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1,973 results for “DENDRITIC”
Table 5 in Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora's box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)
<p><b>Table 5.</b> Revised suite of ichnotaxa and the substrate types they were documented from. T = substrate of holotype; P = published substrate type; N = new substrate type;? = uncertain record; * = type ichnospecies; ** = certain records only.</p><table><thead><tr><th><b>Ichnotaxon</b></th><th colspan="2"><b>Belemnite Aptychus</b></th><th><b>Bivalve</b></th><th colspan="6"><b>Gastropod Brachiopod Cirriped Serpulid Trilobite Coral</b></th><th><b>Echinoderm</b></th><th><b>Hardground</b></th><th colspan="3"><b>Fish tooth Fish scale Fish bone</b></th></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Dendrina</i> Quenstedt, 1849</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th><i>D. dendrina</i> (Morris, 1851) comb. nov. *</th><td>T</td><td>N</td><td>P</td><td></td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>D. belemniticola</i> Mägdefrau, 1937</th><td>T</td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>D. lacerata</i> Hofmann, 1996</th><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td>N</td><td>P?</td><td>P?</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Clionolithes</i> Clarke, 1908</th></tr><tr><th><i>C. radicans</i> Clarke, 1908 *</th><td></td><td></td><td>P</td><td>P</td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. palmatus</i> Clarke, 1908</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td>P</td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. pannosus</i> (Solle, 1938) comb. nov.</th><td>P?</td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. cervicornis</i> (Vogel <i>et al.</i>, 1987)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. alcicornis</i> (Vogel <i>et al.</i>, 1987) comb. nov.</th><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. convexus</i> (Hofmann, 1996) comb. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Calcideletrix</i> Mägdefrau, 1937</th></tr><tr><th><i>C. flexuosa</i> Mägdefrau, 1937 *</th><td>T</td><td>N</td><td>P</td><td></td><td>P</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. breviramosa</i> Mägdefrau, 1937</th><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. anomala</i> (Mägdefrau, 1937) comb. nov.</th><td>T</td><td>N</td><td>P</td><td></td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>C. fastigata</i> (Radtke, 1991) comb. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Dictyoporus</i> Mägdefrau, 1937</th></tr><tr><th><i>D. nodosus</i> Mägdefrau, 1937 *</th><td>T</td><td></td><td>P</td><td>P</td><td>P</td><td></td><td>N</td><td>P</td><td>P</td><td></td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>D. balani</i> (Tavernier <i>et al.</i>, 1992) comb. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Abeliella</i> Mägdefrau, 1937</th></tr><tr><th><i>A. riccioides</i> Mägdefrau, 1937 *</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>P</td><td>T</td><td>P</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. procera</i> Mägdefrau, 1937</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>N</td><td>T</td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Nododendrina</i> Vogel <i>et al.</i>, 1987</th></tr><tr><th><i>N. europaea</i> (Fischer, 1875) comb. nov.</th><td>P</td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td>P</td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td>P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>N. incomposita</i> (Mägdefrau, 1937) comb. nov.</th><td>P</td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td>P?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>N. paleodendrica</i> (Elias, 1957) comb. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>N. nodosa</i> Vogel <i>et al.</i>, 1987 *</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Pyrodendrina</i> Tapanila, 2008</th></tr><tr><th><i>P. cupra</i> Tapanila, 2008 *</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>P?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>P. arctica</i> isp. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>P. belua</i> isp. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>P. villosa</i> isp. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Rhopalondendrina</i> igen. nov.</th></tr><tr><th><i>R. avis</i> igen. et isp. nov. *</th><td>T</td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>R. acanthina</i> igen. et isp. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>P?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>P. contra</i> igen. et isp. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>P. tigris</i> igen. et isp. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th colspan="15"><i>Antodendrina</i> igen. nov.</th></tr><tr><th><i>A. ligula</i> igen. et isp. nov. *</th><td></td><td></td><td>T</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Total number per substrate type**:</th><td>12</td><td>3</td><td>21</td><td>4</td><td>15</td><td>5</td><td>4</td><td>1</td><td>7</td><td>4</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table>
Data from: Monocyte recruitment to the dermis and differentiation to dendritic cells increases the targets for Dengue virus replication
Dengue virus (DENV) causes the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans. Although Aedes mosquitoes transmit DENV when probing for blood in the skin, no information exists on DENV infection and immune response in the dermis, where the blood vessels are found. DENV suppresses the interferon response, replicates, and causes disease in humans but not wild-type mice. Here, we used mice lacking the interferon-α/β receptor (Ifnar–/–), which had normal cell populations in the skin and were susceptible to intradermal DENV infection, to investigate the dynamics of early DENV infection of immune cells in the skin. CD103+ classical dendritic cells (cDCs), Ly6C– CD11b+ cDCs, and macrophages in the steady-state dermis were initial targets of DENV infection 12-24 hours post-inoculation but then decreased in frequency. We demonstrated recruitment of adoptively-transferred Ly6Chigh monocytes from wild-type and Ifnar–/– origin to the DENV-infected dermis and differentiation to Ly6C+ CD11b+ monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs), which became DENV-infected after 48 hours, and were then the major targets for virus replication. Ly6Chigh monocytes that entered the DENV-infected dermis expressed chemokine receptor CCR2, likely mediating recruitment. Further, we show that ~100-fold more hematopoietic cells in the dermis were DENV-infected compared to Langerhans cells in the epidermis. Overall, these results identify the dermis as the main site of early DENV replication and show that DENV infection in the skin occurs in two waves: initial infection of resident cDCs and macrophages, followed by infection of monocytes and moDCs that are recruited to the dermis. Our study reveals a novel viral strategy of exploiting monocyte recruitment to increase the number of targets for infection at the site of invasion in the skin and highlights the skin as a potential site for therapeutic action or intradermal vaccination.
