Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →

Figure 2 in New insights on the external features of egg capsules and embryo development in the squid Loligo vulgaris

Figure 2. Aspect of the five (I–V) egg capsule stages preserved in 70% ethanol.

opencc-zeroOct 2020View details →

Temporal variation in maternal nest choice and its consequences for lizard embryos

Microhabitat choice of nest sites is an important maternal effect that influences the survival and development of embryos in oviparous species. Embryos of many species display a high degree of plasticity in response to developmental environments, which places maternal nesting behavior under strong selective pressure, particularly in temporally-changing environments. Nesting behavior varies widely across taxa that exhibit diverse reproductive strategies. The brown anole (Anolis sagrei), for example, lays one egg every 7-10 days across an extended reproductive season from April to October. This aspect of their reproduction provides an opportunity to examine temporal shifts in nesting behavior and its consequences on egg survival and offspring development under seasonally-changing climatic conditions. We conducted a two-part study to quantify temporal variation in maternal nesting behavior and its effect on development of A. sagrei embryos. First, we measured nest microenvironments over the nesting season. Second, we "planted" eggs across the landscape at our field site to examine the influence of nest conditions on egg survival and hatchling phenotypes. We also incubated eggs inside chambers in the field to decouple effects of nest moisture from those of other environmental variables (e.g., temperature).Females chose nest sites with higher moisture and lower temperatures relative to what was generally available across the landscape during the nesting season. In addition, eggs exposed to relatively cool temperatures had higher hatching success, and high nest moisture increased egg survival and body condition of hatchlings. Overall, we provide evidence in the field that maternal nesting behavior facilitates offspring survival.

opencc-zeroMay 2020View details →

Cellular plasticity in response to suppression of storage proteins in the Brassica napus embryo

The trade-off between protein and oil storage in oilseed crops has been tested here in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) by analyzing the effect of suppressing key genes encoding protein storage products (napin, cruciferin). The phenotypic outcomes were assessed using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry imaging, microscopy, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, immunological assays as well as by flux balance analysis. Surprisingly, the profile of storage products was only moderately changed in RNAi transgenics. However, embryonic cells had undergone remarkable architectural rearrangements. The suppression of storage proteins led to the elaboration of membrane stacks enriched with oleosin (6-fold higher protein abundance) and novel ER morphology. Protein rebalancing, and amino acid metabolism were focal points of the metabolic adjustments to maintain embryonic carbon/nitrogen homeostasis. Flux balance analysis indicated a rather minor additional demand for cofactors (ATP, NADPH). The conclusion was that cellular plasticity in seeds protects against perturbations to its storage capabilities, and hence contributes materially to homeostasis. The study provides novel mechanistic insights into the intriguing link between lipid and protein storage, which have implications for biotechnological strategies directed at the improvement of oilseed crops.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Transcriptomics reveal transgenerational effects in purple sea urchin embryos: adult acclimation to upwelling conditions alters the response of their progeny to differential pCO2 levels

Understanding the mechanisms with which organisms can respond to a rapidly changing ocean is an important research priority in marine sciences, especially in light of recent predictions regarding the pace of ocean change in the coming decades. Transgenerational effects, in which the experience of the parental generation can shape the phenotype of their offspring, may serve as such a mechanism. In this study, adult purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, were conditioned to regionally and ecologically relevant pCO2 levels and temperatures representative of upwelling (low temperature, high pCO2) and non-upwelling (average temperature, low pCO2) conditions typical of coastal upwelling regions in the California Current System. Following 4.5 months of conditioning, adults were spawned and offspring were raised under either high or low pCO2 levels, to examine the role of maternal effects. Using RNA-seq and comparative transcriptomics, our results indicate that differential conditioning of the adults had an effect on the gene expression patterns of the progeny during the gastrula stage of early development. For example, maternal conditioning under upwelling conditions intensified the transcriptomic response of the progeny when they were raised under high versus low pCO2 conditions. Additionally, mothers that experienced upwelling conditions produced larger progeny. The overall findings of this study are complex, but do suggest that transgenerational plasticity in situ could act as an important mechanism by which populations might keep pace with rapid environmental change.

opencc-zeroOct 2019View details →

Embryo survival in the oviduct not significantly influenced by major histocompatibility complex social signaling in the horse

