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151 results for “Ecological scales”
Data from: Ecological effects on metabolic scaling amphipod responses to fish predators in freshwater springs
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Effect of ecological factors on fine-scale patterns of social structure in African lions
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Ecological network complexity scales with area
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Metabolic theory of ecology successfully predicts distinct scaling of ectoparasite load on hosts
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Dataset on Article: Multiple stressors determine river ecological status at the European scale: Towards an integrated understanding of river status deterioration
<p>The shape file contains the raw data from the Global Change Biology article "River types, hydrology, riparian land use, nutrients, toxic substances, ecological status, stressor interactions". </p> <p><strong>General Information</strong></p> <p>Name of the dataset: MultipleStress_RiverEcoStatus.shp</p> <p>Type of dataset: vector data (shape file)</p> <p>Number of polygons: 52.847</p> <p>Geographic Coordinate System: GCS_WGS_1984</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Contact details</strong></p> <p>Metadata / scientific contact person:</p> <p> First, last name: Sebastian Birk</p> <p> Email: <a href="mailto:sebastian.birk@uni-due.de">sebastian.birk@uni-due.de</a></p> <p> Institution: University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Aquatic Ecology</p> <p> Address: Universitätsstrasse 5</p> <p> Postal code, city: 45141 Essen</p> <p> Country: Germany</p> <p> Web address: <a href="https://www.uni-due.de/aquatic_ecology/">https://www.uni-due.de/aquatic_ecology/</a></p> <p><strong>Attribute description</strong></p> <p><strong>m_zhyd_1</strong></p> <ul> <li>Unique identifier of FEC (Functional Elementary Catchment)</li> <li>Data structure: character</li> </ul> <p><strong>mars_bt12</strong></p> <ul> <li>Broad river type aggregated</li> <li>Data structure: character</li> </ul> <p><strong>eco_stat_2</strong></p> <ul> <li>Ecological status (class)</li> <li>Data structure: character</li> </ul> <p><strong>eco_stat_n</strong></p> <ul> <li>Ecological status (numeric class)</li> <li>Data structure: integer</li> </ul> <p><strong>LoadTPArea</strong></p> <ul> <li>Total phosphorous riverine loading (unit: kg km<sup>-2</sup> a<sup>-1</sup>)</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>LoadTN_Are</strong></p> <ul> <li>Total nitrogen riverine loading (unit: kg ha<sup>-1</sup> a<sup>-1</sup>)</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>lu_r_urb</strong></p> <ul> <li>Percent urban land use in the riparian zone</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>lu_r_agr</strong></p> <ul> <li>Percent agricultural land use in the riparian zone</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>hy_maf_abs</strong></p> <ul> <li>Alteration of mean annual flow (ratio scale)</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>hy_bfi_abs</strong></p> <ul> <li>Alteration of base flow (ratio scale)</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>msPAFP5EC5</strong></p> <ul> <li>Multi-substance Potentially Affected Fraction of species (msPAF-EC<sub>50</sub> based on 95<sup>th</sup> percentile)</li> <li>Decimal separator: comma</li> <li>Data structure: double</li> </ul> <p><strong>Further information</strong></p> <p>For more details on the dataset, see</p> <p>(Manuscript accepted, wating for publication at the moment)<br> </p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>This work was funded by the MARS project (Managing Aquatic ecosystems and water resources under multiple stress), funded by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme, contract no. 603378.</p>
Data from: Genetic data reveal fine-scale ecological segregation between larval plethodontid salamanders in replicate contact zones
<p>Contact zones present unique opportunities to investigate ecological divergence, reproductive barriers, and gene flow between species. The two-lined salamander (<em>Eurycea</em> <em>bislineata</em>) species complex is a group of semiaquatic plethodontid salamanders with a reticulate evolutionary history that reflects the reorganization of river drainage basins. Although evidence for widespread, ancient introgression suggests an absence of reproductive isolating mechanisms in the early evolutionary history of the group, modern contact zones reveal a broader diversity of outcomes—with some putative species pairs occurring in sympatry and others exhibiting narrow hybrid zones. Here, we used RADcap data to investigate gene flow and ecological divergence in replicate contact zones between two species in the Appalachian foothills. Our results demonstrate that gene flow between these species is absent or rare, and larvae show strong, fine-scale ecological segregation among riffles, runs, and pools in streams. These results reinforce the more ambiguous conclusions of previous studies that suggested the evolutionary distinctiveness of these two species and underscore the importance of ecological factors in shaping local distributions.</p>
