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302 results for “Microplastics”
The effect of microplastics on Daphnia fitness – systematic review and meta-analysis.
<p>Systematic review on studies on micro/nanoplastic effect on <em>Daphnia</em> published up to 27 April 2022, including a meta-analysis on the effect of micro/nanoplastics on <em>Daphnia</em> reproduction.</p>
Data from: In situ correlation between microplastic and suspended particulate matter concentrations in river-estuary systems support proxies for satellite-derived estimates of microplastic flux
<p>Data from Sullivan et al., (in press) In situ correlation between microplastic and suspended particulate matter concentrations in river-estuary systems support proxies for satellite-derived estimates of microplastic flux, <em>Marine Pollution Bulletin. </em></p> <p>It contains the summary of the in situ measurements of TSM and microplastic counts and concentrations for each site. For more detail on the methods, users are directed to the methods section 2.2 of the open access paper. </p>
Data from: Photodegradation modifies microplastic effects on soil properties and plant performance
<p>Microplastics in soil affect plant-soil systems depending on their shape and polymer type. However, previous research has not yet considered the effects of degraded plastics, which are the plastic materials actually present in the environment. We selected 8 microplastics representing different shapes (fibers, films and foams) and polymer types, and exposed them to UV-C degradation. Each microplastic was mixed with soil at a concentration of 0.4% (w/w). The phytometer Daucus carota grew in each pot. At harvest, soil properties and plant biomass were measured.</p> <p>Photodegradation altered microplastics physical and chemical properties, impacting plant-soil systems. Microplastics degradation effects on plant and soil were observed with fibers and foams, but there were negligible effects with films. The latter could be explained by the polymer structure of films and manufacturer's additives, potentially delaying their degradation.</p> <p>Degraded fibers increased soil respiration more than their non-degraded counterparts, as photodegradation increased the positive effects of fibers on soil water retention. The emergence of oxygenated groups during degradation may have increased the hydrophilicity of fibers, enhancing their ability to retain water. Degraded foams increased soil respiration, which could be related to the possible leaching of organic substances with lower partition coefficients, which may promote soil microbial activity.</p> <p>By contrast, degraded foams decreased soil aggregation, likely as degradation produced larger holes increasing their permeability. Also, the increase of hydrophilic molecules could have decreased soil particle cohesiveness. Degraded fibers and foams increased shoot and root mass as a result of microplastic effects on soil properties. Photodegraded microplastics affected root traits, which could be linked to microplastic effects on soil water status and plant coping strategies.</p>
Macroinvertebrate ecosystem engineering affects streambed retention of microplastics
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Microplastic pollution of aquatic environments threatens human health, ecosystem processes, and biodiversity. Many existing models of microplastic movement in streams do not account for biotic effects on microplastic fate. Ecosystem engineering by net-spinning caddisflies (Hydropsychidae) has been shown to substantially affect sediment and organic matter transport as well as streambed hydrology. Caddisfly engineering may likewise affect the movement of microplastic pollution in streams. We used a controlled 11-d flume experiment to investigate the potential for caddisflies to serve as a biotic control on microplastic transport. Flumes containing a single gravel dune were randomly assigned to density treatments: control (0 caddisflies/m<sup>2</sup>) or stocked with 500, 800, or 2500 caddisflies/m<sup>2</sup>, incubated (d 1–10) to allow for caddisfly silk structure construction, inoculated (d 11) with PVC microplastics (333 µm–1 mm), and sampled (d 12). Microplastic was quantified as caught in a drift net (downstream transport), eaten by caddisflies (ingestion), or captured in caddisfly silk structures or settled into the gravel dune (i.e., total streambed retention). Mean downstream plastic transport was 9% lower than the control in the 800 caddisflies/m<sup>2</sup> treatment and 10% lower in the 2500 caddisflies/m<sup>2</sup> treatment (<em>p</em> < 0.001 and <em>p</em> = 0.003, respectively). Mean total streambed retention was 9% higher than control in the 800 caddisflies/m<sup>2</sup> treatment (<em>p</em> < 0.001) and 910% higher in the 2500 caddisflies/m<sup>2</sup> treatment (<em>p</em> = 0.004). Ingestion of plastic by caddisflies was rare and highly variable (0–0.55% of plastic particles) but did increase with caddisfly density (<em>p</em> = 0.002). This work represents one of the first investigations of animal ecosystem engineering as a control on the movement and fate of microplastic particles in fresh waters and establishes a foundation for future research on biotic control of microplastic transport.</span><span> Our results suggest that ecosystem engineering by net-spinning caddisflies may serve as a biotic control of microplastic transport in freshwater streams. </span></p>
Research data: Impact of Microalgal Biomass and Microplastics on the Sorption Behaviour of Pesticides in Soil
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A Peristaltic Pump and Filter-Based Method for Aqueous Microplastic Sampling and Analysis
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Data from: Biodegradable microplastics can cause more serious loss of soil organic carbon by priming effect than conventional microplastics in farmland shelterbelts
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Macroinvertebrate ecosystem engineering affects streambed retention of microplastics
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Data from: Patterns, dynamics and consequences of microplastic ingestion by the temperate coral, Astrangia poculata
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EnderScope: A low-cost 3D printer based scanning microscope for microplastic detection
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Data from: Microplastic exposure is associated with epigenomic effects in the model organism Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow)
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Combined toxicity of perfluorinated compounds and microplastics on the sentinel species Daphnia magna: Implications for freshwater ecosystems
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Data from: Heteroaggregation of virions with microplastics reduces the number of active bacteriophages in aqueous environments
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Microplastics in decedents with and without dementia
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Suspected microplastic counts and characteristics in fish muscle and gastrointestinal tissue
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In vivo exposure of mixed microplastic particles in mice and its impacts on the murine gut microbiome and metabolome
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Soil biota modulate the effects of microplastics on biomass and diversity of plant communities
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The tolerance of a keystone ecosystem engineer to extreme heat stress is hampered by microplastic leachates
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An integrated assessment of microplastic pollution in coastal surface water and sediment of Japan
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Microplastic contamination in Corpus Christi Bay blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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