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Fig. 23 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 23. Ibotyporanga spp., typical habitats, part two (cf. Fig. 22); all localities except for A are in Brazil. A. Colombia, Santa Marta (type locality of I. ziruma Huber sp. nov.). B. Bahia, E of São Félix do Coribe (type locality of I. imale Huber sp. nov.). C. Bahia, SE of Bom Jesus da Lapa (type locality of I. atikum Huber sp. nov.). D. Bahia, W of Bom Jesus da Lapa (I. emekori Huber & Brescovit, 2003). E. Bahia, Paramirim (type locality of I. kiriri Huber sp. nov.). F. Pernambuco, NE of Lagoa Grande (type locality of I. sertao Huber sp. nov.). G. Bahia, near Toca do Índio (I. emekori Huber & Brescovit, 2003 and I. diroa Huber & Brescovit, 2003). H. Bahia, SW of Morro do Chapéu (I. canudos Huber sp. nov.). Photos BAH.
Fig. 12. Ibotyporanga spp., male palp. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 12. Ibotyporanga spp., male palp. A. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., right procursus tip, distal view; arrow points at tiny side branch. B. I. payaya, tiny side branch (arrow) of left procursus, prolateraldorsal view. C. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., tiny side branch (arrow) on main branch of right procursus. D. I. canudos, tip of dorsal branch of right procursus. E. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., right procursus, dorsal view; arrow points at longitudinal slit. F. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., stridulatory pick on left femur. Abbreviation: p = procursus. Scale lines: A = 20 µm; B–E = 10 µm; F = 2 µm.
Fig. 6. Ibotyporanga spp., spinnerets. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 6. Ibotyporanga spp., spinnerets. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., female. B. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., female. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, male. D. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., male. E–F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., male. Abbreviations: ALS = anterior lateral spinneret; PLS = posterior lateral spinneret; PMS = posterior median spinneret. Scale lines: A, C–E = 20 µm; B = 100 µm; F = 10 µm.
Fig. 5 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 5. Ibotyporanga spp., male gonopore and epiandrous spigots, and female epigynum. A. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., male gonopore. B. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., male gonopore. C. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., epigynum, ventral view. D. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., epigynum, ventral view. E. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., epigynal pocket. F. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., epigynal pocket. Abbreviation: ep = epigynal pocket. Scale lines: A–B = 10 µm; C–D = 100 µm; E–F = 20 µm.
Fig. 22 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 22. Ibotyporanga spp., typical habitats, part one (cf. Fig. 23): rock outcrops; all localities are in Brazil. A. Bahia, S of Xique-Xique (type locality of I. xique Huber sp. nov.). B. Rondônia, near Jamari (type locality of I. kanoe Huber sp. nov.). C. Bahia, W of Itatim (type locality of I. itatim Huber sp. nov.). D. Bahia, Guanambi (type locality of I. guanambi Huber sp. nov.). E. Bahia, NE of Morro do Chapéu (I. canudos Huber sp. nov.). F. Pernambuco, NE of Cabrobó (I. sertao Huber sp. nov.). Photos BAH.
Fig. 9 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 9. Ibotyporanga spp., chelicerae, frontal-lateral views. A–B. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., male and female. C–D. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., male and female.E. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., male. F. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., female. Scale lines: A–B, D = 20 µm; C, E–F = 100 µm.
Fig. 19. Ibotyporanga spp., leg tarsal organs. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 19. Ibotyporanga spp., leg tarsal organs. A. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., male tarsus 1. B. I. sertao Huber sp. nov., female tarsus 1. C. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., male tarsus 2. D. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, male tarsus 2. E. I. sertao, female tarsus 2. F. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., female tarsus 3. G. I. itatim, male tarsus 4. H. I. naideae, male tarsus 4. Scale lines: A, E–G = 10 µm; B–D, H = 2 µm.
Fig. 21 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 21. Ibotyporanga spp., right leg tarsi, retrolateral views. A. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov., female tarsus 1. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., female tarsus 2. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, female tarsus 2 (arrows: membranous areas between pseudosegments). D. I. itatim, female tarsus 3. E. I. itatim, female tarsus 4. F. I. naideae, male tarsus 4. Scale lines: 10 µm.