Data from: The challenges that spatial context present for synthesizing community ecology across scales
Accurately characterizing spatial patterns on landscapes is necessary to understand the processes that generate biodiversity, a problem that has applications in ecological theory, conservation planning, ecosystem restoration, and ecosystem management. However, the measurement of biodiversity patterns and the ecological and evolutionary processes that underlie those patterns is highly dependent on the study unit size, boundary placement, and number of observations. These issues, together known as the modifiable areal unit problem, are well known in geography. These factors limit the degree to which results from different metacommunity and macro-ecological studies can be compared to draw new inferences, and yet these types of comparisons are widespread in community ecology. Using aquatic community datasets, we demonstrate that spatial context drives analytical results when landscapes are sub-divided. Next, we present a framework for using resampling and neighborhood smoothing to standardize datasets to allow for inferential comparisons. We then provide examples for how addressing these issues enhances our ability to understand the processes shaping ecological communities at landscape scales and allows for informative meta-analytical synthesis. We conclude by calling for greater recognition of issues derived from the modifiable areal unit problem in community ecology, discuss implications of the problem for interpreting the existing literature, and identify tools and approaches for future research.
Data from: Fine-scale appendage structure of the Cambrian trilobitomorph Naraoia spinosa and its ontogenetic and ecological implications
<p>Trilobitomorphs are a species-rich Palaeozoic arthropod assemblage that unites trilobites with several other lineages that share similar appendage structure. Post-embryonic development of the exoskeleton is well documented for some trilobitomorphs, especially trilobites, but little is known of the ontogeny of their soft parts, limiting understanding of their autecology. Here we document appendage structure of the Cambrian naraoiid trilobitomorph Naraoia spinosa by computed microtomography, resulting in three-dimensional reconstructions of appendages at both juvenile and adult stages. The adult has dense, strong spines on the protopods of post-antennal appendages, implying a predatory/scavenging behavior. Absence of such gnathobasic structures but instead tiny protopodal bristles and a number of endopodal setae suggests a detritus-feeding strategy for the juvenile. Our data add strong morphological evidence for ecological-niche shifting by Cambrian arthropods during their life cycles. A conserved number of appendages across the sampled developmental stages demonstrates that Naraoia ceased budding off new appendages by the mid-juvenile stage.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Genomic data detect corresponding signatures of population size change on an ecological time scale in two salamander species
Understanding the demography of species over recent history (e.g., < 100 years) is critical in studies of ecology and evolution, but records of population history are rarely available. Surveying genetic variation is a potential alternative to census-based estimates of population size, and can yield insight into the demography of a population. However, to assess the performance of genetic methods it is important to compare their estimates of population history to known demography. Here, we leveraged the exceptional resources from a wetland with 37 years of amphibian mark-recapture data to study the utility of genetically-based demographic inference on salamander species with documented population declines (Ambystoma talpoideum) and expansions (A. opacum); patterns that have been shown to be correlated with changes in wetland hydroperiod. We generated ddRAD data from two temporally sampled populations of A. opacum (1993, 2013) and A. talpoideum (1984, 2011) and used coalescent-based demographic inference to compare alternate evolutionary models. For both species, demographic model inference supported population size changes that corroborated mark-recapture data. Parameter estimation in A. talpoideum was robust to our variations in analytical approach, while estimates for A. opacum were highly inconsistent, tempering our confidence in detecting a demographic trend in this species. Overall, our robust results in A. talpoideum suggest that genome-based demographic inference has utility on an ecological scale, but researchers should also be cognizant that these methods may not work in all systems and evolutionary scenarios. Demographic inference may be an important tool for population monitoring and conservation management planning.