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) influences sexual selection in various vertebrates. Recently, MHC-linked social signaling was also shown to influence female fertility in horses (Equus caballus) diagnosed 17 days after fertilization. However, it remained unclear at which stage the pregnancy was terminated. Here we test if MHC-linked cryptic female choice in horses happens during the first days of pregnancy, i.e., until shortly after embryonic entrance into the uterus and before fixation in the endometrium. We exposed estrous mares to one of several unrelated stallions, instrumentally inseminated them with semen of another stallion, and flushed the uterus 8 days later to test for the presence of embryos. In total 68 embryos could be collected from 97 experimental trials. This success rate of 70.1% was significantly different from the mean pregnancy rate of 45.7% observed 17 days after fertilization using the same experimental protocol but without embryo flushing. Embryo recovery rate was not significantly dependent on whether the mares had been socially exposed to an MHC-dissimilar or an MHC-similar stallion. These observations suggest that MHC-linked maternal strategies affect embryo survival mainly (or only) during the time of fixation in the uterus.

opencc-zeroJun 2021View details →

Data from: Mechanical feedback and robustness of apical constrictions in Drosophila embryo ventral furrow formation

Formation of the ventral furrow in the Drosophila embryo relies on the apical constriction of cells in the ventral region to produce bending forces that drive tissue invagination. Recently [J Phys Condens Matter. 2016;28(41):414021], we observed that apical constrictions during the initial phase of ventral furrow formation produce elongated patterns of cellular constriction chains prior to invagination, and argued that these are indicative of tensile stress feedback. Here, we quantitatively analyze the constriction patterns preceding ventral furrow formation and find that they are consistent with the predictions of our active-granular-fluid model of a monolayer of mechanically coupled stress-sensitive constricting particles. Our model shows that tensile feedback causes constriction chains to develop along underlying precursor tensile stress chains that gradually strengthen with subsequent cellular constrictions. As seen in both our model and available optogenetic experiments, this mechanism allows constriction chains to penetrate or circumvent zones of reduced cell contractility, thus increasing the robustness of ventral furrow formation to spatial variation of cell contractility by rescuing cellular constrictions in the disrupted regions.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2016View details →

Dataset 1: All homozygous mutant embryo phenotypes from lethal and sub-viable lines scored by DMDD to date (Nov 2016)

The table lists the annotation data from homozygous mutant embryos that is the basis of the study. For every annotation the gene symbol, MGI_ID, allele symbol, DMDD_ID, MP term, ID and name is listed. In some cases the same MP term is listed more than once for a specific embryo (DMDD_ID), indicating the phenotypic abnormality was observed more than once in that embryo.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2017View details →

Dataset 2: All wild type embryo phenotypes from lethal and sub-viable lines scored by DMDD to date (Nov 2016)

The table lists the annotation data from wild type embryos that is the basis of the study. For every annotation the gene symbol, MGI_ID, allele symbol, DMDD_ID, MP term, ID and name is listed. In some cases the same MP term is listed more than once for a specific embryo (DMDD_ID), indicating the phenotypic abnormality was observed more than once in that embryo.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

[Dataset and Code] Axis convergence in C. elegans embryos

Embryos develop in a surrounding that guides key aspects of their development. For example, the anteroposterior (AP) body axis is always aligned with the geometric long axis of the surrounding eggshell in fruit flies and worms. The mechanisms that ensure convergence of the AP axis with the long axis of the eggshell remain unresolved. We investigate axis convergence in early C. elegans development, where the nascent AP axis, when misaligned, actively re-aligns to converge with the long axis of the egg.  Here, we identify two physical mechanisms that underlie axis convergence.  First, bulk cytoplasmic flows, driven by actomyosin cortical flows, can directly reposition the AP axis. Second, active forces generated within the pseudocleavage furrow, a transient actomyosin structure similar to a contractile ring, can drive a mechanical re-orientation such that it becomes positioned perpendicular to the long axis of the egg. This in turn ensures AP axis convergence. Numerical simulations, together with experiments that either abolish the pseudocleavage furrow or change the shape of the egg, demonstrate that the pseudocleavage furrow-dependent mechanism is the major driver of axis convergence. We conclude that active force generation within the actomyosin cortical layer drives axis convergence in the early nematode.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Data from: Parasitic fish embryos do a 'front-flip' on the yolk to resist expulsion from the host