Fig. 11. Ibotyporanga spp., male palp. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 11. Ibotyporanga spp., male palp. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., tip of left procursus (and mechanoreceptive hair), distal view. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., tips of right procursus and embolus, dorsal view. C. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., left embolus, dorsal-distal view. D. I. guanambi, right procursus and embolus, dorsal view; bold arrow points at longitudinal slit. E. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, left bulb and embolus, retrolateral view. F. Detail from preceding figure. Abbreviations: db = dorsal branch of procursus; e = embolus; p = procursus. Scale lines: A–C, F = 10 µm; D–E = 100 µm.
Fig. 18 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 18. Ibotyporanga spp., rimmed pores and cuticular plates. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., left male tibia 1, prolateral view. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., left female tibia 1, dorsal view. C. I. itatim, right male chelicera. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., right male tibia 3, retrolateral-ventral view. E. I. guanambi, male abdomen, above spinnerets. F. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944, right female metatarsus 1. G. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., right female tarsus 4, retrolateral view. H. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., right female femur 4, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: pl = cuticular plate; rp = rimmed pore. Scale lines: A–G = 10 µm; H = 2 µm.
Fig. 27 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 27. Ibotyporanga ziruma Huber sp. nov., male from Colombia, Magdalena, Santa Marta, ZFMK Ar 24349. Left palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale line: 0.3 mm.
Fig. 26 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 26. Known geographic distribution of Northern South American species. Abbreviation: A = Atlántico.
Fig. 13. Ibotyporanga spp., male palpal tarsal organs. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 13. Ibotyporanga spp., male palpal tarsal organs. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov. F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov. Abbreviation: to = tarsal organ. Scale lines: 10 µm.
Fig. 25 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 25. Ibotyporanga spp., live specimens, part one (cf. Figs 55, 73). A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., female with egg sac from Colombia, Magdalena, Santa Marta. B–C. I. walekeru Huber sp. nov., male from Colombia, La Guajira, S of Riohacha, and female with egg sac from Colombia, Cesar, ESE of Pueblo Bello. D–E. I. piojo Huber sp. nov., male and female with egg sac from Colombia, Atlántico, near Piojo. F–G. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., male and female with egg sac from Brazil, Bahia, W of Itatim. H–I. I. xique Huber sp. nov., male and female with egg sac from Brazil, Bahia, S of Xique-Xique.
Fig. 16 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 16. Ibotyporanga spp., sexually dimorphic short vertical hairs on male tibiae. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov., right tibia 1, retrolateral view. B–C. I. itatim Huber sp. nov., right tibia 1, retrolateral views. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov., right tibia 1, retrolateral view. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov., left tibia 1, prolateral view. F. I. canudos Huber sp. nov., left tibia 1, prolateral view. Scale lines: A, C–F = 10 µm; B = 2 µm.
Fig. 14. Ibotyporanga spp., female palp tip. A. I in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 14. Ibotyporanga spp., female palp tip. A. I. ziruma Huber sp. nov. B. I. itatim Huber sp. nov. C. I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944. D. I. guanambi Huber sp. nov. E. I. payaya Huber sp. nov. F. I. sertao Huber sp. nov. Abbreviation: to = tarsal organ. Scale lines: 10 µm.
