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651 results for “Legume”
Data from: Seed and pollen dispersal distances in two African legume timber trees and their reproductive potential under selective logging
The natural regeneration of tree species depends on seed and pollen dispersal. To assess if limited dispersal could be critical for the sustainability of selective logging practices, we performed parentage analyses in two Central African legume canopy species displaying contrasted floral and fruit traits: Distemonanthus benthamianus and Erythrophleum suaveolens. We also developed new tools linking forward dispersal kernels with backward migration rates to better characterize long-distance dispersal. Much longer pollen dispersal in D. benthamianus (mean distance dp=700m, mp=52% immigration rate in 6 km2 plot, s=7% selfing rate) than in E. suaveolens (dp=294m, mp=22% in 2 km2 plot, s=20%) might reflect different insect pollinators. At a local scale, secondary seed dispersal by vertebrates led to larger seed dispersal distances in the barochorous E. suaveolens (ds=175m) than in the wind-dispersed D. benthamianus (ds=71m). Yet, seed dispersal appeared much more fat-tailed in the latter species (15-25% seeds dispersing >500m), putatively due to storm winds (papery pods). The reproductive success was correlated to trunk diameter in E. suaveolens and crown dominance in D. benthamianus. Contrary to D. benthamianus, E. suaveolens underwent significant assortative mating, increasing further the already high inbreeding of its juveniles due to selfing, which seems offset by strong inbreeding depression. To achieve sustainable exploitation, seed and pollen dispersal distances did not appear limiting, but the natural regeneration of E. suaveolens might become insufficient if all trees above the minimum legal cutting diameter were exploited. This highlights the importance of assessing the diameter structure of reproductive trees for logged species.
Data from: Simultaneous pulsed flowering in a temperate legume: causes and consequences of multimodality in the shape of floral display schedules
1. In plants, the temporal pattern of floral displays, or display schedules, delimits an individual's mating opportunities. Thus, variation in the shape of display schedules can affect the degree of population synchrony and the strength of phenological assortative mating by flowering onset date. A good understanding of the mechanisms regulating the timing of flowering onset has been developed, but we know less about factors influencing subsequent patterns of floral display. 2. We observed unusual multimodal display schedules in temperate populations of the annual legume Chamaecrista fasciculata. Here we ask if 'flowering pulses' are simultaneous among individuals and populations and explore potential underlying mechanisms and consequences of pulsed flowering. 3 .We monitored daily flower production for individual plants from genetically divergent populations during a series of field experiments that manipulated three potential influencers of display schedule shape: average daily temperature, pollinator availability, and watering schedules. We measured floral longevity to isolate the contributions of flower retention and flower deployment to display schedules. We assessed relationships between flowering and environmental variables and compared estimates of population synchrony, individual synchrony, and the strength of assortative mating with those of 29 unimodally-flowering species from the area. 4. We observed simultaneous flowering pulses in all experiments, with peaks aligned among individuals and populations despite variation in flowering onset and/or duration. Pulses were not the result of increases in average temperature, pollinator availability, or variation in watering schedules. Seasonal fluctuations in temperature correlated with floral longevity and flower deployment, suggesting that the shape of display schedules may be plastic in response to temperature. Average population and individual synchrony differed only slightly from those of the species with unimodal schedules, while the average strength of assortative mating for flowering onset date was strongly reduced (0.21 in C. fasciculata vs. 0.35 for the 29 other species). 5. Synthesis. Researchers should take caution in assuming that components of display schedules are genetically or developmentally correlated with flowering onset. Variation in the shape of display schedules can influence patterns of gene-flow within or between populations, with potential effects on the strength of phenological assortative mating and subsequent responses to selection.
Data from: DNA sequence variation among conspecific accessions of the legume Coursetia caribaea reveals geographically localized clades here ranked as species
Coursetia caribaea is geographically and morphologically the most variable species in the genus Coursetia and in the tribe Robinieae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae). Because of potentially undetected species, we assessed the phylogenetic relationships among the eight taxonomic varieties of C. caribaea. Sampling included nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences from 489 Robinieae accessions representing all varieties of C. caribaea and 38 of the 40 species of Coursetia, in addition to chloroplast trnD-trnT sequences from 186 accessions. Separate and combined phylogenetic analyses resolved a clade of conspecific accessions of the Bolivian C. caribaea var. astragalina as sister to the central Andean Coursetia grandiflora clade. Also distantly related to Coursetia caribaea var. caribaea accessions were those of the coastal Oaxacan C. caribaea var. pacifica, which formed the sister clade to accessions of the central Andean C. caribaea var. ochroleuca. The estimated mean ages of the stem clades for these three lineages, 11, 7.7, and 7.7 Ma, respectively, contrasted to the estimated mean ages of the corresponding crown clades of 0, 0, and 1.5 Ma. The contrasting stem and crown ages suggest that these taxa, appropriately ranked as species, Coursetia astragalina, Coursetia diversifolia, and Coursetia ochroleuca, each have persisted over evolutionary time frames as distinct geographically localized populations in seasonally dry tropical forests and woodlands.