Data for: Ecological associations distribution modelling of marine plankton at global scale (2024)
<p>Datasets used to generate and project ADMs.</p> <p><a href="https://gitlab.univ-nantes.fr/combi-ls2n/adm">Click here to access to the git repository</a></p>
Identifying relationships between multi-scale social-ecological factors to explore ungulate health in a Western Kazakhstan rangeland
<p>1. Rangelands are multi-use landscapes which are socially and ecologically important in different ways. Among other interactions, shared use of rangelands by wildlife and livestock can lead to disease transmission. Understanding wildlife and livestock health and managing disease transmission in rangelands requires an integration of social and ecological knowledge.</p> <p>2. Using the example of Western Kazakhstan, home to two types of ungulate hosts, the critically-endangered saiga antelopes, <i>Saiga tatarica</i>, and livestock, we conducted a cross-scale analysis of social-economic, ecological and climatic factors that contribute to transmission of diseases. We focused on Gastro-intestinal Nematodes (GINs) because they are transmitted between hosts that share pasture and they affect ungulate fitness. We used an interdisciplinary social-ecological methods approach which included conducting fecal egg counts of GINs in saigas and livestock, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with livestock owners and herders in the region, and triangulation of information through secondary sources.</p> <p>3. Livestock rearing was done in two ways a) village-based livestock and b) outlying farms. The latter overlapped more with saigas. Village-based livestock had significantly higher worm burdens than those on outlying farms, which had comparable burdens to saigas. Various factors exacerbate GIN prevalence and transmission: Veterinary services are minimal; both saiga and livestock numbers are increasing; and changing climate is increasing farmers' dependence on shared pastures for hay production. It will be crucial for saiga conservationists to engage in multi-pronged conservation interventions, which are evaluated and adapted through the lens of rural livelihoods and the livestock health on which they depend.</p> <p>4. <em>Synthesis and Application: </em>Our work provides researchers and practitioners with an avenue to better understand complex inter-relationships and plan interventions within rangelands, while viewing host health from an interdisciplinary perspective - ultimately working towards wildlife conservation whilst safeguarding livelihoods across the world's rangelands.</p>
Text-fig. 6. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a: Volume rendering of flower in apical view showing five narrow calyx lobes; note that the apical part of the five-angled style is sealed (arrow). b: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xy0796) showing transverse sections of calyx lobes with three distinct bundles indicated by arrows in one of the lobes, ovary wall (ow) and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). c, d: Transverse sections of style (c, orthoslice xy0153; d, orthoslice xy0222) showing five angled form, sealed near apex (c) and with prominent central canal further farther down (d). e: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xz1024) in longitudinal section showing calyx, semi-inferior ovary with ovary wall (ow), and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimen, Mira 100-S153145 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 µm (a, b, e), 100 µm (c, d). in Early Flowers Of Primuloid Ericales From The Late Cretaceous Of Portugal And Their Ecological And Phytogeographic Implications
Text-fig. 6. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a: Volume rendering of flower in apical view showing five narrow calyx lobes; note that the apical part of the five-angled style is sealed (arrow). b: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xy0796) showing transverse sections of calyx lobes with three distinct bundles indicated by arrows in one of the lobes, ovary wall (ow) and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). c, d: Transverse sections of style (c, orthoslice xy0153; d, orthoslice xy0222) showing five angled form, sealed near apex (c) and with prominent central canal further farther down (d). e: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xz1024) in longitudinal section showing calyx, semi-inferior ovary with ovary wall (ow), and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimen, Mira 100-S153145 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 µm (a, b, e), 100 µm (c, d).
Text-fig. 4. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a, b: Transverse (a) and longitudinal (b) sections of flower showing the ovary wall (ow) and numerous ovules (ov) borne on the mushroom-shaped central globose placenta (pl, blue); placenta shown as a voltex rendering added to orthoslices; note the large openings in the floral tissue (asterisks) interpreted as schizogenous secretory cavities. c, d: Longitudinal (c) and transverse (d) sections of flower (c, volume rendering cut between orthoslice yz0970-1005; d, volume rendering cut between orthoslice xy0780-0820) showing semiinferior ovary (ow, ovary wall) with sepals inserted at the rim of the hypanthium, central column (cc) with mushroom-shaped globose placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimens, Mira 100-S153146 (a, b), Mira 100-S170155 (c, d, holotype). Scale bars = 600 µm (a–d). in Early Flowers Of Primuloid Ericales From The Late Cretaceous Of Portugal And Their Ecological And Phytogeographic Implications
Text-fig. 4. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a, b: Transverse (a) and longitudinal (b) sections of flower showing the ovary wall (ow) and numerous ovules (ov) borne on the mushroom-shaped central globose placenta (pl, blue); placenta shown as a voltex rendering added to orthoslices; note the large openings in the floral tissue (asterisks) interpreted as schizogenous secretory cavities. c, d: Longitudinal (c) and transverse (d) sections of flower (c, volume rendering cut between orthoslice yz0970-1005; d, volume rendering cut between orthoslice xy0780-0820) showing semiinferior ovary (ow, ovary wall) with sepals inserted at the rim of the hypanthium, central column (cc) with mushroom-shaped globose placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimens, Mira 100-S153146 (a, b), Mira 100-S170155 (c, d, holotype). Scale bars = 600 µm (a–d).
