μm (B–K)
Fig. 5 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance
Fig. 5 Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi (StÜrzenbaum, 1875). A–D Specimen No. KGP-KO-001, upper Anisian, lower Illyrian, Harmanecká Cave—Kozelník, Slovakia. A Dorso-ventral view; B lateral view; C cross-section; D position of the siphuncle (s). E–H Specimen No. T.3593. E Dorso-ventral view; F lateral view; G, H Cross-section with position of the siphuncle (H. enlarged); I Cross-section of the apical part. J–P. Holotype No. T.829. Bakony (Hungary), Anisian, Reitzi Zone. J Original figure of StÜrzenbaum (1875), lateral view; K lateral view; L dorso-ventral view; M cross-section; N original figure of StÜrzenbaum (1875) with missinterpreted position of the siphuncle; O, P longitudinal section of the phragmocone with septa arrangement (partly seen). Q The largest specimen No. T.3137 in the lateral view. Scale bar equals 1 cm
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