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626 results for “Methanation”
Supplementary data for "Molecular-scale thermally activated fractures in methane hydrates: A molecular dynamics study"
<p>In this dataset you can find</p> <p>- a data sample that can be used to confirm the plots in the paper. This can be found in the folder "data_sample". Each folder inside "data_sample" is one simulation. It contains the thermodynamic output from the simulation (log.lammps), and the input script (mw_hydrate_pennycrack.in) and input data (s1_unit_cell_mw.data and water_methane_hydrate.sw) that enables rerunning the simulation using LAMMPS.</p> <p>- A custom LAMMPS region, region_ellipsoid. This has to be compiled into LAMMPS in order to create the systems that we simulate.</p> <p>- A python script, plot_data.py, that shows how to extract the relevant data from the lammps log files, which enables the partial reproduction of figure 3 in the paper. See instructions below for requirements to use this script.</p> <p> </p> <p>"region_ellipsoid" and "data_sample" are in zip containers. In order to use them, please unzip them and leave the resulting folders in the same directory as this README file.</p> <p> </p> <p>Installation instructions to make "plot_data.py" work (assuming you already have numpy and matplotlib):</p> <p>> pip3 install git+https://github.com/henriasv/regex-file-collector.git</p> <p>> pip3 install git+https://github.com/henriasv/lammps-logfile.git</p> <p> </p> <p>If this does not work, please contact Henrik Andersen Sveinsson, henriasv@fys.uio.no</p>
Fig. 6 in A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy
Fig. 6. Gastropods from the late Miocene Ca' Fornace seep deposit, Italy. A. MSF 2136, Anatoma sp.; lateral view with selenizone visible at the whorl angulation. B. MSF 2137, Hyalogyrina? sp.; view of top of whole shell (B1), close-up of early whorls (B2), arrow indicates transition from protoconch to teleoconch. C. MSF 2138, skeneiform gastropod, lateral view. D, E. Laeviphitus sp. D. MSF 2139, adapertural side of adult shell. E. MSF 2140, close-up of protoconch.
Fig. 7 in A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy
Fig. 7. The lucinid bivalve "Anodontia" mioinflata sp. nov. from the late Miocene Ca' Fornace seep deposit, Italy. A. MGGC.22003, holotype, an articulated specimen, view on the dorsal side (A1) and on the right valve (A2), arrow indicating lower end of anterior adductor muscle scar. B. MSF 2141, paratype, right valve embedded in rock matrix, arrows indicate anterior adductor muscle scar. C. MSF 2142, paratype, view on posterodorsal side, arrows indicate the double line delimiting the posterodorsal area. D. MGGC.22004, paratype, the outer side embedded in rock matrix and carbonate mineral deposits on the inside, but showing the general shell outline; left valve (D1) and right valve (D2).
Fig. 5 in A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy
Fig. 5. Bivalves from the late Miocene Ca' Fornace seep deposit, Italy (A–F). A. MSF 2132, large Lucinoma sp., view of right valve. B. MSF 2133, vesicomyid?, view of right valve. C. MSF 2134, arcid bivalve?Asperarca sp., view of left valve. D–F. Idas aff. tauroparva (Sacco, 1898), medium-sized specimens consisting of left valves. D. MGGC.22005. E. MGGC.22006. F. MSF 2135. G. BS.117.03.016-1, type specimen of Modiola exbrocchii var. tauroparva Sacco, 1898, from the early Miocene of Sciolze, Italy.
Fig. 4 in A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy
Fig. 4. Fauna of the late Miocene, Ca' Fornace seep deposit, Italy. A. The Anodontia-serpulid-association. B. Specimens of the large serpulid (ls) among numerous specimens of the small serpulid Protis sp. C. Scleractinian corals; car, caryophillid; den, dendrophyllid; all specimens housed at MSF.
Fig. 2 in A serpulid-Anodontia-dominated methane-seep deposit from the upper Miocene of northern Italy
Fig. 2. Petrographic character of the late Miocene Ca' Fornace seep deposit, Italy, illustrated by scanned thin sections (A, B) and thin section micrographs (C–F). A. Cavity in micrite (m), lined with banded and botryoidal cement (bbc), and filled with fecal pellets (fp) in the upper part and micrite in the lower part. B. Serpulid tubes cemented by micrite. C. Close-up of section in A, showing banded botryoidal cement (bbc), micrite (m), fecal pellets (fp), and clumps of pyrite (p). D. Close-up of section in B, showing details of the serpulid tubes. E. Sponge fabric (sf) around bivalve shell. F. Close-up of sponge fabric, also showing scattered pyrite framboids (p).
