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FIGURE 2 in Shallow-water caridean shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil, including the first record of Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) (Alpheidae) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

FIGURE 2. Alpheid shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil. (A) Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne-Edwards, 1878, male from Cachoeira River, Maramata Beach, Ilhéus. (B) Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900, ovigerous female from Tassimirim Beach, Cairú. (C) Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850, male from Tassimirim Beach, Cairú. (D) Alpheus cf. paracrinitus Miers, 1881, male from Taipus de Fora Beach, Maraú. (E) Alpheus cf. rostratus W. Kim & Abele, 1988, ovigerous female from Taipus de Fora Beach, Maraú. (F) Salmoneus carvachoi Anker, 2007, two ovigerous individuals from Maraú River, Maraú.

FIGURE 3 in Shallow-water caridean shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil, including the first record of Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) (Alpheidae) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

FIGURE 3. Automate cf. evermanni Rathbun, 1901, female (CL=3.3 mm) (MZUESC 1063), Cumuruxatiba Beach, Prado, state of Bahia, Brazil. (A) head and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; (B) head and cephalic appendages, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Shallow-water caridean shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil, including the first record of Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) (Alpheidae) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

FIGURE 1. Location of the study area in southern Bahia, eastern Brazil. Horizontal bars indicate the northern (Cairú) and southern (Mucuri) limits. (CB) Camamu Bay, (RCB) Royal Charlotte Bank, (TSB) Todos os Santos Bay, (CS) outer border of the continental shelf. The main rivers are underlined. Scale bar: 100 km.

FIGURE 6 in Shallow-water caridean shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil, including the first record of Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) (Alpheidae) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

FIGURE 6. Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007), male (CL=4.7 mm) (MZUESC 709), Camamu Bay, state of Bahia, Brazil. (A) head and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; (B) head and cephalic appendages, lateral view; (C) abdomen, lateral view; (D) telson, dorsal view; (E) left exopodite of the uropod, dorsal view; (F) right exopodite of the uropod, dorsal view; (G) left major chela, lateral view. Scale bars: A–C = 1 mm; D, E = 0.5 mm; F = 2 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Shallow-water caridean shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil, including the first record of Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) (Alpheidae) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

FIGURE 7. Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007), male (CL=4.7 mm) (MZUESC 709), Camamu Bay, state of Bahia, Brazil. (A) left major chela, distal portion, lateral view; (B) left major chela, distal portion, mesial view; (C) right minor chela, lateral view; (D) right minor chela, distal portion, mesial view; (E) right minor chela, dorsal view; (F) pollex of left major chela, ventral view; (G) right basicerite, dorsal view. Scale bars: A– C, E = 1 mm; D, F, G = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Shallow-water caridean shrimps from southern Bahia, Brazil, including the first record of Synalpheus ul (Ríos & Duffy, 2007) (Alpheidae) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

FIGURE 4. Leptalpheus axianassae Dworschak & Coelho, 1999, male (CL=5.9 mm) (MZUESC 1214), Contas River, Itacaré, state of Bahia, Brazil. (A) head and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; (B) head and cephalic appendages, lateral view; (C) right major chela, ventrolateral view; (D) right major chela, distal portion, mesial view; (E) left minor chela, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B, E, F = 1 mm; C, D = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic)

FIGURE 1. Map of the north of the Iberian Peninsula showing the three sampling areas. 1) Le Danois Bank. 2) Avilés Canyon system. 3) Galicia Bank.

FIGURE 5. Flabellum chunii Marenzeller, 1904 in Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic)

FIGURE 5. Flabellum chunii Marenzeller, 1904 (Galicia Bank). A–C) Coralla in side view with corrosion by Lumbrineris (A, H= 4.83 cm; B, H= 3.9 cm; C, H= 3.7 cm; A, stn. V6; B–D, stn. V4). D) Detail showing circular marks of corrosion by Turridae near calicular margin (specimen B). Flabellum macandrewi Gray, 1849 (stn. V1, Le Danois Bank). E) Corallum in side view (GCD= 2.39 cm; LCD= 2.22 cm; H= 1.86 cm). F) Calicular view of the same specimen. G) Fragment. Eguchipsammia cornucopia (Pourtalès, 1871) (stn. S7V, Le Danois Bank). H) Whole specimen in side view. I) Calicular view of the same specimen (GCD= 1.76 cm). J) Calicular view of a dead specimen showing intratentacular budding, with formation of three new calices and three new columellae. Scale bar: A–B= 3.0 cm; C= 2.0 cm; D= 0.9 cm; E–G, J= 1.0 cm; H= 2.5 cm; I= 1.5 cm.