Bitterlings are brood parasitic fish which complete their early development in the internal gill spaces of freshwater mussels. Bitterling embryos have wing-like yolk sac extensions that help prevent them from being expelled from the gills by the water flow. The ability to resist expulsion may be helped by the consistent 'head-down' position that all embryos adopt in the gills. The mechanism behind this positioning is unknown. We hypothesise here that it might lie in a process of unknown function, specific to bitterlings. That process is blastokinesis — the rotation of the embryo on the yolk ball before hatching. We used time-lapse imaging, histology, X-ray tomography, and expression profiling of the genes fgf8a, krt8, msx3 and ctslb by in situ hybridization in the pre-hatching and hatching stages of the rosy bitterling (Rhodeus ocellatus). We find that blastokinesis is a gastrulation process that has been ventralized by the shape of the yolk mass. Furthermore, we show that bitterlings, unlike other teleosts, hatch mechanically without hatching enzymes, and we provide evidence that this is mediated instead by the apical tubercles on the yolk sac extension. Finally, our data suggest that blastokinesis is functional, because it represents the mechanism behind the optimal, 'head-down' positioning of the embryo. Our study provides an example of how selection pressures can lead to a suite of dramatic and coordinated modifications of early development.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Suppl. Table 1: Morphometric parameters of the embryo (blade).

Samuel Boscq Thesis Chapter 3 Supplementary data

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Suppl. Table 2: Cell morphometrics in each embryo.

Samuel Boscq Thesis Chapter 3 Supplementary data

Zebrafish embryos time-course, 5'UTR nup43

This Zenodo file contains data for the 5′ UTR-nup43-sfGFP mRNA reporter. Data consists of raw microscopy images of embryos, as well as csv files with quantification of relative sfGFP expression data (normalized to a dextran dye control) and png files depicting ROIs used for quantification presented in Figure 2 of Reimão-Pinto et al., Dev Cell, 2024. Embryos were injected with 1 nL of an injection mix directly into the cell at the 1-cell stage with a microinjection needle (Sutter Instruments) and allowed to develop in standard conditions. For single-reporter injections, 40pg 5′ UTR-sfGFP test reporter were co-injected with 2 ng fluorescent red dextran dye (D1868, Invitrogen) as injection control per embryo. Embryos were collected at the desired developmental stage and placed on a custom-made agarose mold with squared indents for placing and aligning the embryos. For fluorescence intensity quantification, zebrafish embryo images were acquired using an upright ZEISS Axiozoom coupled to an Axiocam 503 color/mono digital camera (14-bit depth) in black & white color mode with fixed laser power (red laser power 85% and 300 ms exposure; green laser power 65% and 300 ms exposure), fixed zoom and fixed exposure time for red mRF12 (590/612) and green AF488 (493/517) channels. Two rounds of single-reporter injections (embryos from two different clutches) were performed for fluorescence intensity quantifications. Images were quantified using Fiji (Image J) using a macro for automated thresholding and channel fluorescence intensity measurement. For each image, the script automatically segments the image based on red channel intensity (control dextran dye) using FIJI’s auto thresholding tool (RenyiEntropy) and outputs csv files with mean fluorescence intensities of red and green channels for that region of interest (and a small invariant region for background correction). The mean fluorescence values outputted were then used for calculating normalized mean intensity ratios (sfGFP/dextran). A total of 25 embryos per injection round were quantified, for a total of 50 embryos per time-point, per reporter. This excel contains normalized fluorescence intensity values calculated. More embryos were quantified than the ones included in the analysis (due to unequal number of embryos imaged per experiment, we decided to consider a fixed number of 25 per reporter injection). Some embryos were not considered for normalized intensity calculations due to improper automatic segmentation (e.g. due to the presence of a background dirt spot that is recognized as "signal"), due to precipitation of the dextran dye in the embryo's chorion or due to improper embryo development resulting from injury from injection. All images acquired are available for inspection. The FIJI macro for automated segmentation and ROI intensity measurements are also provided in the Mendeley Repository associated to the study.

