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Fig. 7 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 7. Relationship between body width and body length of all individuals of Ephelota gigantea measured on formalin-preserved samples at each sampling

Fig. 5 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 5. Histograms of stalk length, body length, and body width of Ephelota gigantea preserved in formalin.

Fig. 3 in Short Communication High-Density Cultivation of the Marine Ciliate Uronema marinum (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) in Axenic Medium

Fig. 3. Growth chart of U. marinum in PGY medium and bacterized filtered seawater. The density of ciliate cells was measured every 12 hours after inoculation using a hemocytometer. The final data points are 419 cells/μl in PGY medium and 11 cells/μl in bacterized filtered seawater.

Fig. 1 in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Fig. 1. Map showing the northeastern part of Japan. Places where wakame samples (●) and krill sample (Ì) were collected are also shown.

Figs 2a–f in Morphological, Developmental, and Ecological Characteristics of the Suctorian Ciliate Ephelota gigantea (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea, Ephelotidae) Found on Cultured Wakame Seaweed in Northeastern Japan

Figs 2a–f. Scanning electron micrographs (a–e) and measured body parts (f) of Ephelota gigantea. a – upper part of the stalk. Only cross striation near the cell body while longitudinal and cross striations below arrows; b – lower part of the stalk with only longitudinal striation; c – swelled part where E. gigantea is attached to wakame (arrow); d – E. gigantea with two buds (arrows); e – ventral side of a bud. Scopula (arrow) is visible; f – measured part of E. gigantea cell. db – debri, BL – body length, BW – body width, SL – stalk length.

Fig. 2 in Short Communication High-Density Cultivation of the Marine Ciliate Uronema marinum (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) in Axenic Medium

Fig. 2. PCR amplification of the bacterial SSU-rDNA on 1% agarose gel. A1, A2, and A3 are parallel samples extracted from the axenic culture in PGY medium. B1, B2, and B3 are parallel samples extracted from the culture in bacterized filtered seawater. M – DNA ladder.

Fig. 4 in A New Soil Ciliate, Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Urostylida) from South Korea

Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of 18S rRNA gene sequences, showing the position of Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. on the basis of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI). Bootstrap values for ML and posterior probability values for BI are represented on the inte- rior branches. Black circles indicate the species of the family Holostichidae (sensu Berger 2006 system).

Figs 1A–G in A New Soil Ciliate, Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Urostylida) from South Korea

Figs 1A–G. Morphology of Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. from live (A, D–F) and protargol-impregnated (B, C, G) specimens. A, B, E, F – ventral view; C, D, E – dorsal view; B, C – ventral and dorsal views of the holotype specimen: B – arrow indicates pharynx; D – ex- trusive cortical granules (arrow), dorsal cilia (arrowhead); E – arrangement of cortical granules on ventral side; F – arrangement of cortical granules on dorsal side; G – ciliary pattern of cirral rows and dorsal kineties. AZM – adoral zone of membranelles; BC – buccal cirrus; CC – caudal cirri; DK – dorsal kineties; EM – endoral membrane; FC – frontal cirri; FTC – frontoterminal cirri; LMR – left marginal cirral row; Ma – macronuclei; Mi – micronuclei; MP – midventral pairs; PM – paroral membrane; PTC – pretransverse ventral cirri; TC – transverse cirri; 1, inner right marginal cirral row; 2–4, compound rows. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Figs 4 A and B in Trichodina diaptomi (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) from Two Calanoid Copepods from Botswana and South Africa, with Notes on its Life History

Figs 4 A and B. Diagrammatic drawings of the denticles of two different specimens of Trichodina diaptomi Šrámek-Hušek, 1953 from the carapace of Metadiaptomus transvaalensis from the Nata River, Botswana to illustrate variation in denticle shape.

