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1,190 results for “Jornada Basin”
Rainfall runoff water chemistry from 2 x 2 meter plots in grassland and creosotebush communities at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1988-1990
This data package contains data from natural rainfall-runoff plots installed on lands managed by the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) and the Jornada Experimental Range (JER) during the early years of Jornada Basin LTER (LTER-I and II). The purpose of this study was to analyze dissolved chemicals in surface runoff after precipitation events from creosotebush and grassland areas. In addition, some plots were treated with chlordane to remove termites. Nine hydrology runoff plots in the creosotebush sites (Larrea tridentata) were established in 1983 and 12 black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda) grassland runoff plots were established in 1989. Chemical analyses began in 1988 (1989 for grassland plots). Each plot was 2 × 2 square meters and surrounded on 3 sides by a metal frame. At the lower slope of the plot is a trough that collects the runoff for analysis. The data set includes the date of sampling, plot IDs, volume (L) of surface water runoff collected, and concentrations of F, Cl, NO3, SO4, NH4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, total N, and total P in mg/L. This study was completed in fall 1990.
Termite foraging data from bait mass loss at eleven locations at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1988-2000
This data package contains data on yearly mass loss of termite baits at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA. Termites are important to litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in desert grasslands. This study measured annual feeding activity on paper baits by subterranean termites in desert shrubland and black-grama (Bouteloua eriopoda) grassland ecosystems over twelve years. Eleven sites, known as the "consumer plots" were included in the study. Toilet paper roll termite baits were placed on grids on each consumer plot. Data include initial bait weights before deployment, and bait weights after they were retrieved from the field each year. Mass loss of the baits was calculated as a measure of termite foraging activity. This study is complete.
Soil volumetric water content calculated from neutron hydroprobe data along the LTER-I transects (control and fertilized) at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1986-ongoing
This data package contains volumetric water content (VWC) measurements calculated from soil neutron hydroprobe data collected on the permanent LTER-I transects located at Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) in the Jornada Basin of southern New Mexico, USA. The control and treatment transects are parallel to each other and are 2.7 km in length extending from the middle of the College Playa to the foot of Mt. Summerford. The treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Measurement stations are located at 30 meter intervals along each transect, and there are neutron probe access tubes located every station on the control transect (n=89) and at every fifth station at the treatment transect (n=19). Measurements were taken at 5 depths using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe) and were then converted to VWC at 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, and 130 cm depths. Neutron probe VWC readings taken in 3 non-weighing mini-lysimeters along each transect are also included. This dataset consists of the calculated water content (cm3 water/cm3 soil) obtained by applying site-specific calibration equations to data derived from the thermalized neutron counts found in EDI packageID knb-lter-jrn.210001001. Measurements were taken at 2 week intervals from April 1982 to 1987 and monthly thereafter. Data collection for this study is ongoing.
Soil volumetric water content calculated from neutron hydroprobe data at 15 NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-2011 (Deprecated)
This data package contains soil water content data calculated from monthly neutron hydroprobe count measurements made at 15 net primary production (NPP) study locations on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Once a month, neutron probe measurements are made at 10 depths (where possible) at each of 10 access tubes at each of the 15 NPP sites using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe). The raw dataset, also on EDI (knb-lter-jrn.210013001), consists of the count of thermalized neutrons at 30 cm depth intervals to a maximum depth of 300 cm. In this data package, the raw neutron counts have been converted to volumetric water content (VWC) to a maximum depth of 270 cm using calibration equations (deepest probe depths are excluded from VWC calculations). The NPP sites these measurements are made at represent the 5 dominant vegetation types of the Jornada Basin, which consist of 3 shrub (creosotebush, mesquite dune, and tarbush) and 2 grass (upland grassland and playa) types. Three NPP sites are located in each of the types. This data collection is ongoing with new data collected monthly. NOTE: This data package is deprecated and will not be updated in the future. These VWC values were calculated using a now-outdated calibration method. Values of VWC calculated with the improved and fully documented calibration method are available in another EDI data package (knb-lter-jrn.210013003).