Data from: Transcriptomic basis of genome by genome variation in a legume-rhizobia mutualism
In the legume-rhizobia mutualism, the benefit each partner derives from the other depends on the genetic identity of both host and rhizobial symbiont. To gain insight into the extent of genome x genome interactions on hosts at the molecular level and to identify potential mechanisms responsible for the variation, we examined host gene expression within nodules (the plant organ where the symbiosis occurs) of four genotypes of Medicago truncatula grown with either Ensifer meliloti or E. medicae symbionts. These host x symbiont combinations show significant variation in nodule and biomass phenotypes. Likewise, combinations differ in their transcriptomes: host, symbiont, and host x symbiont affected the expression of 70%, 27% and 21%, respectively, of the approximately 27,000 host genes expressed in nodules. Genes with the highest levels of expression often varied between hosts and/or symbiont strain and include leghemoglobins that modulate oxygen availability and hundreds of Nodule Cysteine-Rich (NCR) peptides involved in symbiont differentiation and viability in nodules. Genes with host x symbiont dependent expression were enriched for functions related to resource exchange between partners (sugar/sulfate/iron/amino acid transport and dicarboxylate/amino acid synthesis). These enrichments suggest mechanisms for host control of the currencies of the mutualism. The transcriptome of M. truncatula accession HM101 (A17), the reference genome used for most molecular research, was less affected by symbiont identity than the other hosts. These findings underscore the importance of assessing the molecular basis of variation in ecologically important traits, particularly those involved in biotic interactions, in multiple genetic contexts.
Data from: Edaphic factors determining the occurrence of herbaceous legumes in Amazonian savannas
Edaphic factors have been indicated as a determinant of the distribution of plant communities in Amazonia. The aim of this study was to detect which edaphic factors determine the occurrence of herbaceous legumes in Amazonian savannas. Therefore, an inventory of herbaceous flora of the family Leguminosae was conducted in 34 permanent plots established in two savanna areas of Roraima, northern Brazilian Amazon. The importance value index was higher for Chamaecrista desvauxii (24.9%), Aeschynomene hystrix (15.7%) and Galactia jussiaeana (10.8%), all having high abundance and wide distribution. The results indicated low density or absence of individuals and species in plots established on poorly drained soils (hydromorphic). Diversity and species richness tended to be higher in habitats formed on well drained soils, greater fertility and lower concentrations of exchangeable aluminum. It is suggested that poor and seasonally flooded soils tend to reduce the chances of occurrence of herbaceous legumes in savanna areas of Roraima, adversely affecting its richness/diversity.
Data from: Larger plants promote a greater diversity of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria associated with an Australian endemic legume
A major goal in microbial ecology is to understand the factors that structure bacterial communities across space and time. For microbes that are plant symbionts, community assembly processes can lead to either a positive or negative relationship between plant size or age and soil microbe diversity. Here, we evaluated the extent to which such relationships exist within a single legume species (Acacia acuminata) and their naturally occurring symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia). 2. We quantified the diversity of rhizobia that associate with A. acuminata trees of variable size spanning a large environmental gradient in southwest Australia (72 trees in 24 sites spread across ~300,000 km2), using metabarcoding. We modelled rhizobia diversity using 16S exact genetic variants, in a binomial multivariate statistical framework that controlled for climate and local soil characteristics. 3. We identified two major phylogenetic clades of rhizobia that associate with A. acuminata. Soil sampled at the base of larger Acacia trees contained a higher richness of rhizobia genetic variants. Each major clade responds differently to environmental factors (climate and soil characteristics), but the positive association between tree size and rhizobia genetic diversity was mainly driven by responses from one of the two clades. Overall tree size explained more variation than any other factor, resulting in a ~3-fold increase in total richness and clade diversity from the smallest to the largest trees. 4. Synthesis. Previous studies have shown that plant host species is important in structuring microbial soil communities in the rhizosphere. Our results show that host size or age within a single plant species can also structure diversity of at least one group of soil microbes. A positive relationship between plant host size and rhizobia diversity suggests that hosts may modify the niche space of their surrounding soil (niche construction hypothesis) enabling a higher richness of microbial taxa. That different rhizobial groups responded differently to host size and other ecological factors suggests that rhizobia is not an ecologically uniform group, and that entirely neutral explanations for our results are unlikely. Host plants may be analogous to 'islands', where larger plant hosts may accumulate diversity over time, through migration opportunities.