Raw images for: The narrowing of dendrite branches across nodes follows a well-defined scaling law
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>The systematic variation of diameters in branched networks has tantalized biologists since the discovery of da Vinci's rule for trees. Da Vinci's rule can be formulated as a power law with exponent two: the square of the mother branch's diameter is equal to the sum of the squares of those of the daughters. Power laws, with different exponents, have been proposed for branching in circulatory systems (Murray's law with exponent 3) and in neurons (Rall's law with exponent 3/2). The laws have been derived theoretically, based on optimality arguments, but, for the most part, have not been tested rigorously. Using super-resolution methods to measure the diameters of dendrites in highly branched <i>Drosophila</i> Class IV sensory neurons, we have found that these types of power laws do not hold. In their place, we have discovered a different diameter-scaling law: the cross-sectional area is proportional to the number of dendrite tips supported by the branch plus a constant, corresponding to a minimum diameter of the terminal dendrites. The area proportionality accords with a requirement for microtubules to transport materials and nutrients for dendrite tip growth. The minimum diameter may be set by the force, on the order of a few piconewtons, required to bend membrane into the highly curved surfaces of terminal dendrites. Because the observed scaling differs from Rall's law, we propose that cell biological constraints such as intracellular transport and protrusive forces generated by the cytoskeleton are important in determining the branched morphology of these cells.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Dynamic interactome of the MHC I peptide loading complex in human dendritic cells - Source Ib
<p>Source data underlying MS data set (Fig.1). Datafile comprises MaxQuant output files.</p>
Sample datasets for review of "Sub-cellular population imaging tools reveal stable apical dendrites in hippocampal area CA3"
<p>2 sample .tiff stacks and desired output files for use in evaluating the algorithm described in "Sub-cellular population imaging tools reveal stable apical dendrites in hippocampal area CA3"</p>
Supplementary Data to "Simulation of dendritic-eutectic growth with the phase-field method" by Seiz et al. pt. 2
<p>Data from some additional simulations conducted during the review of the paper. The goal was to test whether the theory delineating the dendritic-eutectic regime from the eutectic regime would also be applicable at lower solidification speeds. I chose the gradient G = 99 K/mm for quicker convergence and a target crossover concentration of c_0 = 0.11 to roughly get a factor of 10 slower crossover velocity compared to the previous simulations. The crossover velocity, following the theory, ended up being V= 8.347 um/s. The grid spacing was increased by a factor of 3 motivated by the classical scaling laws VR^2 = const. (R= dendrite tip radius or lamellar spacing) and approximating sqrt(10) as 3. At first, three test concentrations (c_0 = 0.1, 0.11, 0.12) are considered. If the theory is right, only c_0 = 0.1 should yield dendritic-eutectic growth.</p> <p> </p> <p>Even after an increase of grid spacing, having more than 5 diffusion lengths between the solidification front and the boundary would have required in excess of 15k cells in the growth direction. Thus I opted to work with a smaller domain for which I later needed to account. I employed a domain of 1200 um (4k cells) in the growth direction, with the moving cutoff at 600 um, and a width of 270 um. This makes for about 2.5 diffusion lengths (l_d = 239.6 um) between the front and the boundary. This did influence the results, as the simulation with c_0 = 0.11 showed dendritic-eutectic growth. Fitting an exponential ansatz for the concentration c(x) = c_inf + dc exp(-x/l_d) (x starting from the dendrite tip) showed that the apparent far-field concentration c_inf=0.108243 was actually within the dendritic-eutectic regime.</p> <p>In order to approximate a simulation for which c_inf = 0.11, the ansatz was employed to solve for c(x_b = 600um) using the actual diffusion length for l_d and observed tip concentration to determine dc. This led to a boundary value of c(x_b) = 0.115, for which another simulation was run. This simulation did show eutectic growth dominating, though the apparent far-field concentration (c_inf = 0.112216) at simulation end did not match the target concentration, likely due to being not converged yet. However, this point does lie within the eutectic regime as predicted by the theory and thus the theory also works at lower velocities once the problem of finite domain sizes is accounted for.</p> <p> </p> <p>Videos showing the evolution of the four simulations with different boundary concentration are attached, though with somewhat variable time between frames. The videos show a 660 x 270 um view of the simulation, slightly beyond the moving window cutoff.</p> <p>Attached as well is the updated microstructure map (with the new simulations plotted over their apparent far-field concentration) and a plot of the height difference between the maximal observed position of the alpha and theta phase. The latter serves as an easy way to differentiate dominant eutectic from dominant dendritic-eutectic growth, as this difference goes to zero for dominant eutectic growth, but some significant non-zero value for dendritic-eutectic growth.</p>
