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Fig. 5 in Pollination activity of Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) on oil palm on Hainan island

Fig. 5. The number of Elaeidobius kamerunicus pollinating weevils visiting male inflorescences at various hours of the 3rd day of anthesis of male inflorescences of the African oil palm. Each data point in the figure is presented as the mean ± SE.

Fig. 2 in Pollination activity of Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) on oil palm on Hainan island

Fig. 2. Number of Elaeidobius kamerunicus pollinating weevils that emerged per spikelet of the inflorescences of the African oil palm each month during anthesis. Each data point is presented as the mean ± SE.

Fig. 1. Sticky trap applied for catching Elaeidobius kamerunicus, pollinating weevils. The trap was 21.7 in Pollination activity of Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) on oil palm on Hainan island

Fig. 1. Sticky trap applied for catching Elaeidobius kamerunicus, pollinating weevils. The trap was 21.7 cm in diameter and 26.3 cm in height. It was folded into a cylinder surrounding an Elaeis guineensis inflorescence with the sticky gel–coated surface on the outside.

Fig. 7 in Pollination activity of Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) on oil palm on Hainan island

Fig. 7. The number of Elaeidobius kamerunicus pollinating weevils visiting female inflorescences on each of the 6 d of the anthesis period of the female inflorescence of the African oil palm. Each data point in the figure is presented as the mean ± SE.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in Exposure to tea tree oil enhances the mating success of male Mediterranean fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Fig. 1. Number of matings (mean ± SE) obtained per replicate by wild-like medfly males exposed to TTO (treated) or not exposed (control) for the 3 different TTO concentrations provided to the treated males (the 5% and 50% doses represent TTO concentration [v/v] in a hexane solution). Bar heights represent averages; whiskers represent 1 SE. Results of t-tests: 5% solution: t = 4.8, P <0.001; 50% solution: t = 3.4, P = 0.003; pure (100%): t = 3.8, P <0.001; N = 12 replicates at each concentration.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2017View details →

Fig. 6 in Chemical constituents and toxic, repellent, and oviposition-deterrent effects of ethanol-extracted Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae) oil on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Fig. 6. Greenhouse experiments testing repellency and oviposition deterrence of nutmeg essential oil against whiteflies. A. Repellency at 24 h, B. repellency at 48 h, C. oviposition at 24 h, D. oviposition at 48 h of exposure. Values are means of 8 replications. The mean numbers of adults or eggs were compared by paired t-tests at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. Asterisk indicates a significant difference between control and treatment.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2017View details →

Fig. 3 in Chemical constituents and toxic, repellent, and oviposition-deterrent effects of ethanol-extracted Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae) oil on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Fig. 3. Repellency of nutmeg essential oil to whitefly adults in laboratory experiments at 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure to concentrations of 10, 5, and 2.5 mg/mL. Values are the means of 8 replications. The mean numbers of adults were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA,with a Tukey HSD post-hoc test at a significance level of P <0.05; means topped by the same letter are not significantly different.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Fig. 1 in Screening of essential oil antifeedants in the elm pest Ambrostoma quadriimpressum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Fig. 1. Arena design for use in (A) Exp. 2 (screening for behaviorally active odorants) and (B & C) for Exp. 4 (choice test for beetle foraging).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Fig. 4 in Screening of essential oil antifeedants in the elm pest Ambrostoma quadriimpressum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Fig. 4. (A & B) Response of female and male Ambrostoma quadriimpressum beetles to 3 concentrations of odorant 8 in the Y-tube olfactometer (A: female, B: male, n = 30). (C) The results of the choice foraging test (n = 10). * indicates significant difference by χ2-analysis (Asymp. Sig. <0.05).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Fig. 3 in Screening of essential oil antifeedants in the elm pest Ambrostoma quadriimpressum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Fig. 3. Dose-response curves of stimuli. The x-axis represents stimulus concentration and the y-axis represents EAG response relative values. (A) Female doseresponse to odorant 11. (B) Female dose-response to odorant 12. (C) Male dose-response to odorant 6. (D) Male dose-response to odorant 5. (E) Male and female dose-responses to odorant 8.

Fig. 7 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 7. Percentage of repellency (PR) of Curcuma longa and Litsea cubeba against Monomorium pharaonis in the absence and presence of food at different hours of observation. Values are means of 6 replications, and bars indicate the standard error. The PR values were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. An asterisk indicates a significant difference between the two plant oils.

Fig. 6 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 6. Mean numbers of ants present on DMSO-treated and untreated control filter papers in the absence or presence of food at different hours of observation. Values are means of 6 replications, and bars indicate the standard error. The mean numbers of ants were compared by paired t-tests at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. No significant differences between DMSO and untreated control were found.

Fig. 4 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 4. Mean numbers of ants present on treatment and control filter papers in tests with essential oils at a concentration of 1,000 ppm in the absence or presence of food at different hours of observation. Values are means of 6 replications, and bars indicate the standard error. The mean numbers of ants were compared by paired t-tests at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. No significant differences between treatment and control were found.

Fig. 5 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 5. Mean numbers of ants present on treatment and control filter papers in tests with essential oils at a concentration of 100 ppm in the absence or presence of food at different hours of observation. Values are means of 6 replications, and bars indicate the standard error. The mean numbers of ants were compared by paired t-tests at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. No significant differences between treatment and control were found.

Fig. 3 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 3. Percentage of repellency (PR) of Curcuma longa and Litsea cubeba against Monomorium pharaonis in the absence or presence of food at different hours of observation. Values are means of 6 replications, and bars indicate the standard error. The PR values were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. An asterisk indicates a significant difference between absence and presence of food.

Fig. 2 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 2. Mean numbers of ants present on treatment and control filter papers in tests with essential oils at a concentration of 10,000 ppm in the absence or presence of food at different hours of observation. Values are means of 6 replications, and bars indicate the standard error. The mean numbers of ants were compared by paired t-tests at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. An asterisk indicates a significant difference between treatment and control.

Fig. 1 in Repellency of two essential oils to Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Fig. 1. Experimental setup of the area choice test, with two filter paper half discs fitted in the bottom of a Petri dish. In the "with food" test, food was placed centrally on each half disc.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2017View details →

Fig. 1. A in A comparison of two insect collection techniques in oiled and non-oiled salt marshes in Louisiana

Fig. 1. A species accumulation curve for both the sweep net (black) and the vacuum (gray) collection techniques. Dotted lines indicate the 95% confidence interval around each curve. Neither curve reached an asymptote.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Figure 1 in The effects of two essential oils on thefunctional response of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Figure 1. The functional response curves and feeding percentages of Amblyseius swirskii on the first instar Frankliniella occidentalis after exposure to Mentha piperita (a1, b1), and Laurus nobilis (a2, b2) essential oils.