FIGURE 6. Balanophyllia thalassae Zibrowius, 1980 in Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic)

FIGURE 6. Balanophyllia thalassae Zibrowius, 1980 (stn. R2, Galicia Bank). A) Corallum in side view (H= 6.5 cm; GCD= 2.1 cm; LCD= 1.8 cm). B) Corallum in side view (H= 3.21 cm; GCD= 2.26 cm). C) Calicular view (H= 2.27 cm; GCD= 2.04 cm; LCD= 1.79 m, 71 septa). D) Calicular view (H= 1.6 cm; GCD= 1.9 cm; LCD= 1.6 cm, 60 septa). Dendrophyllia alternata Pourtalès, 1880 (stn. R2, Galicia Bank). E) Fragment of a colony. F) Calice. G) Detail of another fragment to show development of costae. Balanophyllia cellulosa Duncan, 1873 (stn. S7V, Le Danois Bank). H) Corallum with corrosion by Lumbrineris (H= 3.4 cm; GCD= 2.6 cm; LCD= 2.4 cm). I) Calicular view of another specimen (H= 2.8 cm; GCD= 2.1 cm; LCD= 1.9 cm). Scale bar: A, C–D, H–I= 2.0 cm; B= 1.0 cm; F–G= 0.5cm.

FIGURE 3. Deltocyathus eccentricus Cairns, 1979 in Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic)

FIGURE 3. Deltocyathus eccentricus Cairns, 1979 (stn. V4, Galicia Bank). A) Corallum in calicular view (H= 0.46 cm; GCD= 1.36 cm). B) Same specimen seen from below. The slightly irregular profile of calice is distinctive. Deltocyathus moseleyi Cairns, 1979. C) Corallum in calicular view (H= 0.64 cm; GCD= 1.45 cm, stn. R2, Galicia Bank). D) Same specimen seen from below. Notice regeneration in D. E) Corallum in calicular view (H= 0.4 cm; GCD= 1.16 cm, stn. V5, Le Danois Bank). F) Same specimen seen from below. Scale bar: A–B= 0.7 cm; C–D= 0.7 cm; E–F= 0.5 cm.

FIGURE 2. Aulocyathus atlanticus Zibrowius, 1980 in Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic)

FIGURE 2. Aulocyathus atlanticus Zibrowius, 1980 (stn. V7, Galicia Bank). A-A') Coralla. Top left specimen: H= 1.61 cm; GCD=LCD= 0.68 cm; 30 septa. B) Calice (GCD= 0.64 cm, 42 septa). Caryophyllia abyssorum Duncan, 1873 (stn. S3V, Le Danois Bank). C) Corallum. D) Calice (GCD=LCD= 1.22 cm). E) Wall and upper margin. Caryophyllia calveri Duncan, 1873. F) Corallum (H= 1.67 cm, stn. V5, Galicia Bank. G) Calice (GCD= 1.08 cm; LCD= 0.97 cm; 42 septa, stn. D6V, Le Danois Bank). H) Calice (GCD= 1.16 cm; LCD= 0.96 cm; 44 septa, stn. D6V, Le Danois Bank). Caryophyllia sarsiae Zibrowius, 1974. I) Corallum (unknown station, Le Danois Bank). J) Calice of the same specimen. K) Corallum of a small specimen (stn. R1R2, Le Danois Bank). L) Calice of the same specimen. Caryophyllia calveri Duncan, 1873 (stn. R1R8, Le Danois Bank). M) Juvenile. Caryophyllia seguenzae Duncan, 1873 (stn. V3, Le Danois Bank. N) Corallum, side view (H= 3.45 cm, GCD= 4.16 cm, LCD= 3.38 cm, 92 septa). O) Same specimen, calicular view. Development of costae C1–C3 and exsertness of septa are remarkable. Scale bar: A-A', C–E, F= 1.0 cm; B= 0.6 cm; G–J= 0.5 cm; K, M= 0.2 cm; L= 0.1 cm; N–O= 2.0 cm.

FIGURE 4 in Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from ECOMARG 2003, 2008 and 2009 expeditions to bathyal waters off north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic)

FIGURE 4. Stephanocyathus crassus (Jourdan, 1895) (Galicia Bank). A) Corallum, calicular view (stn. R2). B) Same specimen, seen from below. C) Corallum, calicular view (stn. G4). D) Same specimen, seen from below. E) Corallum, calicular view (stn. V4). F) Corallum, calicular view (stn. V6); soft tissues have been partially removed. Stephanocyathus moseleyanus (Sclater, 1886) (stn. V3, Le Danois Bank). G) Corallum of a juvenile, calicular view (H= 0.52 cm; GCD= 1.73 cm). H) Same specimen, seen from below. Turbinoliidae sp. (stn. R2, Galicia Bank). I) Side view. J) Calicular view. Scale bar: A–B, F=1.8 cm; C–D= 1.6 cm; E= 1.2 cm; G–H= 0.9 cm; I= 0.2 cm; J= 0.1 cm.