Fig. 5 in Catshark egg capsules from a Late Eocene deep-water methane-seep deposit in western Washington State, USA
Fig. 5. Thin section micrograph of the capsules wall showing three of the craters produced during laser ablation (arrows).
Fig. 3 in Catshark egg capsules from a Late Eocene deep-water methane-seep deposit in western Washington State, USA
Fig. 3. Thin section micrographs of the capsule wall of the Late Eocene Bear River egg capsule Scyliorhinotheca goederti goederti gen. et sp. nov. A, B. Two sections of a capsule wall with several ribs, dark, micritic seep carbonate on the outside, and several diagenetic carbonate phases in the interior; plane−polarized light. C, D. Close−up on the middle rib in A, rotated ca. 90° clockwise. Note that the capsule wall consists of microsparite, enclosing globular calcite crystals; plane−polarized light (C) and UV light (D). E. Detail of the capsule wall; laser scanning microscope image generated by linear unmixing using the spectra of the globules versus that of the wall matrix. F. Detail of capsule wall, showing extinction of some of the globules; crossed−polarized light.
Fig. 2 in Catshark egg capsules from a Late Eocene deep-water methane-seep deposit in western Washington State, USA
Fig. 2. Silicon rubber casts of external molds of the Late Eocene Bear River egg capsule Scyliorhinotheca goederti gen. et sp. nov. A. USNM 544327 (the same specimen as in Fig. 1). B. USNM 544328.
Fig. 1 in Catshark egg capsules from a Late Eocene deep-water methane-seep deposit in western Washington State, USA
Fig. 1. The Late Eocene Bear River egg capsule Scyliorhinotheca goederti gen. et sp. nov. in different states of preservation. A. Steinkern showing the anterior and posterior ends (USNM 544321). B. Posterior half of a steinkern, showing the tapering end with a horn (USNM 544322). C. Deformed steinkern with spindle−like shape (USNM 544323). D. Steinkern with faint wrinkles on the surface, perhaps due to shrinkage (USNM 544324). E. Two specimens: the lower, main specimen shows the anterior constriction and the flattened anterior end (left) and remnants of the ribbed capsule wall (right); the upper specimen (arrow) is just a cast of a ribbed capsule surface; note relics of worm tubes on the right side of the block (USNM 544325) (image from Treude et al. 2011). F. Steinkern showing indentation on lower left (USNM 544326). G. Cast (external mold) showing ribbing on capsule surface (USNM 544327).
Techno Economic Analysis of Biogas Purification by Methane and Acetate Manufacturing CO2 to CH4 2024 SuppInfo
<p>Techno Economic Analysis calculations for manuscript of Biogas Purification by Methane and Acetate Manufacturing to convert CO2 to CH4: Wastewater treatment plants have two persistent financial and energetic drains, the carbon dioxide content of biogas, which limits its commercial sale, and the presence of trace organics in the wastewater effluent, which damages the aquatic ecosystem. Biogas is a renewable methane resource that is underutilized due to the variable CO2 content (~40%). Biogas is energy intensive to purify and limited by the economy of scale (>8.85 GJ/hour) to large-scale purification methods, thus small-scale processes require development. Electrocatalytic microbes native to wastewater have been shown to convert CO2 to CH4 and acetate, however complete conversion of the CO2 content to CH4 is energy intensive. Here we show a low power bioelectrochemical fuel cell design to purify biogas to pipeline quality methane (98%), manufacture methane and/or acetate, and remove trace organics, using HCO3- as the transport charge carrier from dissolved CO2 from the biogas through an anion exchange membrane. This decreased the power required to separate CO2 from methane in biogas on a molar basis, resulting in a net energy recovery similar to current industrial systems. Magnesium anode use resulted in an energy positive system. Tests evaluated the influence of cathode potential on the current density, HCO3- ion flux and the rates and efficiencies of methane production, resulting in optimization at -0.7V vs Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE). A techno-economic analysis modeled a positive return on investment for scaled-up production to purify small biogas streams that are otherwise financially unrecoverable. Carbon sequestration by production of methane, acetate and solid fertilizers demonstrated profitable and energy efficient waste-to-resource conversion.</p>
Dataset related to the publication "Measurement and assignment of J = 5 to 9 rotational energy levels in the 9070-9370 cm-1 range of methane using optical frequency comb double-resonance spectroscopy"
<p>The files contain the normalized interleaved double-resonance spectra recorded with four different pump transitions, indicated in the file name. The first column is the wavenumber, the second column is the transmission intensity.</p>
Geocatalytically generated methane from low-maturity coal and shale source rocks at low temperatures (80–120 ◦C) over 52 months