Figure 4 from: Kissling WD, Seijmonsbergen AC, Foppen RPB, Bouten W (2017) eEcoLiDAR, eScience infrastructure for ecological applications of LiDAR point clouds: reconstructing the 3D ecosystem structure for animals at regional to continental scales. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e14939. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e14939
Figure 4 - Time table for the eEcoLiDAR project (assuming a start in March 2017). The work plan covers tasks for the NLeSC engineers, the proposed PhD student, and two associated Postdoc projects.
Figure 3 from: Kissling WD, Seijmonsbergen AC, Foppen RPB, Bouten W (2017) eEcoLiDAR, eScience infrastructure for ecological applications of LiDAR point clouds: reconstructing the 3D ecosystem structure for animals at regional to continental scales. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e14939. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e14939
Figure 3 - Example of identifying trees in a forest from LiDAR data. Illustrated is a small plot of poplar trees in Flevoland, The Netherlands, for which tree crowns and tree tops have been calculated.
Figure 2 from: Kissling WD, Seijmonsbergen AC, Foppen RPB, Bouten W (2017) eEcoLiDAR, eScience infrastructure for ecological applications of LiDAR point clouds: reconstructing the 3D ecosystem structure for animals at regional to continental scales. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e14939. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e14939
Figure 2 - Generic workflow for object-based image analysis (OBIA) of LiDAR point clouds and proposed ecological applications. A workbench (blue) will be developed to handle the data storage, data exploration, and interactive OBIA of the massive LiDAR point clouds. Combined with datasets of bird distributions, climate, and other remote sensing layers (orange), the LiDAR data will be applied to several ecological case studies, e.g. by using species distribution modelling of birds and insect pollinators (green).
Figure 1 from: Kissling WD, Seijmonsbergen AC, Foppen RPB, Bouten W (2017) eEcoLiDAR, eScience infrastructure for ecological applications of LiDAR point clouds: reconstructing the 3D ecosystem structure for animals at regional to continental scales. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e14939. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e14939
Figure 1 - The vertical and horizontal distribution of plants influences habitat structure and 3D characteristics of vegetation for animals. Illustrated are examples for (a) forests, (b) agricultural and open landscapes, and (c) reedbeds and marshlands. The height, openness and density of vegetation as well as specific habitat features (e.g. tree species, hedges etc.) are key aspects of animal habitat and space use.
Data from: Community functional trait composition at the continental scale: the effects of non-ecological processes
Ecological communities and their response to environmental gradients are increasingly being described by measures of trait composition at the community level – the trait-based approach. Whether ecological or non-ecological processes influence trait composition between communities has been debated. Understanding the processes that influence trait composition is important for reconstructing paleoenvironmental conditions from fossil deposits and for understanding changes in community functionality through time. Here, we assess the influence of ecological and non-ecological processes on the distribution of traits within North American mammals. We found that non-ecological processes including historical contingency, spatial autocorrelation, and evolutionary history do not influence trait composition; however, the variance in trait composition is highly explained by climate gradients. Our results suggest that habitat breadth, terrestriality, diet breadth, and reproductive traits are strong candidates as proxies for measuring functional aspects of environments in the past and present.
Identifying relationships between multi-scale social-ecological factors to explore ungulate health in a Western Kazakhstan rangeland
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Data from: The challenges that spatial context present for synthesizing community ecology across scales
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.