Table 1 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
<p><b>Table 1</b> (continued on next page). Geographic origins and GenBank accession numbers of sequenced specimens. Specimens are sorted by Code. Two previously published sequences are included for the sake of completeness: JA123 (DQ667852) from Astrin <i>et al.</i> (2007), and S443 (MG268742) from Eberle <i>et al.</i> (2018).</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Code</b></th><th><b>Genus</b></th><th><b>Species</b></th><th><b>Vial</b></th><th><b>Country</b></th><th><b>Admin</b></th><th><b>Locality</b></th><th><b>Lat.</b></th><th><b>Long.</b></th><th><b>CO1</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>BH58</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td>‘Ven18-182’</td><td>Ven18-182</td><td>Venezuela</td><td>Falcón</td><td>Peninsula de Paraguaná, near Cueva del Guano</td><td>11.9026</td><td>-69.9456</td><td>PP192789</td></tr><tr><th>JA123</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>naideae</i></td><td>G117</td><td>Brazil</td><td>São Paulo</td><td>Campinas</td><td>-22.9000</td><td>-47.0700</td><td>DQ667852</td></tr><tr><th>N086</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td>‘Ven18-182’</td><td>Ven18-182</td><td>Venezuela</td><td>Falcón</td><td>Peninsula de Paraguaná, near Cueva del Guano</td><td>11.9026</td><td>-69.9456</td><td>PP192790</td></tr><tr><th>N088</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>bariro</i></td><td>Ven20-141</td><td>Venezuela</td><td>Falcón</td><td>SE of Bariro</td><td>10.7304</td><td>-70.6957</td><td>PP192791</td></tr><tr><th>S443</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>kanoe</i></td><td>Br16-303</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Rondônia</td><td>Floresta Nacional do Jamari, Pedra Grande</td><td>-9.1980</td><td>-63.0820</td><td>MG268742</td></tr><tr><th>UH047</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>naideae</i></td><td>Br22-153</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>S of Contendas do Sincorá</td><td>-13.7826</td><td>-41.0507</td><td>PP192799</td></tr><tr><th>UH048</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>kiriri</i></td><td>Br22-154</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>NE of Brumado</td><td>-14.1601</td><td>-41.5154</td><td>PP192800</td></tr><tr><th>UH051</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>guanambi</i></td><td>Br22-158</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>N of Guanambi</td><td>-14.1797</td><td>-42.7812</td><td>PP192797</td></tr><tr><th>UH054</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>imale?</i></td><td>Br22-162</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>P.N. Cavernas do Peruaçu, near guest house</td><td>-15.1229</td><td>-44.2804</td><td>PP192792</td></tr><tr><th>UH056</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>imale?</i></td><td>Br22-168</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>P.N. Cavernas do Peruaçu, near visitor center</td><td>-15.1559</td><td>-44.2316</td><td>PP192795</td></tr><tr><th>UH061</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>imale</i></td><td>Br22-180</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>E of São Félix do Coribe</td><td>-13.4040</td><td>-44.1100</td><td>PP192793</td></tr><tr><th>UH064</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>emekori</i></td><td>Br22-183</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>W of Bom Jesus da Lapa, Fazenda Pedra Branca</td><td>-13.3150</td><td>-43.7950</td><td>PP192802</td></tr><tr><th>UH068</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>payaya</i></td><td>Br22-192</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>SE of Bom Jesus da Lapa, ‘site 1’</td><td>-13.4398</td><td>-43.1643</td><td>PP192798</td></tr><tr><th>UH069</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>payaya</i></td><td>Br22-193</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>SE of Bom Jesus da Lapa, ‘site 2’</td><td>-13.4383</td><td>-43.1645</td><td>PP192796</td></tr><tr><th>UH074</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>guanambi?</i></td><td>Br22-198</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>NE of Marcolino Moura</td><td>-13.5883</td><td>-41.6635</td><td>PP192805</td></tr><tr><th>UH078</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>canudos</i></td><td>Br22-203</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>SE of Lagoa do Boi</td><td>-11.9420</td><td>-41.7170</td><td>PP192806</td></tr><tr><th>UH079</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>tuxa</i></td><td>Br22-204</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>W of Barra do Mendes</td><td>-11.7940</td><td>-42.2880</td><td>PP192807</td></tr><tr><th>UH082</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>canudos</i></td><td>Br22-208</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>NW of Ibipeba</td><td>-11.5400</td><td>-42.1700</td><td>PP192794</td></tr><tr><th>UH083</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>itajubaquara</i></td><td>Br22-212</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>N of Itajubaquara</td><td>-11.3607</td><td>-42.6810</td><td>PP192808</td></tr><tr><th>UH086</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>itajubaquara</i></td><td>Br22-216</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>NW of Gameleira do Assuruá</td><td>-11.1942</td><td>-42.7165</td><td>PP192809</td></tr><tr><th>UH091</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>diroa</i></td><td>Br22-225</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>near Mundinho, near Toca do Índio</td><td>-11.0195</td><td>-42.1564</td><td>PP192803</td></tr><tr><th>UH093</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>diroa</i></td><td>Br22-227</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>W