FIGURE 1 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)

FIGURE 1. Distribution of the five aglaopheniid species in the study area. A) Aglaophenopsis cornuta (Verrill, 1879). B) Cladocarpus diana Broch, 1918. C) Cladocarpus formosus Allman, 1874. D) Cladocarpus integer (G.O. Sars, 1874). E) Nematocarpus ramuliferus (Allman, 1874). FC, Flemish Cap; FP, Flemish Pass; GB, Grand Banks.

FIGURE 6 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)

FIGURE 6. Nematocarpus ramuliferus (Allman, 1874). A) Hydrocladia; note abundance of ramuli and absence of gonothecae. B) Distal end of hydrocladium showing two thecate internodes and a ramulus. C, D) Distalmost hydrotheca of hydrocladium. E) Detail of a ramified ramulus with one hydrotheca; note abundance of internal septa. F) Mesial nematotheca from thecate internode. G) Ramified ramulus with one hydrotheca. H) Detail of a nematotheca from ramulus, showing proximal aperture. I) Distal end of ramulus showing terminal nematotheca with proximal, oval aperture. J) Gonothecae. Scale bar: A= 500 µm; B, D, G, J= 200 µm; C, E= 100 µm; F, H, I= 50 µm. A, F, J= NEREIDA0710 RD88; B–E, G–I= NEREIDA0610 RD64.

FIGURE 3. Cladocarpus diana Broch, 1918. A, B in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)

FIGURE 3. Cladocarpus diana Broch, 1918. A, B) Hydrothecae. C) Detail of hydrothecal rim showing cusps; note that the first abcauline pair is almost blunt distally. D, E) Phylactocarps with gonothecae. F) Gonotheca in frontal view. G) Detail of a phylactocarp, showing internal septa. Scale bar: A, C, G= 200 µm; B, D, F= 500 µm; E= 1000 µm. A, B, E, F= NEREIDA0610 RD63; C, D, E, G= NEREIDA0610 RD67.

FIGURE 2 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)

FIGURE 2. Aglaophenopsis cornuta (Verrill, 1879). A) Detail of a hydrocladium, including distalmost thecate internode. B) Hydrotheca. C) Phylactocarp; note the two distal hydrothecae, one on each branch. D) Detail of a phylactocarp showing mesial nematothecae adjacent to hydrothecae (arrows); one of them is double. E–G) Gonothecae, one of them (F) in lateral view showing curvature. Scale bar: A, C, E–G= 500 µm; B, D= 200 µm. A, E–G= NEREIDA0810 RD104; B= PLA07 L99; C, D= NEREIDA0710 RD79.

FIGURE 5 in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)

FIGURE 5. Cladocarpus integer (G.O. Sars, 1874). A) Colony. B) Detail of a hydrocladium. C, D) Hydrothecae; D corresponds to the distalmost cormoid. Note distinctive bulging into lumen of hydrocladium. E, F) Phylactocarps with gonothecae; note on the first thecate internode that there is a distinct gap between distal end of nematotheca and hydrothecal base. Scale bar: A= 5.0 cm; B, D, F= 500 µm; C= 200 µm; E= 1000 µm. A= PLA07 L75; B–F= PLA07 L61.

FIGURE 4. Cladocarpus formosus Allman, 1874. A–C in Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)

FIGURE 4. Cladocarpus formosus Allman, 1874. A–C) Hydrothecae. D) Detail of a hydrocladium. E, F) Phylactocarps; note in F that, on the first cormidium, a distinct gap exists between the distal end of the mesial nematotheca and the hydrothecal base; compare it with the following internode of the hydrocladium. G) Detail of a phylactocarp showing nematothecae. H) Gonotheca in frontal view, showing hood. Scale bar: A, B, C, G= 200 µm; D, F, H= 500 µm; E= 1000 µm. A= NEREIDA0610 RD74; B, F–H= NEREIDA0704 RD59; C–E= PLA07 L101.

FIGURE 8 in Telopathes magna gen. nov., spec. nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae) from deep waters off Atlantic Canada and the first molecular phylogeny of the deep-sea family Schizopathidae

FIGURE 8. Excerpt of a neighbour-joining tree from Jordan (2008), constructed using Kimura calculated distances obtained from the rDNA ITS region of the nuclear genome. Telopathes magna groups sister to the schizopathid Bathypathes sp. Specimens sequenced in that study are highlighted. Outgroups: the corallimorpharian Corynactis californica and zoanthid Palythoa variabilis.

FIGURE 6 in Telopathes magna gen. nov., spec. nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae) from deep waters off Atlantic Canada and the first molecular phylogeny of the deep-sea family Schizopathidae

FIGURE 6. Photographs of paratype colonies. (A) in situ photograph of paratype from Balanus Seamount; same growth form as holotype. (B) in situ photograph of paratype from Caloosahatchee Seamount, Milne-Edwards Peak; juvenile colony, with secondary branch indicated (arrow). (C) Fragment of Caloosahatchee paratype showing anterolateral pinnule arrangement. Scale 1 cm. (D) in situ photograph of paratype from Rehoboth Seamount; large colony with extensive branching.