Data from: Divergence and isolation of cryptic sympatric taxa within the annual legume Amphicarpaea bracteata
The amphicarpic annual legume Amphicarpaea bracteata is unusual in producing aerial and subterranean cleistogamous flowers that always self-fertilize and, less commonly, aerial chasmogamous flowers that outcross. Although both morphologic and genetic variants are known in this highly selfing species, debate continues over whether this variation is continuous, reflecting the segregation of standing genetic variation, or discontinuous, reflecting distinct taxa that rarely intercross. We characterized SNP variation in 128 individuals in southern Wisconsin to assess within- and among-population variation at 3928 SNPs. We also assessed genotype and leaf morphology in an additional 76 individuals to connect phenotypic variation with genetic variation. Genetic variation maps onto three strongly divergent and highly inbred genetic groups showing little relation to site location. Each group has a distinct phenotype, but the divergence of these groups differs from the varietal divisions previously identified based on morphological characters. Like previous authors, we argue that the taxonomy of this species should be revised. Despite extensive sympatry, estimates of among-group migration rates are low, and hybrid individuals were at low frequency (<2%) in our dataset. Restricted gene flow likely results from high selfing rates and partial reproductive incompatibility as evidenced by the U-shaped distribution of pairwise FST values reflecting "islands" of genomic divergence. These islands may be associated with hybrid incompatibility loci that arose in allopatry. The coexistence of lineages within sites may reflect density-dependent attack by species-specific strains of pathogenic fungi and/or root-nodulating bacteria specializing on distinct genotypes.
Data from: Recurrent mutualism breakdown events in a legume rhizobia metapopulation
<p><span>Bacterial mutualists generate major fitness benefits for eukaryotes, reshaping the host phenotype and its interactions with the environment. Yet microbial mutualist populations are predicted to generate mutants that defect from providing costly services to hosts while maintaining the capacity to exploit host resources. Here, we examined the mutualist service of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a metapopulation of root-nodulating <i>Bradyrhizobium spp.</i> that associate with the native legume <i>Acmispon strigosus</i>. We quantified mutualism traits of 85 <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> isolates gathered from a 700km transect in California spanning ten sampled <i>A. strigosus</i> populations. We clonally inoculated each <i>Bradyrhizobium </i>isolate onto <i>Acmispon strigosus</i> hosts and quantified nodulation capacity and net effects of infection, including host growth and isotopic nitrogen concentration. Six <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> isolates from five populations were categorized as ineffective because they formed nodules but did not enhance host growth via nitrogen fixation. Six additional isolates from three populations failed to form root nodules. Phylogenetic reconstruction inferred two types of mutualism breakdown, including three to four independent losses of effectiveness and five losses of nodulation capacity on <i>Acmispon strigosus</i>. The evolutionary and genomic drivers of these mutualism breakdown events remain poorly understood. </span></p>
