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307 results for “Peatland”
Data from: How temporal patterns in rainfall determine the geomorphology and carbon fluxes of tropical peatlands
Tropical peatlands now emit hundreds of megatons of carbon dioxide per year because of human disruption of the feedbacks that link peat accumulation and groundwater hydrology. However, no quantitative theory has existed for how patterns of carbon storage and release accompanying growth and subsidence of tropical peatlands are affected by climate and disturbance. Using comprehensive data from a pristine peatland in Brunei Darussalam, we show how rainfall and groundwater flow determine a shape parameter (the Laplacian of the peat surface elevation) that specifies, under a given rainfall regime, the ultimate, stable morphology, and hence carbon storage, of a tropical peatland within a network of rivers or canals. We find that peatlands reach their ultimate shape first at the edges of peat domes where they are bounded by rivers, so that the rate of carbon uptake accompanying their growth is proportional to the area of the still-growing dome interior. We use this model to study how tropical peatland carbon storage and fluxes are controlled by changes in climate, sea level, and drainage networks. We find that fluctuations in net precipitation on timescales from hours to years can reduce long-term peat accumulation. Our mathematical and numerical models can be used to predict long-term effects of changes in temporal rainfall patterns and drainage networks on tropical peatland geomorphology and carbon storage.
Dendrometer and sapflow measurements of Norway spruce trees in a peatland harvesting experiment in Ränskälänkorpi
<p>Overview</p><p>This data set includes time series records of stem diameter variation and sap flow at breast height, soil water conditions and meteorology of/near eleven Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) trees at Ränskälänkorpi, Finland (61.2°N, 25.3°E). </p><p>The uploaded files contain cleaned observations of sap flow and stem radius, and all observations we processed to the same temporal resolution. </p><p>The data have been used in Liu <i>et al.</i> <i>Carbon source and sink limitations on boreal trees' cambial growth: implications of a coupled stomatal and growth model</i> (submitted to <i>New Phytologist</i> in October 2023). </p><p>Meanings (and units) of the columns</p><p><strong>Sheet "tree_stats" </strong></p><p> </p><p>Plot, CB = control block, SHB = selection harvest block.</p><p>DBH, diameter at breast height (cm)</p><p>SWdepth, sapwood depth (mm)</p><p>Wooddensity (kg m^{-3})</p><p>H, tree height (m)</p><p> </p><p><strong>The other sheets</strong></p><p> </p><p>DOY, day of the year</p><p>sapflow (litre per hour) measured using HPV-06 Implexx Sense.</p><p>SFD, sap flow density at breast height (mol H2O m^{-2} sapwood s^{-1}) converted from sapflow.</p><p>T_air, air temperature (°C)</p><p>RH, relative humidity (%)</p><p>VPD, vapour pressure deficit (Pa)</p><p>PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density (mol m^{-2} s^{-1}), measured using [??? if you think worth mentioning].</p><p>Rain (mm)</p><p>D, VPD converted to mol H2O m^{-3} air using the ideal gas lawWTD, water table depth (cm) using Odyssey Capacitance Water loggers (Dataflow Systems Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand).</p><p>Phloem, reading of the point dendrometer (AX-5 Solartron Metrology) against the phloem (mm).</p>
Improved estimates of carbon dioxide emissions from drained peatlands support a reduction in emission factor
<p>Summary of published carbon dioxide field emission data and their influence factors used for generating Tier 1 emission factor of peat extractions in IPCC 2013 Wetland Supplementary and extra data published after IPCC (2014). </p><p>The dataset is supplementary to the published paper "Improved estimates of carbon dioxide emissions from drained peatlands support a reduction in emission factor" By Hongxing He and Nigel Roulet: He, H., Roulet, N.T. Improved estimates of carbon dioxide emissions from drained peatlands support a reduction in emission factor. <i>Commun Earth Environ</i> <strong>4</strong>, 436 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01091-y. </p><p> </p>
Hot spots and hot moments of greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural peatlands
<p>Drained agricultural peatlands occupy only 1% of agricultural land but are estimated to be responsible for approximately one-third of global cropland greenhouse gas emissions. However, recent studies show that greenhouse gas fluxes from agricultural peatlands can vary by orders of magnitude over time. The relationship between these hot moments (individual fluxes with disproportionate impact on annual budgets) of greenhouse gas emissions and individual chamber locations (i.e. hot spots with disproportionate observations of hot moments) is poorly understood but may help elucidate patterns and drivers of high greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural peatland soils. We used continuous chamber-based flux measurements across three land uses (corn, alfalfa, and pasture) to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of