<p><strong>Submitted data was used to write an article:</strong> Liu, B., Schimmelmann, A., Mastalerz, M., Drobniak, A., Ma, X., Geocatalytically generated methane from low-maturity coal and shale source rocks at low temperatures (80−120 °C) over 52 months. International Journal of Coal Geology, 272, 104250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2023.104250 </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Funding acknowledgments: </strong>This study is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division under Award Number DE-SC0006978. B. Liu and X. Ma received financial support from the<br>National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42202167 and 41872141). A. Drobniak received funding from the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange within the Polish Returns Programme (BPN/PPO/2021/1/00005/DEC/1) and the National Science Center, Poland (2022/01/1/ST10/00024).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Article Abstract</strong>: Geocatalytic methanogenesis has been proposed to contribute to methane generation from low-maturity coal and shale source rocks. This study contributes further evidence for geocatalytic methanogenesis from low-maturity source rocks based on long-term experiments lasting up to 52 months. Samples from the Upper Devonian New Albany Shale (Ro 0.54 %) and Springfield Coal No. 2 (Pennsylvanian; Ro 0.54 %) were heated in glass tubes at 80, 100, and 120 ◦C for 52 months. Sample aliquots from the Upper Cretaceous Second White Specks Formation (Ro 0.42 %) were heated in gold tubes at 80 and 100 ◦C for 42 months at elevated hydrostatic pressures of 100 to 300 MPa. The product gases — methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) — were collected and quantified, and gas yields were corrected for leakage from imperfectly closed pores in samples during heating. The results show that longer heating produced more CH4. The average CH4 yields from New Albany Shale and Springfield Coal No. 2 are 0.47 and 3.0 μmol CH4 per gram of total organic carbon (TOC) over 52 months of heating. Elevated hydrostatic pressure caused lower CH4 yields from the Second White Specks Formation (3.82 to 1.20 μmol g-1 TOC), suggesting that pressure can retard methanogenesis. Maceral type critically controls the methanogenesis potential of low-maturity coal and shale source rocks. Results of this study provide important insights to the origin of natural gas in low-maturity sedimentary basins.</p>
Rapid Impact Crater Relaxation Caused by An Insulating Methane Clathrate Crust on Titan: Data and Marc Files
<p><span>Data files for several figures in the manuscript "Rapid Impact Crater Relaxation Caused by An Insulating Methane Clathrate Crust on Titan" Published in The Planetary Science Journal. This includes data for the following figures: 4, 6, 7, 8 and 10. Two example Hexagon Marc-Mentat mud files for the axisymmetric thermal simulation and mechanical simulation of a 10 km thick clathrate, 85 km diameter crater are also included.</span></p> <p><span>Each column is self-explanatory except for the two relative depth data files. "Relative_Depth_Deep_Fig8" includes the results for simulations that use the initially deeper crater depth, and "Relative_Depth_Shallow_Fig8" includes the results for simulations that use the initially shallower crater depth. The columns are labeled with a shorthand notation for pairs of columns that represent the relative crater depth at specified times in the simulation. An example of time is “t(yr)_v21_120_5” and the corresponding relative depth column is “v21_Rd_120_5.” Time is given in years and relative depth is unitless. These specific examples provide results for a simulation that has a viscosity cutoff of 10^21 Pa s and a 120 km diameter crater with a 5 km thick methane clathrate crust overlying water ice.</span></p>
Tropical Peatland Drainage Canal Methane Concentrations, Fluxes, and Isotopic Composition
<p>This dataset contains methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) concentration and <sup>13</sup>C isotope composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub>) and environmental variables (canal dimensions, water quality, etc.) from canals draining peatlands in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The data also contains CH<sub>4</sub> emissions measured using floating chambers and potential CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation rates and associated isotopic fractionation from a subset of studied canals, as well as porewater data from peat soils in the study region. Each data file contains a "README" tab with a guide for variable units and descriptions. </p> <p>File contents: </p> <ul> <li><strong>Canal_CH4_Survey_Perryman.xlsx </strong>= canal water CH<sub>4</sub> concentration and δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> from a synpotic survey of canals in Kubu Raya Regency and Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data also includes canal properties, water chemistry, and estimates of the fraction of CH4 oxidized and diffusive emissions for each canal</li> <li><strong>Canal_Water_Incubations_Perryman.xlsx</strong> = measurements of dissolved CH<sub>4</sub> concentration and δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> from canal water incubations</li> <li><strong>Floating_Chamber_Flux_Perryman.xlsx</strong> = CH<sub>4</sub> emissions and source δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4 </sub>determined from floating chamber deployments on canals</li> <li><strong>Porewater_CH4_Perryman.xlsx </strong>= peatland porewater CH<sub>4</sub> concentration and δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> from 6 profiles collected in the study area</li> </ul>