Vegetation cover data from line-intercept transects in the long-term Small Mammal Exclusion Study (SMES) at Jornada Basin LTER, 1995-2005
This package contains perennial vegetation cover data measured using the line-intercept method from plots with various levels of herbivore exclusion on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Study sites were established in 1995; one in black grama grassland and the other in creosotebush shrubland to compare the impact of herbivores on ecosystem processes between these vegetation types. Parallel studies were established at the Sevilleta LTER site (New Mexico, USA) and Mapimi Biosphere Reserve (Durango, Mexico). Each study site is 1 km by 0.5 km in area. Four replicate experimental blocks were randomly located at the grassland study site to measure vegetation responses using exclusion treatments including a) all mammalian herbivores, including cattle, lagomorphs, and rodents, b) lagomorphs and cattle only, c) cattle only, and d) control accessible to all herbivores. Because grazing cattle are excluded from the entire creosote site, only three replicate experimental blocks were randomly located there including a) all mammalian herbivores, including lagomorphs, and rodents, b) lagomorphs only, and c) control accessible to all herbivores. Thirty-six sampling points were positioned at 5.8-meter intervals on a systematically located 6 by 6 point grid within each plot. A permanent one-meter by one-meter vegetation measurement quadrat is located at each of the 36 points. The vegetation line-intercept measurements in this data package were made in fall 1995 and fall 2005 to coincide with low-level aerial photography campaigns. Three 29-meter lines were measured along three out of six rows of permanent vegetation quadrats. Intercept locations for live, perennial plant cover and bare ground were measured along each line at 10cm resolution, which is comparable to the resolution of the aerial photos. Plants were identified to species level where possible. The resulting cover data can used to ground-truth cover estimates fro
Cryptogam crust data from the long-term Small Mammal Exclosure Study (SMES) at Jornada Basin LTER, 1995-2005
This data package contains cryptogam cover data from plots with various levels of herbivore exclusion on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Study sites were established in 1995; one in black grama grassland and the other in creosotebush shrubland to compare the impact of herbivores on ecosystem processes between these vegetation types. Parallel studies were established at the Sevilleta LTER site (New Mexico, USA) and Mapimi Biosphere Reserve (Durango, Mexico). Each study site is 1 km by 0.5 km in area. Four replicate experimental blocks were randomly located at each study site to measure vegetation responses using exclusion treatments including a) all mammalian herbivores, including cattle, lagomorphs, and rodents, b) lagomorphs and cattle only, c) cattle only, and d) control accessible to all herbivores. Thirty-six sampling points were positioned at 5.8-meter intervals on a systematically located 6 by 6 point grid within each plot. A permanent one-meter by one-meter vegetation measurement quadrat is located at each of the 36 points. Each year in spring and fall from 1995-2005, the percent of a quadrat covered in cryptogams was estimated by summing the percent of each 10 cm square within a quadrat (including 100 10-cm squares) containing cryptogams (See methods for a detailed explanation). Cryptogams (biological soil crusts) include lichens, algae, cyanobacteria, and moss. This study is complete.
Termite casing data from the long-term Small Mammal Exclosure Study (SMES) at Jornada Basin LTER, 1995-2005
This data package contains termite activity data in plots with a range of herbivore exclusion treatments on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Study sites were established in 1995; one in black grama grassland and the other in creosotebush shrubland to compare the impact of herbivores on ecosystem processes between these vegetation types. Parallel studies were established at the Sevilleta LTER site (New Mexico, USA) and Mapimi Biosphere Reserve (Durango, Mexico). Each study site is 1 km by 0.5 km in area. Four replicate experimental blocks were randomly located at each study site to measure vegetation responses using exclusion treatments including a) all mammalian herbivores, including cattle, lagomorphs, and rodents, b) lagomorphs and cattle only, c) cattle only, and d) control accessible to all herbivores. Thirty-six sampling points were positioned at 5.8-meter intervals on a systematically located 6 by 6 point grid within each plot. A permanent one-meter by one-meter vegetation measurement quadrat is located at each of the 36 points. Each spring and fall from 1995-2005, a tape measure was used to measure the length, diameter, and height in centimeters of each termite casing in these vegetation quadrats. This study is complete.
Rodent data from trapping webs in the long-term Small Mammal Exclusion Study (SMES) at Jornada Basin LTER, 1995-2007
This data package contains rodent trapping data from plots with various levels of herbivore exclusion on the Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Study sites were established in 1995; one in black grama grassland and the other in creosotebush shrubland to compare the impact of herbivores on ecosystem processes between these vegetation types. Parallel studies were established at the Sevilleta LTER site (New Mexico, USA) and Mapimi Biosphere Reserve (Durango, Mexico). Each study site is 1 km by 0.5 km in area. Three replicate rodent trapping webs and four replicate experimental blocks were randomly located at each study site. Rodent trapping webs were used to measure rodent population density and species diversity over time, while the experimental blocks measure vegetation responses to herbivore exclusion treatments including a) all mammalian herbivores, including cattle, lagomorphs, and rodents, b) lagomorphs and cattle only, c) cattle only, and d) control accessible to all herbivores. Rodent populations were sampled from each of the three webs at each study site during overnight trapping campaigns twice per year, in the early (April-May) and late (September-October) summer between 1995 and 2007 (trapping study terminated after October 2007). During each trapping campaign, live-traps were left open for three consecutive nights, and captured animals were recorded on the three subsequent mornings. Each animal caught was identified, measured, and released at the same location where it was captured. This study is complete.