Figs 3 A–E in Trichodina diaptomi (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) from Two Calanoid Copepods from Botswana and South Africa, with Notes on its Life History

Figs 3 A–E. Micrographs of Metadiaptomus transvaalensis with Trichodina diaptomi Šrámek-Hušek, 1953 on the carapace collected from the Nata River, Botswana in August 2012. Whole specimen of M. transvaalenis with several trichodinids visible on dorsal surface of body (A), M. transvaalensis with several trichodinids visible on dorsal surface opposite locomotory appendages of copepod (C) and close-up views of dorsal carapace of M. transvaalensis with trichodinids clearly visible on surface of copepod (B, D, E) with two detached trichodinids visible in D.

Figs 3A–F in A New Soil Ciliate, Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Urostylida) from South Korea

Figs 3A–F. Photomicrographs of Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. from protargol-impregnated specimens. A, B, D – holotype specimen. A – ventral view of specimen; B – anterior portion of ventral view; C – posterior portion of ventral view; D – pharynx; E – anterior portion of dorsal view; F – posterior portion of dorsal view. AZM – adoral zone of membranelles; BC – buccal cirrus; CC – caudal cirri; DK – dorsal kineties; EM – endoral membrane; FC – frontal cirri; FTC – frontoterminal cirri; LMR – left marginal cirral row; Ma – macronuclei; Mi – micronuclei; MP – midventral pairs; PM – paroral membrane; PTC – pretransverse ventral cirri; TC – transverse cirri; 1 – inner right marginal cirral row; 2–4 – compound rows. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Fig. 1 in Short Communication High-Density Cultivation of the Marine Ciliate Uronema marinum (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) in Axenic Medium

Fig. 1. Uronema marinum from life (A, B, E, F), after protargol (C, D) and DAPI-staining (G, H). A, B – lateral-ventral view of typical cell (B, from Pan et al. 2010); C, D – ventral and dorsal view of the same specimen (from Pan et al. 2010); E – 72 hours after inoculating into PGY medium; F – 168 hours after inoculating into PGY medium; G – Uronema marinum in axenic culture, demonstrating the absence of bacteria; H – Uronema marinum in bacterized filtered seawater cultivating system, arrowheads indicate bacteria that are active in the realtime viewing conditions; M1–3 – membranelles 1–3, PM – paroral membrane, Sc – scutica. Scale bars: 20 μm.

Figs 2 A–F in Trichodina diaptomi (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) from Two Calanoid Copepods from Botswana and South Africa, with Notes on its Life History

Figs 2 A–F. Micrographs of silver impregnated adhesive discs (A, B, E and F) and haematoxylin stained specimens (C and D), showing the nuclear apparatus (C) and adoral spiral (D) of Trichodina diaptomi Šrámek-Hušek, 1953 from the Nata River (A–D) and Rustfontein Dam (E and F).

Figs 2A–J in A New Soil Ciliate, Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Urostylida) from South Korea

Figs 2A–J. Photomicrographs of Birojimia soyaensis nov. spec. from live specimens. A, D, E – ventral view; B, C, F, H – dorsal view: B, C – arrows indicate contractile vacuole and collecting canals; D – distribution of cortical granules (arrowhead) and inner right cirral row (arrow); E – distribution of cortical granules on the ventral side, arrowhead indicates a longitudinal row of cortical granules; F – arrows indicate cortical granules on the dorsal side; G – arrow indicates dorsal cilia; H – arrows indicate caudal cirri; I – macronuclear nodules (arrow), micronuclei (arrowhead); J – cortical granules in lateral view (arrow). Scale bars: 100 μm.

Fig. 3 in Trichodinids (Ciliophora) of Corydoras paleatus (Siluriformes) and Jenynsia multidentata (Cyprinodontiformes) from Argentina, with Description of Trichodina corydori n. sp. and Trichodina jenynsii n. sp.

Fig. 3. Photomicrographs of Trichodina jenynsii n. sp. from Jenynsia multidentata. A–C – Adhesive disc after dry silver impregnation. D – Macronucleus with methylene-blue staining. Scale bars: 10 μm.