soil greenhouse gas emissions from temperate agricultural peatlands in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California. We found that the location of hot spots of emissions varied over time and were not consistent across annual timescales. Hot moments of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) fluxes were more evenly distributed across space than methane (CH<sub>4</sub>). In the corn system, hot moments of CH<sub>4</sub> flux were often isolated to a single location but locations were not consistent across years. Spatiotemporal variability in soil moisture, soil oxygen, and temperature helped explain patterns in N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in the annual corn agroecosystem but was less informative for perennial alfalfa N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes or CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes across ecosystems, potentially due to insufficient spatiotemporal resolution of the associated drivers. Overall, our results do not support the concept of persistent hot spots of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in these drained agricultural peatlands. Hot moments of high flux events generally varied in space and time and thus required high sample densities. Our results highlight the importance of constraining hot moments and their controls to better quantify ecosystem greenhouse gas budgets.</p>
More is not always better: Peat moss mixtures slightly enhance peatland stability
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Species-poor peatlands challenge biodiversity–ecosystem function theory, which generally links high species diversity to stable ecosystem functions. An open question in ecosystem ecology is whether assemblages of naturally co-occurring peat mosses contribute to the stability of peatland ecosystem processes. We used a replacement series mesocosm experiment with mixtures of <em>Sphagnum cuspidatum</em> and <em>S. medium</em> to assess resistance, resilience, and recovery rates of net ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> exchange (NEE) under a mild and a deep water table drawdown event. Our results show a positive effect of mild water table drawdown on NEE with no apparent role for the composition of the peat moss assemblage. Our study indicates that the carbon uptake capacity by peat moss assemblages is rather resilient to mild water table drawdown, but seriously affected by deeper drought conditions. Co-occurring peat moss species seem to enhance the resilience of the carbon uptake function – i.e. </span><span>ability of NEE to return to pre-perturbation levels – of peat moss mixtures only slightly. These findings suggest that assemblages of co-occurring <em>Sphagnum</em> moss species do only marginally contribute to the stability of ecosystem functions in peatlands under drought conditions. We did find increased recovery with a larger share of <em>S. cuspidatum</em> in the mixtures, aiding in the ecosystem's role as carbon sink. Above all, our results highlight that predicted severe droughts can gravely affect the sink capacity of peatlands, with only a small extenuating role for peat moss mixtures.</span></p>
Datasets for "Peatland evaporation across hemispheres: contrasting controls and sensitivity to climate warming driven by plant functional types" - Version 2
<p>Version 2 of datasets used for analyses in the paper titled "Peatland evaporation across hemispheres: contrasting controls and sensitivity to climate warming driven by plant functional types" submitted to Biogeosciences. There are two datasets - one from Kopuatai bog, Aotearoa New Zealand, and one from Mer Bleue bog, Canada - which contain gap-filled and filtered data that were used to produce the results of our study.</p> <p>Due to improvements made to our methodology following the paper peer review process, the data in this version slightly differs from that of the previous version. Information on these revisions can be found in the README file below or the Discussion/Peer Review tab of our paper.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Patterns and drivers of organic matter decomposition in peatland open-water pools
<p>The five .csv files from this entrance comprise data used in Arsenault et al. "Patterns and drivers of organic matter decomposition in peatland open-water pools". This article was published on August 2nd 2024 in Biogeosciences (https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3491-2024).</p> <p>First three files contain data from the three phases of the research: the study spatiotemporal changes in fresh litter chemistry and decomposition rates using litterbags (file 'Arsenault_2024_LB'), the study of spatial variations in peatland pool sediment chemistry and decomposition (file 'Arsenault_2024_inc'), and the study of spatiotemporal change of pool water chemistry (file 'Arsenault_2024_water-chemistry').</p> <p>File 'Arsenault_2024_LB_raw' contains raw data from the litterbag experiment from which we derived the decomposition rate constant 'k' shown in the 'Arsenault_2024_LB' file. File 'Arsenault_2024_inc_raw' contains CH4 and CO2 concentrations and production rates from the incubation experiments.</p> <p>Variable units are shown in column headers.</p>