Daily summary precipitation data from a tipping bucket rain gauge near former Jornada Basin LTER Biodiversity study site, 1996-ongoing
This data package contains daily precipitation values from a rain gauge near the former Biodiversity study site at the Jornada Basin LTER in southern New Mexico, USA. Data collection at the Biodiversity site began in 1996 and is now complete. Data collection from the tipping bucket rain gauge near this site commenced in April 1996. The data file included here reports daily precipitation totals in millimeters (mm). Data collection from this tipping bucket rain gauge is ongoing and collected on a monthly basis (data package may be updated less frequently).
High resolution precipitation event data from a tipping bucket gauge near former Jornada Basin LTER Biodiversity study site, 1996-ongoing
This data package contains high temporal resolution values from a tipping bucket rain gauge during rain events near the former Biodiversity study site at the Jornada Basin LTER in southern New Mexico, USA. Data collection at the Biodiversity site began in 1996 and is now complete. Data collection from the tipping bucket rain gauge near this site commenced in April 1996. The data file included here reports 1-second (1997-2016) or 1-minute (2016-present) frequency precipitation data, in millimeters, from this rain gauge during precipitation events. There are no data records for rain amounts less than 0.1 mm. Data collection from this tipping bucket rain gauge is ongoing and collected on a monthly basis (data package may be updated less frequently).
Surface abrasion and crust evolution following vegetation removal at the Jornada Basin LTER Scrape Site, 1995 to 2019
This data package contains measurements of soil surface abrasion and the evolution of soil crust shear strength following a soil and vegetation removal (scrape) treatment at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA. Soil erosion and soil crust shear strength is measured at 3 locations along the prevailing wind direction across a site initially scraped in 1995 to remove the A soil horizon in a 100 meter radius semicircle. There are three monitoring stations (East, Middle, West) on the Scrape Site. The West site is the windward site, the East site is the leeward site, and the middle site is halfway between the other two. At each location, measurements are taken of the distance of the sand surface and soil crust to a crossbar set into the soil. Three "Torvane" measurements that measure the torque (shear strength) needed to break the crust are also made at each location. These measurements were made monthly until 2014, and are made annually since 2015. The Scrape Site has now become the location for the GROWES study (JRN study IDs 511 and 523). Data collection for this study is ongoing.
Evaporation pan data from the Jornada Basin LTER weather station, 1983-ongoing
This package contains data from an evaporation pan at the Jornada Basin LTER weather station in southern New Mexico, USA. Surface evaporation is measured weekly to twice weekly using an evaporation pan compatible with standard National Weather Service evaporation measurements. Measurements are made twice per week during hot periods because of the high evaporation rate. The following data is collected: number of days between measurements, beginning and ending measurement period, current, minimum, and maximum water temperature; initial water level; final water level; rainfall since last evaporation measurement, and calculated evaporation (inches). Data collection is ongoing.