of Queimada Nova</td><td>-11.0343</td><td>-42.0682</td><td>PP192804</td></tr><tr><th>UH095</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>canudos</i></td><td>Br22-230</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>W of Morro do Chapéu</td><td>-11.4750</td><td>-41.3690</td><td>PP192801</td></tr><tr><th>UH097</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>naideae</i></td><td>Br22-236</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>SE of Jacobina</td><td>-11.2205</td><td>-40.4787</td><td>PP192812</td></tr><tr><th>UH098</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>canudos</i></td><td>Br22-239</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>4 km SW of Andorinha</td><td>-10.3668</td><td>-39.8636</td><td>PP192813</td></tr><tr><th>UH177</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>sertao</i></td><td>Carv60</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Piauí</td><td>Floriano, Residencial Angelim, Bairro Curtume</td><td>-6.7922</td><td>-43.0117</td><td>PP192810</td></tr><tr><th>UH179</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>sertao</i></td><td>Carv74</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Piauí</td><td>P.N. da Serra da Capivara, near Boqueirão do Ferreira</td><td>-8.7476</td><td>-42.4870</td><td>PP192811</td></tr><tr><th>UH290</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>walekeru?</i></td><td>Col292</td><td>Colombia</td><td>La Guajira</td><td>near Papayal</td><td>11.0029</td><td>-72.7708</td><td>PP192815</td></tr><tr><th>UH302</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>walekeru</i></td><td>Col308</td><td>Colombia</td><td>Cesar</td><td>18 km ESE of Pueblo Bello</td><td>10.3449</td><td>-73.4349</td><td>PP192814</td></tr><tr><th>UH471</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>bariro</i></td><td>Ven20-141</td><td>Venezuela</td><td>Falcón</td><td>SE of Bariro</td><td>10.7304</td><td>-70.6957</td><td>PP192817</td></tr><tr><th>UH473</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>ziruma</i></td><td>Col273</td><td>Colombia</td><td>Magdalena</td><td>Santa Marta, at Cerro Ziruma</td><td>11.2126</td><td>-74.2307</td><td>PP192816</td></tr><tr><th>UH480</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>itatim</i></td><td>Br22-148</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>W of Itatim</td><td>-12.7162</td><td>-39.7626</td><td>PP192826</td></tr><tr><th>UH484</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>imale?</i></td><td>Br22-160</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Minas Gerais</td><td>NW of Itacarambi</td><td>-15.0555</td><td>-44.1715</td><td>PP192822</td></tr><tr><th>UH497</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>ouro</i></td><td>Br22-209</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>E of Gentio do Ouro</td><td>-11.4242</td><td>-42.3394</td><td>PP192829</td></tr><tr><th>UH498</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>xique</i></td><td>Br22-220</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>S of Xique-Xique</td><td>-11.0398</td><td>-42.7311</td><td>PP192820</td></tr><tr><th>UH499</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>emekori</i></td><td>Br22-224</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>near Mundinho, near Toca do Índio</td><td>-11.0195</td><td>-42.1564</td><td>PP192819</td></tr><tr><th>UH505</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>camarai</i></td><td>Br22-243</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Pernambuco</td><td>NE of Petrolina</td><td>-9.1957</td><td>-40.3832</td><td>PP192828</td></tr><tr><th>UH506</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>sertao</i></td><td>Br22-246</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Pernambuco</td><td>NE of Lagoa Grande</td><td>-8.9117</td><td>-40.0547</td><td>PP192824</td></tr><tr><th>UH508</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>sertao</i></td><td>Br22-253</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Pernambuco</td><td>NE of Cabrobó</td><td>-8.4200</td><td>-39.1760</td><td>PP192823</td></tr><tr><th>UH515</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>sertao</i></td><td>Carv72</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Piauí</td><td>P.N. da Serra da Capivara, Baixão das Andorinhas</td><td>-8.8614</td><td>-42.6867</td><td>PP192818</td></tr><tr><th>UH516</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>ramosae</i></td><td>Carv82</td><td>Brazil</td><td>Bahia</td><td>São Desiderio, Gruta da Passagem</td><td>-12.4177</td><td>-45.0743</td><td>PP192825</td></tr><tr><th>UH552</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>walekeru</i></td><td>Col287</td><td>Colombia</td><td>La Guajira</td><td>5 km S of Riohacha</td><td>11.4848</td><td>-72.9051</td><td>PP192827</td></tr><tr><th>UH553</th><td><i>Ibotyporanga</i></td><td><i>piojo</i></td><td>Col316</td><td>Colombia</td><td>Atlántico</td><td>near Piojo, Reserva Natural Los Charcones</td><td>10.7570</td><td>-75.0950</td><td>PP192821</td></tr></tbody></table>
Text-fig. 1. Map of the Carboniferous-Permian non-marine basins of the Czech Republic; the star indicates roughly the position of the locality Ploužnice in the north-western part of the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (according to Opluštil et al. 2016b). in Fossil Fauna And Flora Of A Re-Discovered Locality In The Late Carboniferous Ploužnice Horizon Of The Krkonoše Piedmont Basin, Bohemian Massif
Text-fig. 1. Map of the Carboniferous-Permian non-marine basins of the Czech Republic; the star indicates roughly the position of the locality Ploužnice in the north-western part of the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (according to Opluštil et al. 2016b).