Zebrafish embryos time-course, 5'UTRs hnrnpl and egfl6

This Zenodo file contains data for the 5′ UTR-hnrnpl-sfGFP and 5′ UTR-egfl6-sfGFP mRNA reporters. Data consists of raw microscopy images of embryos, as well as csv files with quantification of relative sfGFP expression data (normalized to a dextran dye control) and png files depicting ROIs used for quantification presented in Figure 2 of Reimão-Pinto et al., Dev Cell, 2024. Embryos were injected with 1 nL of an injection mix directly into the cell at the 1-cell stage with a microinjection needle (Sutter Instruments) and allowed to develop in standard conditions. For single-reporter injections, 40pg 5′ UTR-sfGFP test reporter were co-injected with 2 ng fluorescent red dextran dye (D1868, Invitrogen) as injection control per embryo. Embryos were collected at the desired developmental stage and placed on a custom-made agarose mold with squared indents for placing and aligning the embryos. For fluorescence intensity quantification, zebrafish embryo images were acquired using an upright ZEISS Axiozoom coupled to an Axiocam 503 color/mono digital camera (14-bit depth) in black & white color mode with fixed laser power (red laser power 85% and 300 ms exposure; green laser power 65% and 300 ms exposure), fixed zoom and fixed exposure time for red mRF12 (590/612) and green AF488 (493/517) channels. Two rounds of single-reporter injections (embryos from two different clutches) were performed for fluorescence intensity quantifications. Images were quantified using Fiji (Image J) using a macro for automated thresholding and channel fluorescence intensity measurement. For each image, the script automatically segments the image based on red channel intensity (control dextran dye) using FIJI’s auto thresholding tool (RenyiEntropy) and outputs csv files with mean fluorescence intensities of red and green channels for that region of interest (and a small invariant region for background correction). The mean fluorescence values outputted were then used for calculating normalized mean intensity ratios (sfGFP/dextran). A total of 25 embryos per injection round were quantified, for a total of 50 embryos per time-point, per reporter. This excel contains normalized fluorescence intensity values calculated. More embryos were quantified than the ones included in the analysis (due to unequal number of embryos imaged per experiment, we decided to consider a fixed number of 25 per reporter injection). Some embryos were not considered for normalized intensity calculations due to improper automatic segmentation (e.g. due to the presence of a background dirt spot that is recognized as "signal"), due to precipitation of the dextran dye in the embryo's chorion or due to improper embryo development resulting from injury from injection. All images acquired are available for inspection. The FIJI macro for automated segmentation and ROI intensity measurements are also provided in the Mendeley Repository associated to the study.

Zebrafish embryos time-course, M&Z 5'UTRs scarb2c

This Zenodo file contains data for the maternal and zygotic 5′ UTR-scarb2c-sfGFP mRNA reporters. Data consists of raw microscopy images of embryos, as well as csv files with quantification of relative sfGFP expression data (normalized to a dextran dye control) and png files depicting ROIs used for quantification presented in Figure 7 of Reimão-Pinto et al., Dev Cell, 2024. Embryos were injected with 1 nL of an injection mix directly into the cell at the 1-cell stage with a microinjection needle (Sutter Instruments) and allowed to develop in standard conditions. For single-reporter injections, 40pg 5′ UTR-sfGFP test reporter were co-injected with 2 ng fluorescent red dextran dye (D1868, Invitrogen) as injection control per embryo. Embryos were collected at the desired developmental stage and placed on a custom-made agarose mold with squared indents for placing and aligning the embryos. For fluorescence intensity quantification, zebrafish embryo images were acquired using an upright ZEISS Axiozoom coupled to an Axiocam 503 color/mono digital camera (14-bit depth) in black & white color mode with fixed laser power (red laser power 85% and 300 ms exposure; green laser power 65% and 300 ms exposure), fixed zoom and fixed exposure time for red mRF12 (590/612) and green AF488 (493/517) channels. Two rounds of single-reporter injections (embryos from two different clutches) were performed for fluorescence intensity quantifications. Images were quantified using Fiji (Image J) using a macro for automated thresholding and channel fluorescence intensity measurement. For each image, the script automatically segments the image based on red channel intensity (control dextran dye) using FIJI’s auto thresholding tool (RenyiEntropy) and outputs csv files with mean fluorescence intensities of red and green channels for that region of interest (and a small invariant region for background correction). The mean fluorescence values outputted were then used for calculating normalized mean intensity ratios (sfGFP/dextran). A total of 25 embryos per injection round were quantified, for a total of 50 embryos per time-point, per reporter. This excel contains normalized fluorescence intensity values calculated. More embryos were quantified than the ones included in the analysis (due to unequal number of embryos imaged per experiment, we decided to consider a fixed number of 25 per reporter injection). Some embryos were not considered for normalized intensity calculations due to improper automatic segmentation (e.g. due to the presence of a background dirt spot that is recognized as "signal"), due to precipitation of the dextran dye in the embryo's chorion or due to improper embryo development resulting from injury from injection. All images acquired are available for inspection. The FIJI macro for automated segmentation and ROI intensity measurements are also provided in the Mendeley Repository associated to the study.