MCT1 gene silencing enhances the immune effect of dendritic cells on cervical cancer cells
<p>Statistics for Figure 1-6.</p> <p><strong>Figure S1</strong> Cube maps for the levels of expression for DC markers after sLA exposure and LPS challenge. DCs were first infected with Ad-shCtrl and Ad-shMCT1 adenoviruses for 24 h, then co-cultured with 50 mM sLA or PBS for 48 h, and finally stimulated with 1 ug/mL LPS for 24 h. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD1a (A), CD80 (B), CD83 (C), CD86 (D) and MHCII (E) in DCs. The column height represents the average value, and the bar of the column is the standard deviation. P value was calculated by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test following analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing between multiple groups or by Student's t test between (PBS vs sLA treatment</p> <p>Table S1. Statistics for Figure S1.</p>
MCT1 gene silencing enhances the immune effect of dendritic cells on cervical cancer cells
<p>Figur 1. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure 1.</p> <p>Figur 2. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure 2.</p> <p>Figur 3. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure 3.</p> <p>Figur 4. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure 4.</p> <p>Figur 5. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure 5.</p> <p>Figur 6. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure 6.</p> <p>Figur s1. xlsx, Results of ANOVA as presented in Figure s1.</p> <p>supplementary figure. docx, <strong>Figure S1</strong> Cube maps for the levels of expression for DC markers after sLA exposure and LPS challenge. DCs were first infected with Ad-shCtrl and Ad-shMCT1 adenoviruses for 24 h, then co-cultured with 50 mM sLA or PBS for 48 h, and finally stimulated with 1 ug/mL LPS for 24 h. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD1a (A), CD80 (B), CD83 (C), CD86 (D) and MHCII (E) in DCs.</p> <p>Table S1. docx, Statistics for Figure S1.</p>
Phase 3 Trial of Autologous Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy Plus Standard Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01582672. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 8. Publications: 1.
Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancers Using CEA-Pulsed Dendritic Cells and Subsequent IL-2 Treatment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00154713. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Phase I Safety Study of Dendritic Cell Vaccine to Treat Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01974661. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Study of HER2 Directed Dendritic Cell (DC1) Vaccine + Weekly Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab & Pertuzumab
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05325632. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Impact of Fluticasone and Salmeterol on Airway Dendritic Cells (DCs) in Smokers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00908362. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy Against Cancer Stem Cells in Glioblastoma Patients Receiving Standard Therapy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03548571. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Immune Responses To Antigen-Bearing Dendritic Cells in Patients With Malignancy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00700167. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Vaccination of Melanoma Patients With Dendritic Cells Loaded With Allogeneic Apoptotic-Necrotic Melanoma Cells
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00515983. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Engineered Dendritic Cell Vaccines for Multiple Myeloma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06435910. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
Study of Venetoclax, a BCL2 Antagonist, for Patients With Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03485547. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
DENdritic Cell Immunotherapy for Mesothelioma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03610360. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 5. Publications: 1.
Safety Study of a Dendritic Cell-based Cancer Vaccine in Melanoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01863108. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
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