Soil water content under rainfall manipulation and nitrogen fertilization treatments at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2007-2009
This data package contains soil water content data from a precipitation and nitrogen manipulation experiment conducted on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2006-2009. The objective of the study was to understand the interaction of precipitation and nitrogen dynamics on ANPP legacies. Rain-out shelters were used to create 5 levels of precipitation: 80% reduced, 50% reduced, ambient control, 50% increased, and 80% increased precipitation. Half of the plots were randomly assigned to receive ammonium nitrate fertilizer. In a subset of the plots, volumetric soil water content was monitored at shallow (0-5 cm) and deep (30-50 cm) depths. This data set contains the date of collection, block number, plot number, 2007-2008 precipitation treatment, 2009 precipitation treatment, nitrogen treatment, depth of soil probe, sensor voltage, and volumetric water content. Monitoring of soil moisture for this study was discontinued in November 2009. Also available are plant cover data from this study in data package knb-lter-jrn.210278002. For further information and results, see: Throop, H., L. G. Reichmann, O. Sala, and S. Archer. (2012), Response of dominant grass and shrub species to water manipulation: an ecophysical basis for shrub invasion in a Chihuahuan desert grassland. Oecologia 169: 373-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2217-4 Reichmann, L. G., O. E. Sala, and D. P. C. Peters. (2013), Water controls on nitrogen transformations and stocks in an arid ecosystem. Ecosphere 4(1):11. https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00263.1
Plant cover under precipitation and nitrogen manipulation treatments at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2006-2008
This data package contains plot cover data from a precipitation and nitrogen manipulation experiment conducted on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2006-2008. The objective of the study was to understand the interaction of precipitation and nitrogen fertilization on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) legacies. Rain-out shelters or supplemental irrigation were used to create 5 levels of precipitation: -80% and -50% reduced, ambient control, and +50% and +80% increased PPT. Half of the plots were randomly assigned to receive ammonium nitrate fertilizer. Plant cover was sampled with a line intercept method in fall 2006 before any treatments began, then again in fall 2007 and 2008 after treatments had been applied. Also available are soil moisture data from this study in data package knb-lter-jrn.210278001. For further information and results, see: Throop, H., L. G. Reichmann, O. Sala, and S. Archer. (2012), Response of dominant grass and shrub species to water manipulation: an ecophysical basis for shrub invasion in a Chihuahuan desert grassland. Oecologia 169: 373-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-2217-4 Reichmann, L. G., O. E. Sala, and D. P. C. Peters. (2013), Water controls on nitrogen transformations and stocks in an arid ecosystem. Ecosphere 4(1):11. <link xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00263.1">https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00263.1</link> Reichmann, L.G., Sala, O.E. and Peters, D.P.C. (2013), Precipitation legacies in desert grassland primary production occur through previous‐year tiller density. Ecology, 94: 435-443. https://doi.org/ <link xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1237.1">10.1890/12-1237.1</link>
Annual measurements of vegetation canopy and basal gap intercepts from the three Conmod Pilot study locations at Jornada Basin LTER, 2008-2016
This data package contains annual measurements of vegetation canopy and basal gap sizes from transects at the Connectivity Modifier (Conmod) Pilot study on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2008-2016. There were 3 sites for this study: Gravelly Ridges, Aeolian, and Dona Ana. Within each site, there were 8 study plots, 4 of which were treatment plots where connectivity modules (conmods) were installed to decrease gap sizes between perennial vegetation. The plots were 8 x 8 meters and had an 8 x 8 meter buffer zone on both sides of the plot (upwind and downwind). Beginning in 2008, vegetation canopy and basal gap sizes were collected annually in all plots using the gap intercept method. These data were collected in 2008-2010, 2012 and 2016. At each plot, four parallel 24-meter transects crossing the upwind buffer, the plot, and the downwind buffer were measured. These parallel transects were spaced at 0.8, 2.8, 4.3, and 7.2 meter intervals across the plot and buffer areas. This study is complete (finished in 2016) and was the pilot study to the newer Cross Scale Interactions Study.
Annual measurements of vegetation cover on line-point intercept transects from the three Conmod Pilot study locations at Jornada Basin LTER, 2008-2016
This data package contains annual measurements of vegetation cover, species, and height from transects at the Connectivity Modifier (Conmod) Pilot study on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2008-2016. There were 3 sites for this study: Gravelly Ridges, Aeolian, and Dona Ana. Within each site, there were 8 study plots, 4 of which were treatment plots where connectivity modules (conmods) were installed to decrease gap sizes between perennial vegetation. The plots were 8 x 8 meters and had an 8 x 8 meter buffer zone on both sides of the plot (upwind and downwind). Beginning in 2008, vegetation cover by species, and vegetation heights were collected annually in all plots using the line-point intercept method. These data were collected in 2008-2010, 2012 and 2016. At each plot, four parallel 24-meter transects crossing the upwind buffer, the plot, and the downwind buffer were measured. These parallel transects were spaced at 0.8, 2.8, 4.3, and 7.2 meter intervals across the plot and buffer areas. Vegetation cover and height were read at points arranged at 25 centimeter increments along each transect. This study is complete (finished in 2016) and was the pilot study to the newer Cross Scale Interactions Study.
Bedload data (deposition from overland flow) measured at the three Conmod Pilot study locations at Jornada Basin LTER, 2008-2010
This data package contains measurements of bedload samples (suspended particles) collected during overland flow events in the Connectivity Modifier (Conmod) Pilot study on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2008-2010. There were 3 sites for this study: Gravelly Ridges, Aeolian, and Dona Ana. Within each site, there were 8 study plots, 4 of which were treatment plots where connectivity modules (conmods) were installed to decrease gap sizes between perennial vegetation. The plots were 8 x 8 meters and had an 8 x 8 meter buffer zone on both sides of the plot (upwind and downwind). To collect water from overland flow events, four to six belowground catchment containers were installed in upslope and downslope buffer zones at each study plots. Bedload containers were monitored monthly 2008, 2009, and 2010. Bedload material collected by the containers during overland flow events was weighed and analyzed for organic matter content by the loss on ignition method. This study is complete and was the pilot study to the newer Cross Scale Interactions Study.