Text-fig. 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds of Pazliopsis reyi (a–c) and Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. nov. (d–j). a) Seed in lateral view showing poorly preserved remains of fruit wall and rough surface of the exotesta; b) Section through the wall of a broken seed showing palisade cells of the exotesta; c) Seed surface showing sunken very deeply sinuous outlines of the exotesta cells; d–f, h, i) Seeds in lateral view (holotype figured in d) showing the pointed micropylar-hilar area, the rounded chalazal end, the smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with sinuous cell outlines, and the distinct course of the raphe; g) Surface of the exotesta showing the distinctive cell outlines formed by the sinuous anticlinal walls of the palisade cells; j) Apical view of seed showing the prominent operculum. Specimens, TV43-S171534 (a), TV44-S136683 (b), TV43-S136745 (c), TV43-S136740 (holotype; d), TV43-S136746 (e), TV43-S136739 (f), TV43-S170083 (g), TV S136743 (h), TV43-S136742 (i), TV38-S174608 (j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d–f, h, i), 50 Μm (j), 30 Μm (c, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds of Pazliopsis reyi (a–c) and Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. nov. (d–j). a) Seed in lateral view showing poorly preserved remains of fruit wall and rough surface of the exotesta; b) Section through the wall of a broken seed showing palisade cells of the exotesta; c) Seed surface showing sunken very deeply sinuous outlines of the exotesta cells; d–f, h, i) Seeds in lateral view (holotype figured in d) showing the pointed micropylar-hilar area, the rounded chalazal end, the smooth surface of the exotesta composed of cells with sinuous cell outlines, and the distinct course of the raphe; g) Surface of the exotesta showing the distinctive cell outlines formed by the sinuous anticlinal walls of the palisade cells; j) Apical view of seed showing the prominent operculum. Specimens, TV43-S171534 (a), TV44-S136683 (b), TV43-S136745 (c), TV43-S136740 (holotype; d), TV43-S136746 (e), TV43-S136739 (f), TV43-S170083 (g), TV S136743 (h), TV43-S136742 (i), TV38-S174608 (j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d–f, h, i), 50 Μm (j), 30 Μm (c, g).
Top-down modulation of shape and roughness discrimination in active touch by covert attention
<p>Due to limitations in perceptual processing, information relevant to momentary task goals is selected from the vast amount of available sensory information by top-down mechanisms (e.g. attention) that can increase perceptual performance. We investigated how covert attention affects perception of 3D objects in active touch. In our experiment, participants simultaneously explored the shape and roughness of two objects in sequence, and were told afterwards to compare the two objects with regard to one of the two features. To direct the focus of covert attention to the different features we manipulated the expectation of a shape or roughness judgment by varying the frequency of trials for each task (20%, 50%, 80%), then we measured discrimination thresholds. We found higher discrimination thresholds for both shape and roughness perception when the task was unexpected, compared to the conditions in which the task was expected (or both tasks were expected equally). Our results suggest that active touch perception is modulated by expectations about the task. This implies that despite fundamental differences, active and passive touch are affected by feature selective covert attention in a similar way.</p> <p> </p> <p>There are zip files for the main experiment and the two pilot experiments, which contain all data relative to the publication. The data of each participant is contained in a separate folder. This folder contains a *.raw file with the participant's answers for each session of the experiment and a "data" folder, which contains movement trajectories (*.trj files) for each session in separate folders.</p> <p>Variables of the main experiment are described in the file VARIABLE_CODES_MainExp.txt and the variables of the pilot experiments are described in the files VARIABLE_CODES_PilotRoughness.txt and VARIABLE_CODES_PilotShape.txt.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.