Species TX OK Distribution Map FH Hosts Scolytini Scolytina Scolytus fagi Walsh 1? SENA 33 ph Celtis, Quercus Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) 1 1 EX 34 ph Ulmus Scolytus muticus Say 1 1 SENA 35 ph Celtis Scolytus quadrispinosus Say 1 1* SENA 37 ph Carya Scolytus rugulosus (Muller) 1 1 EX 38 ph Prunus Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov 1 1 EX 36 ph Ulmus Hexacolina Pycnarthrum hispidum (Ferrari) 1 MEX+NT 39 ph Ficus Micracina Hylocurus binodatus Wood 1 SENA xy Hylocurus flaglerensis Blackman 1* SENA 41 xy Hylocurus floridensis Atkinson 1* SENA 40 xy Hylocurus langstoni (Blackman) 1 1* SENA 42 xy Hylocurus parkinsoniae Blackman 1 MEX+NT 40 xy Hylocurus rudis (LeConte) 1 1 SENA 43 xy polyphagous Hylocurus schwarzi Blackman 1 SENA 41 xy Micracis suturalis LeConte? 1* SENA 44 xy polyphagous Micracis swainei Blackman 1? SENA 44 xy polyphagous Micracisella nanula (LeConte) 1 1 SENA 45 my polyphagous Micracisella opacithorax (Schedl) 1 MEX+NT 45 my polyphagous Pseudothysanoes acaciae (Blackman) 1 MEX+NT 46 ph Legume trees Pseudothysanoes dislocatus (Blackman) 1 SENA 46 ph Carya Pseudothysanoes frondicolens Wood 1* SWNA 47 ph Yucca Pseudothysanoes heliura Wood 1 MEX+NT 47 xy Pseudothysanoes huachucae Blackman 1 SWNA 48 ph Quercus in Atlas and checklist of the bark and ambrosia beetles of Texas and Oklahoma (Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae)
Species TX OK Distribution Map FH Hosts Scolytini Scolytina Scolytus fagi Walsh 1? SENA 33 ph Celtis, Quercus Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) 1 1 EX 34 ph Ulmus Scolytus muticus Say 1 1 SENA 35 ph Celtis Scolytus quadrispinosus Say 1 1* SENA 37 ph Carya Scolytus rugulosus (Muller) 1 1 EX 38 ph Prunus Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov 1 1 EX 36 ph Ulmus Hexacolina Pycnarthrum hispidum (Ferrari) 1 MEX+NT 39 ph Ficus Micracina Hylocurus binodatus Wood 1 SENA xy Hylocurus flaglerensis Blackman 1* SENA 41 xy Hylocurus floridensis Atkinson 1* SENA 40 xy Hylocurus langstoni (Blackman) 1 1* SENA 42 xy Hylocurus parkinsoniae Blackman 1 MEX+NT 40 xy Hylocurus rudis (LeConte) 1 1 SENA 43 xy polyphagous Hylocurus schwarzi Blackman 1 SENA 41 xy Micracis suturalis LeConte? 1* SENA 44 xy polyphagous Micracis swainei Blackman 1? SENA 44 xy polyphagous Micracisella nanula (LeConte) 1 1 SENA 45 my polyphagous Micracisella opacithorax (Schedl) 1 MEX+NT 45 my polyphagous Pseudothysanoes acaciae (Blackman) 1 MEX+NT 46 ph Legume trees Pseudothysanoes dislocatus (Blackman) 1 SENA 46 ph Carya Pseudothysanoes frondicolens Wood 1* SWNA 47 ph Yucca Pseudothysanoes heliura Wood 1 MEX+NT 47 xy Pseudothysanoes huachucae Blackman 1 SWNA 48 ph Quercus
Species TX OK Distribution Map FH Hosts Phloeotribus liminaris (Harris) 1* 1* SENA 15 ph Prunus Phloeotribus pseudoscabricollis Atkinson 1 MEX+NT 16 ph Zanthoxylum Phloeotribus texanus Schaeffer 1 1* SE+MEX 17 ph Celtis Phloeosinina Chramesus chapuisii LeConte 1 1 SE+MEX 18 ph Celtis Chramesus hicoriae LeConte 1* 1* SENA 19 ph Carya Chramesus mimosae Blackman 1 MEX+NT 18 ph Legume trees Chramesus subopacus Schaeffer 1 MEX+NT 20 ph Celtis Chramesus varius Wood 1 MEX+NT 19 ph Legume trees Phloeosinus cristatus (LeConte) 1 SWNA 21 ph Cupressus Phloeosinus dentatus (Say) 1 1 SENA 22 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus hoferi Blackman 1 SWNA 25 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus scopulorum neomexicanus Blackman 1 SWNA 23 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus serratus (LeConte) 1 SWNA 24 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus taxodii Blackman 1 SE+MEX 21 ph Taxodium Hypoborina Chaetophloeus fasciatus (Blackman) 1 SWNA 26 ph Prosopis Chaetophloeus heterodoxus (Casey) 1 SWNA ph Rosaceae Chaetophloeus mexicanus Wood 1* MEX+NT 27 ph Eysenhardtia Chaetophloeus sulcatus Wood 1* MEX+NT 28 ph Composite shrubs Liparthrum squamosum (Blackman) 1*? SENA 29 ph Maclura pomifera Polygraphina Carphobius arizonicus Blackman 1* SWNA 30 ph Juniperus Carphoborus bicornus Wood 1* 1* SENA 31 ph Pinus Carphoborus bifurcus (Chapuis) 1* SENA 32 ph Pinus Carphoborus convexifrons Wood 1 SWNA 31 ph Pinus in Atlas and checklist of the bark and ambrosia beetles of Texas and Oklahoma (Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae)