A drained nutrient-poor peatland forest in boreal Sweden constitutes a net carbon sink after integrating terrestrial and aquatic fluxes
<div>In this study, we estimated the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) from a nutrient‐poor drained peatland forest and an adjacent natural mire in northern Sweden by integrating terrestrial carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) fluxes with aquatic losses of dissolved organic C (DOC) and inorganic C based on eddy covariance and stream discharge measurements, respectively, over two hydrological years. Each variable presented was measured during each experimental period in sites.</div>
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations, pH and conductivity of water flowing from eroding and restored peatland catchments
<p>Water was collected from gullies within an eroding blanket bog. The bog is on a large high-altitude plateau blanket bog in the eastern part of the Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK (56.93° N, − 3.16° E, 642 m asl). </p> <p><span>At Balmoral DOC concentrations were measured from water flowing through six v-notch weirs. Three weirs measured drainage from mini catchments that had undergone restoration and three measured drainage from<span> </span>degraded mini-catchments with multiple upstream erosion gullies and bare peat. Restoration at this site included reprofiling and vegetating (turving) of peat haggs, bunding using coir logs to ‘slow the<span> </span>flow’ and encourage </span><em><span>Sphagnum</span></em><span> growth, and mulching of areas of bare peat with locally sourced vegetation.</span></p> <p><span>The six V-notch weirs conforming to British Standard 3680:Part 4A:1981 </span><span>(British Standards Institute, 1981)</span><span> were constructed from 18 mm marine plywood. Initially 90</span><span>°</span><span>, 65 l s<sup>-1</sup>, V-notch plates cut from 1 mm aluminium plate were fitted. Weirs were installed at sites identified in the experimental design phase. Each weir was embedded into the peat by 20cm vertically and 20-40cm horizontally and supported by two posts embedded 60-80cm into the peat. Where required the weirs were extended to ensure that there were no leaks between the bank and the weir. A stilling well equipped with a capacitive water logger was installed at each weir. The stilling wells were manufactured from 800 mm long, 43 mm diameter, ABS waste pipe tubing. After a period of evaluation (November 2020 – May 2021) the 90</span><span>°</span><span>, 65 l/s, V-notch plates were replaced with 28.4</span><span>°</span><span>, 15 l s<sup>-1</sup> plates in order to improve low-flow (<6cm head) accuracy. The water loggers were set to record water levels every 10 minutes. Raw data was downloaded every 6 months and processed in a Python script using the BS 3680 formula.</span></p> <p><span><span>Water samples were taken from each weir (if water was present behind the weir on the sampling day)<span> </span>over a two year period from September 2021 to September 2023<span> </span>After samples are delivered to the laboratory the protocol for wet chemistry analysis follows the protocol of the National Water Inventory of Scotland (NWIS) project. pH, conductivity and turbidity were then measured on all samples before a 100ml subsample was filtered through a 0.45 </span><span>µ</span><span>m membrane. The remaining unfiltered sample is stored in a cold room and the filter membrane was retained, air dried and stored in plastic bags, for potential further analysis. The filtered water was analysed for DOC on a Skalar TOC analyser (Norcross, USA). </span></span></p>
Fourier transformed infrared reflectance (FTIR) spectra of peat soils collected from the top and bottom of peatland erosion gullies
<p>Peat soil was randomly collected from gullies within two eroding blanket bogs. Balmoral (BAM) is on a large high-altitude plateau blanket bog in the eastern part of the Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, UK (56.93° N, − 3.16° E, 642 m asl) and Glensaugh (GSA) is an upland livestock farm with sections of and blanket bog peatland in the Grampian foothills (56.55° N, 2.33° E, 412 m asl). Both sites have undergone extensive degradation and peat erosion, and both have, in some parts, recently undergone restoration practices, including bunding and reprofiling.</p> <p>Peat samples were collected at Glensaugh and Balmoral as follows. At Glensaugh, peat at the top 1 cm of exposed gully sides (approximately 10-20cm from the vegetated surface) and at the gully bottom were taken, air dried and passed on for FTIR analysis. These gullies correspond to four erosion pin measurement areas and their corresponding peat sediment trap areas at Glensaugh. At Balmoral, the same approach was taken except six ‘gully top’ and ‘gully bottom’ sites were randomly selected and not geographically paired in the same way at Glensaugh.