Zebrafish embryos time-course, M&Z 5'UTRs cfl1l

This Zenodo file contains data for the maternal and zygotic 5′ UTR-cfl1l-sfGFP mRNA reporters. Data consists of raw microscopy images of embryos, as well as csv files with quantification of relative sfGFP expression data (normalized to a dextran dye control) and png files depicting ROIs used for quantification presented in Figure 7 of Reimão-Pinto et al., Dev Cell, 2024. Embryos were injected with 1 nL of an injection mix directly into the cell at the 1-cell stage with a microinjection needle (Sutter Instruments) and allowed to develop in standard conditions. For single-reporter injections, 40pg 5′ UTR-sfGFP test reporter were co-injected with 2 ng fluorescent red dextran dye (D1868, Invitrogen) as injection control per embryo. Embryos were collected at the desired developmental stage and placed on a custom-made agarose mold with squared indents for placing and aligning the embryos. For fluorescence intensity quantification, zebrafish embryo images were acquired using an upright ZEISS Axiozoom coupled to an Axiocam 503 color/mono digital camera (14-bit depth) in black & white color mode with fixed laser power (red laser power 85% and 300 ms exposure; green laser power 65% and 300 ms exposure), fixed zoom and fixed exposure time for red mRF12 (590/612) and green AF488 (493/517) channels. Two rounds of single-reporter injections (embryos from two different clutches) were performed for fluorescence intensity quantifications. Images were quantified using Fiji (Image J) using a macro for automated thresholding and channel fluorescence intensity measurement. For each image, the script automatically segments the image based on red channel intensity (control dextran dye) using FIJI’s auto thresholding tool (RenyiEntropy) and outputs csv files with mean fluorescence intensities of red and green channels for that region of interest (and a small invariant region for background correction). The mean fluorescence values outputted were then used for calculating normalized mean intensity ratios (sfGFP/dextran). A total of 25 embryos per injection round were quantified, for a total of 50 embryos per time-point, per reporter. This excel contains normalized fluorescence intensity values calculated. More embryos were quantified than the ones included in the analysis (due to unequal number of embryos imaged per experiment, we decided to consider a fixed number of 25 per reporter injection). Some embryos were not considered for normalized intensity calculations due to improper automatic segmentation (e.g. due to the presence of a background dirt spot that is recognized as "signal"), due to precipitation of the dextran dye in the embryo's chorion or due to improper embryo development resulting from injury from injection. All images acquired are available for inspection. The FIJI macro for automated segmentation and ROI intensity measurements are also provided in the Mendeley Repository associated to the study.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Investigation the cytotoxicity of newly synthesized quinazo-line–sulfonamide derivatives in human leukemia cell lines and hematopoietic activity in zebrafish embryos.

These videos contain the time lapse imaging of the wild type  zebrafish embryos showing the circulation, control (mock 0.5% V/V DMSO) and compound 4a treated embryos at 72 hours post fertilization. The compound 4a specifically blocked the formation of blood and no circulation was seen in these embryos.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Data from: How well do embryo development rate models derived from laboratory data predict embryo development in sea turtle nests?

Development rate of ectothermic animals varies with temperature. Here we use data derived from laboratory constant temperature incubation experiments to formulate development rate models that can be used to model embryonic development rate in sea turtle nests. We then use a novel method for detecting the time of hatching to measure the in situ incubation period of sea turtle clutches to test the accuracy of our models in predicting the incubation period from nest temperature traces. We found that all our models overestimated the incubation period. We hypothesize three possible explanations which are not mutually exclusive for the mismatch between our modeling and empirically measured in situ incubation period: (1) a difference in the way the incubation period is calculated in laboratory data and in our field nests, (2) inaccuracies in the assumptions made by our models at high incubation temperatures where there is no empirical laboratory data, and (3) a tendency for development rate in laboratory experiments to be progressively slower as temperature decreases compared with in situ incubation.