Species TX OK Distribution Map FH Hosts Phloeotribus liminaris (Harris) 1* 1* SENA 15 ph Prunus Phloeotribus pseudoscabricollis Atkinson 1 MEX+NT 16 ph Zanthoxylum Phloeotribus texanus Schaeffer 1 1* SE+MEX 17 ph Celtis Phloeosinina Chramesus chapuisii LeConte 1 1 SE+MEX 18 ph Celtis Chramesus hicoriae LeConte 1* 1* SENA 19 ph Carya Chramesus mimosae Blackman 1 MEX+NT 18 ph Legume trees Chramesus subopacus Schaeffer 1 MEX+NT 20 ph Celtis Chramesus varius Wood 1 MEX+NT 19 ph Legume trees Phloeosinus cristatus (LeConte) 1 SWNA 21 ph Cupressus Phloeosinus dentatus (Say) 1 1 SENA 22 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus hoferi Blackman 1 SWNA 25 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus scopulorum neomexicanus Blackman 1 SWNA 23 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus serratus (LeConte) 1 SWNA 24 ph Juniperus Phloeosinus taxodii Blackman 1 SE+MEX 21 ph Taxodium Hypoborina Chaetophloeus fasciatus (Blackman) 1 SWNA 26 ph Prosopis Chaetophloeus heterodoxus (Casey) 1 SWNA ph Rosaceae Chaetophloeus mexicanus Wood 1* MEX+NT 27 ph Eysenhardtia Chaetophloeus sulcatus Wood 1* MEX+NT 28 ph Composite shrubs Liparthrum squamosum (Blackman) 1*? SENA 29 ph Maclura pomifera Polygraphina Carphobius arizonicus Blackman 1* SWNA 30 ph Juniperus Carphoborus bicornus Wood 1* 1* SENA 31 ph Pinus Carphoborus bifurcus (Chapuis) 1* SENA 32 ph Pinus Carphoborus convexifrons Wood 1 SWNA 31 ph Pinus
FIGURE 6. Cereal crop seeds a in First comprehensive study on distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens from cereal and legume crops in Sri Lanka
FIGURE 6. Cereal crop seeds a Arachis hypogea (Tissa) b Oryza sativa (Bg251) c Vigna radiata (MI6) and d Vigna sinensis (Dhawala).
FIGURE 4 in First comprehensive study on distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens from cereal and legume crops in Sri Lanka
FIGURE 4. Colony morphology (upper surface and lower surface) and microscopic features (conidia and conidiophore) respectively of fungal pure cultures from Vigna radiata on PDA after 10 days at 28–30 0C; a–c Rhizopus oryzae.
FIGURE 3 in First comprehensive study on distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens from cereal and legume crops in Sri Lanka
FIGURE 3. Colony morphology (upper surface and lower surface) and microscopic features (conidia and conidiophore) respectively of fungal pure cultures from Oryza sativa on PDA after 10 days at 28–30 0C; a–c Rhizopus oryzae, d–f Bipolaris sivanesaniana, g–i Daldinia eschscholtzii and j–l Orbilia foliicola.
FIGURE 2 in First comprehensive study on distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens from cereal and legume crops in Sri Lanka
FIGURE 2. Colony morphology (upper surface and lower surface) and microscopic features (conidia and conidiophore) respectively of fungal pure cultures from Arachis hypogea seed coat on PDA after 10 days at 28–30 0C; a–c Aspergillus niger, d–f Rhizopus oryzae and g–i Aspergillus niger.
FIGURE 1 in First comprehensive study on distribution frequency and incidence of seed-borne pathogens from cereal and legume crops in Sri Lanka
FIGURE 1. Colony morphology (upper surface and lower surface) and microscopic features (conidia, conidiophore, and spores) respectively of fungal pure cultures from Arachis hypogea kernel on PDA after 10 days at 28–30 0C; a–c Rhizopus oryzae, d–f Aspergillus oryzae, g–i Aspergillus niger, j–l Macrophomina phaseolina, m–o Talaromyces oumae-annae and p–r Aspergillus niger.