</p> <p>Samples were air dried and finely ball milled, prior to FTIR analysis. FTIR spectra were recorded using a Bruker Vertex 70 FTIR spectrometer (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany) and OPUS 7.2 software. To record the FTIR spectra, each of the samples were placed, in turn, on a Diamond Attenuated Total Reflectance (DATR) sampling accessory, with a single reflectance system. Data points in the range of 4000-400 cm-1 were recorded with a resolution of 4 cm-1 and average of 64 scans. A spectrum of the empty sampling accessory, with the same resolution and number of scans, was recorded as the background spectrum before each measurement. </p> <p>Since the penetration depth for the DATR accessory is different for each wavelength and is directly proportional to the wavelength of the incident light (The higher the wavenumber the lower the penetration), an ATR correction was applied to the spectra to correct this effect, using the OPUS software. No correction was required for water vapour and CO2 as the spectrometer is continuously purged with dry air.</p> <p> </p> <p>In the dataset, columns correspond to the following:</p> <p>Site: Balmoral or Glensaugh</p> <p>Gully Position: Top or bottom</p> <p>Gully Number: Replicate gullies within the site</p> <p>Sample date: Date</p> <p>Sample ID: Unique identifier</p> <p>Remaining columns: Reflectance at a given wavelength</p>
Fig. 3 in Exploring the diversity and ecology of testate amoebae in West Siberian peatlands
Fig. 3. Geographic position of study areas (1–6)
Fig. 7. Shannon diversity H in Exploring the diversity and ecology of testate amoebae in West Siberian peatlands
Fig. 7. Shannon diversity H' by site, showing mean and standard deviation.
A probabilistic map of Costa Rican peatlands based on vegetation, ecosystem, and soil inventories
<p>There are the GIS files that accompany a peer-reviewed article.</p> <p>This is the first published effort aimed at developing a peatland map for Costa Rica. A probabilistic approach using vegetation, ecosystem, and soil datasets was used to predict the distribution and extent of peatlands below 700 m in elevation. High-elevation sites found in the Talamanca Mountains were visually identified using satellite imagery; those peatlands are small in size (< 0.05 km<sup>2</sup>). Our analysis produced an estimated low-elevation peatland extent of 1433 km<sup>2</sup> and a high-elevation peatland extent of 23.08 km<sup>2</sup>, yielding an estimated total extent of 1456 km<sup>2</sup> for Costa Rica. This figure is in line with previously published extent estimates for this country (577-2670 km<sup>2</sup>). As for all maps, we stress that the accuracy of this product is ultimately limited by data availability and quality, as well as ground-referencing information. Still, the new map can provide guidance for land management, policymaking, and future science endeavors.</p>
Greenhouse gas fluxes at a agricultural peatland in Southern Finland
<p>Greenhouse gas fluxes were measured during summer and fall of 2024 in an extensively managed agricultural peatland in Holonsuo, Lahti, Finland (61.0025 °N, 25.8214 °E). Greenhouse gas fluxes on four measurement plots were monitored along with soil temperature and water table level. </p> <p>The study site is a peatland drained for agricultural purposes (peat field). Total of four measurement plots were founded at the site. The plots were located diagonally between two ditches. Measurements were carried out approximately every 3-4 weeks from June to September 2024 (Fig1). During the measurement period the field was not used for cultivation. Portable LI-COR Trace Gas Analyzers were the used measurement devices; TG10 for CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> and TG20 for N<sub>2</sub>O. Greenhouse gas fluxes were measured using a dark chamber. Volume of the used chamber was 24,16 dm<sup>3</sup> and the chamber was equipped with a fan. Before setting the chamber on the measurement plot the vegetation was cut short each time (approx. 5 cm height). Soil temperature at 5 and 30 cm depth as well as water table level were also measured simultaneously with greenhouse gas measurements.</p> <p>The data set ("Holonsuo_ghg_data.csv") contains the measurement date, water table level (cm below ground), soil temperature at 5 and 30 cm (°C) and greenhouse gas fluxes g m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. In Fig1 fluxes are presented as averages of each measurement date (unit mg m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>).</p>
Water table depth dynamics and surface soil moisture content from three Scottish peatland areas (2021-2022)
<p>This compilation of datasets from three monitoring sites on peatland in Scotland includes water table depth dynamics and surface soil moisture content and covers the period 2021-2022. Further data will be added on an annual basis. This is version 2 of the dataset, which corrects a small number of data QC issues (see README).</p>
Habitat area and environmental filters determine avian richness along an elevation gradient in mountain peatlands