Fig. 6 in Taxonomic and Morphogenetic Description of the Freshwater Ciliate Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. (Ciliophora; Oxytrichidae) Isolated from Sanjay Lake, Delhi, India

Fig. 6. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree based on SSU rDNA sequences showing the position of Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. using GTR + I + G as nucleotide substitution model. The new sequence from the present study is indicated by bold font (arrow). Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values from ML and the posterior probabilities from BI. Accession numbers are provided after species names. Clades representing different orders of the subclass stichotrichia are shaded. "–" at the nodes indicate disagreement between the two methods. The scale bar corresponds to 0.01 expected substitutions per site.

Fig. 5 in Taxonomic and Morphogenetic Description of the Freshwater Ciliate Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. (Ciliophora; Oxytrichidae) Isolated from Sanjay Lake, Delhi, India

Fig. 5. Line diagrams and photomicrographs of Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. showing morphogenetic stages on the dorsal surface after protargol impregnation. A, C – within row dorsal primordia formation for proter and opisthe with posterior thickening to form caudal cirri (arrows); B, D – unequal split of the third dorsal primordia (arrows); caudal cirri formed in 2 + 2 + 3 pattern (double arrows) at the ends of DK for proter and opisthe. Scale bar: 20 µm.

Fig. 4 in Taxonomic and Morphogenetic Description of the Freshwater Ciliate Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. (Ciliophora; Oxytrichidae) Isolated from Sanjay Lake, Delhi, India

Fig. 4. Photomicrographs showing morphogenetic stages on ventral surface of protargol impregnated cells of Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. A, B – de novo origin of OP (arrowheads); C – POVC (arrowheads) not contributing to OP; D – dissagregation of V/4 and V/3 (arrowhead), movement of kinetosomes from OP to anterior region of the cell (arrow); E – elongation of two primary primordia (arrowhead), kinetosomes moved from OP to contribute in the formation of IIp (arrow); F – splitting of primary primordia (arrowhead), composite origin of IIp from OP and cirrus II/2 (arrow); G – primordia Vp and VIp (arrowhead) formed from splitting of primary primordia; H – full complement of 6 FVT primordia (arrowheads); I – differentiation of new FVT cirri (arrowhead); J – newly formed DMs on the ventral surface (arrowhead); K – cell in cytokinesis. OP – oral primordium. Scale bar: 20 µm.

Fig. 2 in Trichodinids (Ciliophora) of Corydoras paleatus (Siluriformes) and Jenynsia multidentata (Cyprinodontiformes) from Argentina, with Description of Trichodina corydori n. sp. and Trichodina jenynsii n. sp.

Fig. 2. Photomicrographs of silver nitrate-impregnated adhesive discs of trichodinids from Jenynsia multidentata. A–B – Photomicrographs of Trichodina cribbi. Scale bars: 10 μm.

Fig. 3 in Taxonomic and Morphogenetic Description of the Freshwater Ciliate Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. (Ciliophora; Oxytrichidae) Isolated from Sanjay Lake, Delhi, India

Fig. 3. Line diagrams showing morphogenetic stages on ventral surface of protargol impregnated cells of Aponotohymena isoaustralis n. sp. A, B – origin of OP apokinetally between the LMC and POVC for the opisthe; C – reorganization of parental UM (arrow), disaggregation of II/2 (arrowhead), III/2 (double arrowhead) and V/4 (double arrow) to form primordia IIp, IIIp and Vo respectively, kinetosomes from OP form primordia Io and IIo; D – dissagregation of IV/3 to form primordium IVp (arrow); kinetosomes from OP move anteriorly (arrowhead); the two primary primordia, one each formed from disaggregation of V/4 and V/3 split transversely (double arrow) to form primordia V and VI for proter and opisthe; E – full complement of 6 FVT primordia Ip to VIp (arrowhead) and Io to VIo (double arrowhead); F – within-row marginal primordia formation for RMC (arrowheads) and LMC (double arrowheads); G – differentiation of cirri in 1, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4 pattern; H – late divider showing formation of new dorsomarginals (arrowheads) close to newly formed RMC. LMC – left marginal cirri; OP – oral primordium. Scale bar: 20 µm.