FIGURE. Pueraria bella Prain A. Flowering branch. B. Stem. C in Legume additions to the flora of China
FIGURE. Pueraria bella Prain A. Flowering branch. B. Stem. C. (a) Flower; (b) Adaxial surface of a standard; (c) Abaxial surface of a standard; (d) Wings; (e) Keels; (f) Pistil; (g) Stamens; (h) Calyx; (i) Unmature pod; (j) Bracteoles. Photographs by Zhu-Qiu Song. Scale bar = 1 cm.
FIGURE. Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear. A. Holotype of M. pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear (R. Wight 750, K000797547, © Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew). B. Isotype of M. pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear (R. Wight 750, E00174529, © Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh). C. Holotype of M. incurvata Wilmot-Dear & R. Sa (C. W. Wang 79571, PE00414137, © Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences). D. Isotype of M. incurvata Wilmot-Dear & R. Sa (C. W. Wang 79571, A00195002, © Harvard University). E. S. Mokim s. n. (L4306572) from Kachin Hills, Myanmar [Upper Burma], © Naturalis Biodiversity Center. F. China-Vietnam Joint Exped. 1441 (PE00416831) from Vietnam, © Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. G. X. X. Guo 1401 (CSH0142751) from Jinghong, Yunnan, China, © Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium. H. K. W. Jiang SSPN13 (CSH0160977) from Mengla, Yunnan, China, © Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium. I. K. M. Feng 5399 (KUN0618388) from Hekou, Yunnan, China, © Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS. in Legume additions to the flora of China
FIGURE. Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear. A. Holotype of M. pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear (R. Wight 750, K000797547, © Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew). B. Isotype of M. pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear (R. Wight 750, E00174529, © Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh). C. Holotype of M. incurvata Wilmot-Dear & R. Sa (C. W. Wang 79571, PE00414137, © Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences). D. Isotype of M. incurvata Wilmot-Dear & R. Sa (C. W. Wang 79571, A00195002, © Harvard University). E. S. Mokim s. n. (L4306572) from Kachin Hills, Myanmar [Upper Burma], © Naturalis Biodiversity Center. F. China-Vietnam Joint Exped. 1441 (PE00416831) from Vietnam, © Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. G. X. X. Guo 1401 (CSH0142751) from Jinghong, Yunnan, China, © Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium. H. K. W. Jiang SSPN13 (CSH0160977) from Mengla, Yunnan, China, © Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium. I. K. M. Feng 5399 (KUN0618388) from Hekou, Yunnan, China, © Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS.
FIGURE. Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear. A. Flowering branch. B. Fruiting branch. C. Inflorescence. D. infructescence. A & B by Bing Liu, C & D by Ren-Bin Zhu. in Legume additions to the flora of China
FIGURE. Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. hirsuta (Wight & Arn.) Wilmot-Dear. A. Flowering branch. B. Fruiting branch. C. Inflorescence. D. infructescence. A & B by Bing Liu, C & D by Ren-Bin Zhu.
FIGURE. Flemingia yunnanensis Franch. A. Cauline inflorescences. B. Axillary inflorescences. C. Leaf. D in Legume additions to the flora of China
FIGURE. Flemingia yunnanensis Franch. A. Cauline inflorescences. B. Axillary inflorescences. C. Leaf. D. (a) Flower; (b) Calyx; (c) Standard; (d) Wings; (e) Keels; (f) Stamens; (g) Pistil; (h) Inflorescences; (i) Bracts. Photographs by Bo Pan.
FIGURE. Flemingia vestita Benth. ex Baker A & B from B. Liu 550 (two sheets in HITBC), showing the persistent stipels of leaves. C. Pod enclosed by calyx. D. Pod. E. Seed. A & B by Bo Pan, C, D & E by Kai-Wen Jiang from B. Pan s. n. (NPH), a seed specimen collected from Yunnan, China. in Legume additions to the flora of China
FIGURE. Flemingia vestita Benth. ex Baker A & B from B. Liu 550 (two sheets in HITBC), showing the persistent stipels of leaves. C. Pod enclosed by calyx. D. Pod. E. Seed. A & B by Bo Pan, C, D & E by Kai-Wen Jiang from B. Pan s. n. (NPH), a seed specimen collected from Yunnan, China.
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