<p>Globally, relationships between avian richness and elevation in mountain ecosystems typically reflect one of four well-documented patterns, but the mechanisms responsible for these patterns are poorly understood. We investigated which pattern best described bird species richness in peatlands of the Upper Bow Basin of the Canadian Rocky Mountains (1300 to 2000 m a.s.l.) and used a model competition framework to investigate possible mechanisms. Avian richness displayed a plateauing (cubic) relationship in response to increasing elevation (AICc weight = 0.48). Log richness was significantly positively related to log peatland area (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.42, p = 0.001); however, once we accounted for the richness-area relationship (area was not related to elevation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.13, p = 0.083)), the richness-elevation relationship was best described by a negative linear model rather than a cubic model (AICc weight = 0.69, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.39). Consequently, we reject the neutral model of the mid-domain effect and conclude that peatland area and one or more environmental filters are simultaneously driving relationships between avian richness and elevation in Rocky Mountain peatlands. Multi-causality likely explains why researchers in different geographies observe inconsistent patterns between richness and elevation: drivers and interactions among drivers may vary spatially. Importantly, Natural Subregion was a stronger predictor of avian species richness than elevation per se (AICc weight = 0.96), suggesting that the responsible environmental filter(s) is relatively homogenous within ecological land classes (e.g., primary productivity) rather than directly variable with elevation (e.g., temperature). The results also lend insight into priorities for future research on richness-elevation patterns in mountain birds.</p>
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES: Defining the Sphagnum core microbiome across the North American continent reveals a central role for diazotrophic-methanotrophs in the nitrogen and carbon cycles of boreal peatland ecosystems
<p>Peat mosses of the genus <em>Sphagnum</em> are ecosystem engineers that frequently predominate over photosynthetic production in boreal peatlands. <em>Sphagnum</em> spp. host diverse microbial communities capable of nitrogen-fixation (diazotrophy) and methane oxidation (methanotrophy), thereby potentially supporting plant growth under severely nutrient-limited conditions. Moreover, diazotrophic-methanotrophs represent a possible "missing link" between the carbon and nitrogen cycles, but the functional contributions of the <em>Sphagnum</em>-associated microbiome remain in question<em>.</em> A combination of metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and dual-isotope incorporation assays was applied to investigate <em>Sphagnum</em> microbiome community composition across the North American continent and provide empirical evidence for diazotrophic-methanotrophy in <em>Sphagnum</em>-dominated ecosystems. Remarkably consistent prokaryotic communities were detected in over 250 <em>Sphagnum</em> SSU rRNA libraries from peatlands across the US (5 states, 17 bog/fen sites, 18 <em>Sphagnum</em> species), with twelve genera of the core microbiome comprising 60% of the relative microbial abundance. Additionally, nitrogenase (<em>nifH</em>) and SSU rRNA gene amplicon analysis revealed that nitrogen-fixing populations made up nearly 15% of the prokaryotic communities, predominated by <em>Nostocales</em> cyanobacteria and <em>Rhizobiales</em> methanotrophs. While cyanobacteria comprised the vast majority (>95%) of diazotrophs detected in amplicon and metagenome analyses, obligate methanotrophs of the genus <em>Methyloferula</em> (order <em>Rhizobiales</em>) accounted for one-quarter of transcribed <em>nifH</em> genes. Furthermore, in dual-isotope tracer experiments, members of the <em>Rhizobiales</em> showed substantial incorporation of <sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub> and <sup>15</sup>N-N<sub>2</sub> isotopes into their rRNA. Our study characterizes the core <em>Sphagnum</em> microbiome across large spatial scales and indicates that diazotrophic methanotrophs, here defined as obligate methanotrophs of the rare biosphere (<em>Methyloferula</em> spp. of the <em>Rhizobiales</em>) that also carry out diazotrophy, play a keystone role in coupling of the carbon and nitrogen cycles in nutrient-poor peatlands.</p>
A new approach to simulate peat accumulation, degradation and stability in a global land surface scheme (JULES vn5.8_accumulate_soil) for northern and temperate peatlands
<p>This is the data (model output from JULES and observational data) used in the paper "A new approach to simulate peat accumulation, degradation and stability in a global land surface scheme (JULES vn5.8_accumulate_soil) for northern and temperate peatlands" for the resubmitted version after review of the discussion paper in Geoscientific Model Development Discussions (2021) https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2021-263. R code is provided that will recreate all of the plots in the paper using the data provided. These data include outputs from the JULES model including developments to represent peat accumulation, and observational data of peat properties (most are taken from other sources: references provided therein).</p>
Changes in the peatlands use during 20th century in north western Poland (the Tuchola Pinewoods). The density of peatlands in the kilometer grid.
