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134 results for “Bison”
Data from: Spatial heterogeneity in the strength of plant-herbivore interactions under predation risk: the tale of bison foraging in wolf country
Spatial heterogeneity in the strength of trophic interactions is a fundamental property of food web spatial dynamics. The feeding effort of herbivores should reflect adaptive decisions that only become rewarding when foraging gains exceed 1) the metabolic costs, 2) the missed opportunity costs of not foraging elsewhere, and 3) the foraging costs of anti-predator behaviour. Two aspects of these costs remain largely unexplored: the link between the strength of plant-herbivore interactions and the spatial scale of food-quality assessment, and the predator-prey spatial game. We modeled the foraging effort of free-ranging plains bison (Bison bison bison) in winter, within a mosaic of discrete meadows. Spatial patterns of bison herbivory were largely driven by a search for high net energy gains and, to a lesser degree, by the spatial game with grey wolves (Canis lupus). Bison decreased local feeding effort with increasing metabolic and missed opportunity costs. Bison herbivory was most consistent with a broad-scale assessment of food patch quality, i.e., bison grazed more intensively in patches with a low missed opportunity cost relative to other patches available in the landscape. Bison and wolves had a higher probability of using the same meadows than expected randomly. This co-occurrence indicates wolves are ahead in the spatial game they play with bison. Wolves influenced bison foraging at fine scale, as bison tended to consume less biomass at each feeding station when in meadows where the risk of a wolf's arrival was relatively high. Also, bison left more high-quality vegetation in large than small meadows. This behavior does not maximize their energy intake rate, but is consistent with bison playing a shell game with wolves. Our assessment of bison foraging in a natural setting clarifies the complex nature of plant-herbivore interactions under predation risk, and reveals how spatial patterns in herbivory emerge from multi-scale landscape heterogeneity.
FIG. 2 in Early bison remains from Mygdonia Basin (Northern Greece)
FIG. 2. — Cranium KLT-638 of Bison cf. degiulii (Masini, Palombo & Rozzi, 2013), from Kalamoto, Greece in ventral (A), dorsal (B), right lateral (C), left lateral (D) and occipital (E) views; F, close up of the left upper tooth row in occlusal view. Lines (1-5) represent dorsal transverse (1-3) and sagittal (4-5) profiles in positions indicated by arrows in (B). Scale bar: 5 cm.
FIG. 1 in Early bison remains from Mygdonia Basin (Northern Greece)
FIG. 1. — Geographic, geological, and chronological context of the fossiliferous sites from Mygdonia Basin yielding early Bison Hamilton Smith, 1827 and Leptobos Rütimeyer, 1877-1878 remains. Abbreviations: Fm, Lithostratigraphic Formation; APL, Apollonia-1; TSR, Tsiotra Vryssi; KRI/KRM, Krimni; KLT, Kalamoto-2; GER, Gerakarou; Ol, Olduvai (geomagnetic field) reversal; Cb, Cobb mountain reversal; Jr, Jaramillo reversal. Map courtesy of D. Giusti (Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment).
Fig. 2 in First Toxoplasma gondii isolate from an aborted foetus of European bison (Bison bonasus bonasus L.)
Fig. 2 Specific amplicons with primers Np6/Np21 (a) and primers TGRE1/TGRE1-2 (b): M-molecular marker, lines 1–3— N. caninum DNA; lines 4–5— T. gondii RH DNA; lines 6–11 – tachyzoites from in vitro culture (Bison bonasus); lines 12–14— scrapings (Vero cells + tachyzoites); line 15—positive control—N. caninum DNA; line 16—positive control—DNA of T. gondii RH; lines 17–18— negative control
Fig. 5 in Large lungworms (Nematoda: Dictyocaulidae) recovered from the European bison may represent a new nematode subspecies
Fig. 5. Histopathological lesions in the lungs of European bison infected with Dictyocaulus viviparus. (A) The cross-section of a nematode in the lumen of bronchiole (arrow); mononuclear cells infiltration in the mucous membrane of the bronchiole. H-E stain (× 40 magnification). (B) Multiple cross-sections of nematodes scattered within alveoli and bronchiole (arrows). H-E stain (× 40 magnification). (C) Interstitial pneumonia, diffuse, lymphoplasmacytic, eosinophilic with the hyperplasia of the vascular wall (arrows). H-E stain (× 40 magnification). Inset: Perivascular, peribronchiolar lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration; on the left side: the tunica media of vessels is thickened (hyperplastic). H-E stain (× 200 magnification). (D) Prominent peribronchiolar hyperplasia of the lymphoid follicle (arrow); pulmonary tissue showed interstitial pneumonia pattern. H-E stain (× 200 magnification).
Fig. 4 in Did Costa Rican Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Feed on Bison Dung before the Arrival of Spanish Cattle?
Fig. 4. Lateral and dorsal views of a male Copris subpunctatus.
Fig. 2 in Did Costa Rican Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Feed on Bison Dung before the Arrival of Spanish Cattle?
Fig. 2. Bison-like sculpture made of yellow stone found at R´ıo Brujo, Costa Rica.
Data from: Spatial heterogeneity in the strength of plant-herbivore interactions under predation risk: the tale of bison foraging in wolf country
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Climate structures bison dietary quality and composition at the continental scale
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 1 in The Wisent Bison Bonasus (Mammalia, Artiodactylа) Restoration In Ukraine: Results And Perspectives
Fig. 1. Etymology of wisent subpopulations in Ukraine.
Bison, upper molar, Big Bone Lick, KY
Bison upper molar from Big Bone Lick, Kentucky. Pleistocene, UNSM 35427. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Bison skull (late Holocene). Big Bone Lick, KY
Late Holocene Bison cranium (*Bison bison*) from 1971 excavations at Big Bone Lick, Boone Co., KY. Scanned in June 2022 at Big Bone Lick, State Park (#1971.2.12). STL ONLY Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Bison Antiquus
Bison Antiquus Nikon D800e 2 rotations @ aprox 15 and 45 degrees height and 20 degree intervals. Flip and repeat. 72 images aprox 211mb tiff each. 1,534,223 faces 767,220 vertices Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Fig. 5 in Seasonal and Diel Activity of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Attracted to European Bison Dung in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland
Fig. 5. Dominance structure per six-hour trapping period of four scarabaeoid dung beetle species in each of six months of the vegetative season Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland. 6, 12, 18, and 0 = traps emptied respectively at 6 am, noon, 6 pm, and midnight, respectively.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.