Setting up Methane Mitigation Measures for Indian Rice Fields: Representative Emissions and New Interpretations
<p>Setting up Methane Mitigation Measures for Indian Rice Fields: Representative Emissions and New Interpretations</p> <p>Fida Mohammad Sahil, Mukund Narayanan and Idhayachandhiran Ilampooranan*</p> <p>Department of Water Resources Development and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India – 247667.</p> <p>*Corresponding Author (Email: idhaya@wr.iitr.ac.in)</p> <p>This repository contains the code and datasets generated in this study accepted in Global Biogeochemical Cycles Journal.</p>
Dataset for sea ice modulates air–sea methane flux in the Southern Ocean
<p>Air-sea methane (CH4) flux in marginal ice zone in the East Antarctic seas measurements on the icebreaker R/V Xuelong2 from December 2020 to January 2021</p>
FIG. 14 in A new species of Hoploscaphites (Ammonoidea: Ancyloceratina) from cold methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous of the U.S. Western Interior
FIG. 14. Hoploscaphites gilli Cobban and Jeletzky, 1965. A–C. USNM 132622, macroconch, cast, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D1871, Niobrara County, Wyoming. A, Apertural; B, ventral; C, left lateral. D–F. USNM 547334, macroconch, Baculites gregoryensis Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D1900, Niobrara County, Wyoming. D, Apertural; E, ventral; F, left lateral. G–I. USNM 547333, macroconch, Baculites gregoryensis Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D1900, Niobrara County, Wyoming. G, Apertural; H, ventral; I, left lateral. J–L. USNM 547600, microconch, Baculites perplexus Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D264, Douglas County, Colorado. J, Right lateral; K, apertural; L, ventral. M–O. USNM 547601, microconch, Baculites perplexus Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D398, Crook County, Wyoming. M, Right lateral; N, apertural; O, ventral. P–R. USNM 547602, microconch, Baculites perplexus Zone, Cody Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D255, Converse County, Wyoming. P, Right lateral; Q, apertural; R, ventral. Specimens ×1. For locality information, see Cobban and Jeletzky (1965).
FIG. 13 in A new species of Hoploscaphites (Ammonoidea: Ancyloceratina) from cold methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous of the U.S. Western Interior
FIG. 13. Jaws and hooklike structures attributed to Hoploscaphites gilberti, n. sp., or an as yet undescribed, more coarsely ornamented species of Hoploscaphites, Pierre Shale, South Dakota. A. Lower jaw showing the midline slit, ventral view, apex on top, AMNH 64532, Baculites scotti Zone, Pierre Shale, AMNH loc. 3386, Butte County, South Dakota. B. Upper jaw, apex on top, AMNH 64547, Baculites scotti Zone, Pierre Shale, AMNH loc. 3386, Butte County, South Dakota. C. Hooklike structure showing one of the points projecting to the upper right, AMNH 63530, Didymoceras nebrascense Zone, Pierre Shale, AMNH loc. 3440, Butte County, South Dakota. D. Hooklike structure with the basal portion exposed on the bottom, AMNH 63531, Didymoceras nebrascense Zone, Pierre Shale, AMNH loc. 3340, Fall River County, South Dakota. E. Hooklike structure with one point complete and one point broken, AMNH 64533, Didymoceras nebrascense Zone, Pierre Shale, AMNH loc. 3340, Fall River County, South Dakota.
FIG. 12 in A new species of Hoploscaphites (Ammonoidea: Ancyloceratina) from cold methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous of the U.S. Western Interior
FIG. 12. Sutures of Hoploscaphites gilberti, n. sp., and H. gilli Cobban and Jeletzky, 1965. A. H. gilberti, n. sp., USNM 547302, macroconch, last suture, Baculites scotti Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D1509, Pueblo County, Colorado. B. H. gilberti, n. sp., USNM 547344, microconch, next to last suture, Baculites scotti Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D1362, Pueblo County, Colorado. C. H. gilli, USNM 547334, macroconch, third from last suture, Baculites gregoryensis Zone, Pierre Shale, USGS Mesozoic loc. D1900, Niobrara County, Wyoming. Abbreviations: x, tubercle; E, ventral lobe; E/L, first lateral saddle between ventral and lateral lobes; L, lateral lobe.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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