<p>A vector data set in ESRI Shapefile format (EPSG: 2180). </p> <p>The changes in peatland areas were analysed on the basis of 1:100,000 Prussian maps – Karte des Deutschen Reiches – from the years 1876-1879 (11 map sheets) and 1:50,000 Polish topographic maps showing the state of land cover in the years 1966-86</p> <p>The analyses resulted in a map of the density of peatland distribution in the Tuchola Pinewoods in 1879. 744 peatlands were identified in the Tuchola Pinewoods in the late 19th century, totalling 10,762 ha, which constitutes 3.03% of the study area. The smallest marked peatland covered 0.12 ha, while the largest was 792.8 ha. There are 595 items of less than 15 ha, totalling 2,645 ha, while there are only 149 peatlands exceeding 15 ha, but they covered an area of 8,117 ha.</p> <p>Data used in the scientific publication: <em>Natural and anthropogenic factors influencing changes in peatland management in Poland,</em> Szumińska D., Czapiewski S., Sewerniak, P. 2023, Regional Environmental Change, Vol. 23, iss. 1, art. no 5, doi: 10.1007/s10113-022-02001-2</p>
No evidence for trade-offs between bird diversity, yield and water table depth on oil palm smallholdings: implications for tropical peatland landscape restoration
<p>Tropical peat swamp forests retain large carbon stocks and support unique biodiversity, but clearance and drainage for agriculture have resulted in fires, carbon emissions and biodiversity losses. Initiatives to re-wet cultivated peatlands may benefit biodiversity if this protects remaining forests from fire and agricultural encroachment, but there are concerns that re-wetting could reduce yields and damage livelihoods, as relationships between drainage, on-farm biodiversity, and crop yields have not been studied.</p> <p>We examined oil palm fruit yields and bird diversity on 41 smallholder farms in Jambi (Sumatra, Indonesia), which varied in drainage intensity (12-month mean water table per plot from August 2018 to August 2019: -52 to -3 cm below ground). We also compared farm bird diversity with a neighbouring area of protected forest (11,000 ha, 21 plots; mean water table per plot -3 to +15 cm).</p> <p>Bird species richness (3-18 species per plot), species composition, and oil palm yields (4.5-19.2 t fresh fruit bunch ha-1 yr-1) varied among farms, but were not detectably affected by water table depth, although ground-level vegetation was more complex on wetter farms. Bird richness in oil palm (mean = 10.3 species per plot) was <50% of that in forest (26 species per plot), and only three out of 35 conservation-priority species found in forest were recorded in oil palm.</p> <p>Synthesis & applications: Tropical peatlands in Indonesia have been drained to allow farmer access and improve farm yields, but we found no trade-offs between drainage depth, yields or bird diversity on smallholder oil palm farms in our study landscape. Current restoration initiatives to re-wet peat may benefit farmers by reducing fire risk, without affecting yields. Wetter farms had increased understorey vegetation complexity, but this did not affect bird diversity, so we find no evidence that re-wetting improves on-farm biodiversity within the studied range of drainage depths. However, on-farm fire reduction efforts in cultivated peatlands, including re-wetting, will be vital for reducing the risk of fires escaping into nearby forests, which contain unique and diverse bird species assemblages. Protection of remaining peatland forests from fire and clearance is key for biodiversity conservation, and for providing a source of seed dispersers and genetic material for future forest and landscape restoration efforts. Restoration of more biodiversity-friendly land covers will improve landscape permeability and help conserve species and the ecosystem services they deliver.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.