Repeat, ground-based photographs of microplots at the three Conmod Pilot study locations at Jornada Basin LTER, 2008-2016
This data package contains ground-based, repeat photographs taken at plots in the Connectivity Modifier (Conmod) Pilot study on the Jornada Experimental Range from 2008-2016. There were 3 sites for this study: Gravelly Ridges, Aeolian, and Dona Ana. Within each site, there were 8 study plots, 4 of which were treatment plots where connectivity modules (conmods) were installed to decrease gap sizes between perennial vegetation. The plots were 8 x 8 meters and had an 8 x 8 meter buffer zone on both sides of the plot (upwind and downwind). Beginning in 2008, photographs were taken once to twice per year at ten microplots located within the 8 study plots per site to document plant litter, plant germination and growth, and soil deposition/removal by wind and water transport. Five photos were taken of each microplot: One overhead (from directly over the microplot) and 4 lateral views at ground level from each cardinal direction. This data package only contains archives with the overhead photographs, but lateral view photos are available on request. Photo filenames are fully descriptive of the site, plot, microplot, photo view, and date taken (see Methods description for details). This study is complete (finished in 2016) and was the pilot study to the newer Cross Scale Interactions Study.
Mass and energy fluxes from the US-Jo2 AmeriFlux eddy covariance tower in Tromble Weir experimental watershed at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2010-ongoing
This data package contains metadata for, and links to, 30-minute mass and energy flux data collected at an eddy covariance tower in the Tromble Weir Watershed area of the Jornada Basin in southern New Mexico, USA. These data are used to quantify the water and energy balances in a small experimental watershed, including observational studies to calculate groundwater recharge as a water balance residual, to build relations between soil moisture state and ET flux, and to quantify land-atmosphere interactions and improve our understanding of the eddy covariance method. Additionally, they have been used in modeling studies as a validation of model performance. The .csv files included in this package list and describe the data entities and variables present in data files archived at the AmeriFlux data repository (site US-Jo2; http://ameriflux.lbl.gov/sites/siteinfo/US-Jo2). The data at AmeriFlux include the 30-minute mass and energy fluxes calculated from 20 Hz data collected at the Tromble Weir Watershed tower. Instrument descriptions and detailed procedures are found in the references listed in the Methods section of this EDI package. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated annually.
Soil movement across black grama and mesquite ecotone transects in the Jornada Basin, southern New Mexico, USA, 1933-2011
This package contains data from a study that measured long-term soil movement in areas undergoing mesquite invasion on the Jornada Experimental Range from 1933-2011. Data consist of height measurements of soil on two long-term transects established in the Natural Revegetation Exclosure (NatReveg) in 1933 and an exclosure in Pasture 8b in 1935. In 1933, about half of the NatReveg exclosure was covered with mesquite dunes. Grasses dominated the non-dune portion, but mesquite plants were present. Approximately one-third of the NatReveg site exclosure was sprayed with 2,4,5-T herbicide for mesquite control in 1966-68. Additional herbicide treatments were conducted upon the sprayed portion in 1969-72. The 1731-m NatReveg exclosure transect runs north-south through the center of the exclosure and extends 61 m (200ft) beyond the boundary fence on either end. The 457-m Pasture 8b transect is oriented WSW-ENE and was established in an area where mesquite dunes were large and well established. The predominant soils in this exclosure are deep loamy sands. Soil movement was measured by the distance between the soil surface and a notch in 50 cm T-posts located every 15.2 m (50 ft). Transects were measured in 1950 (8b only), 1955 (8b only), every five years from 1980-2000, and most recently in 2011. Most steel posts were re-measured at these intervals, but some were lost due to excavation or burial. These were replaced with a new baseline notch height initiated on the posts. Data correspond to each year of collection, as well as measures (in cm) of soil deposition or deflation during the intervals. This study is complete. For further information, see: Gibbens, R.P., J.M. Tromble, J.T. Hennessy, and M. Cardenas, 1983. "Soil movement in mesquite dunelands and former grasslands of southern New Mexico from 1933 to 1980." Journal of Range Management 36:145-148.
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