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opennotspecifiedJun 2022View details →

Fig. 3 Cranial shape and size differences between sexes. a in The influence of geography in the cranial diversification of the bulldog bats of the genus Noctilio (Noctilionidae: Chiroptera)

Fig. 3 Cranial shape and size differences between sexes. a Deformation grids from the consensus (black circles) to maximum and minimum (grey circles) PC1 score of the lateral view of the skull, describing sex differences in Noctilio species. b Deformation grids from the consensus (black circles) to maximum and minimum (grey circles)

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Sex- and social context-dependent differences in mice head movement during social interactions

Data set and code for the paper : Sex- and social context-dependent differences in mice head movement during social interactions.  Adèle Phalip1,*, Shai Netser1 and Shlomo Wagner1   1Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel   *Corresponding author: <a href="mailto:adele.phalip@gmail.com">adele.phalip@gmail.com</a>

opencc-zeroNov 2021View details →

Posterior cervical brown fat and CXCL14 levels in the first year of life: sex differences and association with adiposity

Context: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is particularly abundant in neonates but its association with measures of adiposity and metabolic health in early infancy is poorly delineated. Besides sustaining non-shivering thermogenesis, BAT secretes brown adipokines that act on systemic metabolism. The chemokine CXCL14 has been identified as a brown adipokine in experimental studies. Objective: To determine the relationships among BAT activity, adiposity and circulating CXCL14 levels in the first year of life in girls and boys. Design, setting and participants: Indices of fat accretion, circulating endocrine-metabolic parameters and serum CXCL14 levels were assessed longitudinally in a cohort of infants at birth and at 4 and 12 months. BAT activity was estimated using infrared thermography only at age 12 months. Main outcome measures: Weight and length Z-scores, total and abdominal fat content (by DXA), BAT activity at the posterior-cervical and supraclavicular regions, serum levels of glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, high-molecular-weight adiponectin and CXCL14; CXCL14 transcript levels in neonatal BAT and liver. Results: Posterior-cervical BAT was more active in girls than in boys (p=0.02). BAT activity was negatively associated with adiposity parameters only in girls. CXCL14 levels were higher in girls than in boys at age 12 months and correlated positively with the area of active posterior-cervical BAT in girls. Neonatal BAT showed high CXCL14 gene expression levels. Conclusions: BAT activity and the levels of CXCL14 -a potential surrogate of BAT activity- are sex-specific in the first year of life. BAT activity associates negatively with indices of adiposity only in girls.

opencc-zeroJan 2022View details →

Data associated to: A bioenergetics approach to understanding sex differences in the foraging behaviour of a sexually monomorphic species

Many animals show sexually divergent foraging behaviours reflecting different physiological constraints or energetic needs. We used a bioenergetics approach to examine sex differences in foraging behaviour of the sexually monomorphic northern gannet. We used the relationship between dynamic body acceleration and energy expenditure to investigate energetic cost of prey capture attempts (plunge dives). Fourteen gannets were tracked using GPS, TDR, and accelerometers. All plunge dives in a foraging trip represented <4% of total energy expenditure, with no significant sex differences in expenditure. Despite females undertaking significantly more dives than males, the low energetic cost resulted in no sex differences in overall energy expenditure across a foraging trip. Bayesian stable isotope mixing models based on blood samples highlighted sex differences in diet, however, calorific intake from successful prey capture was estimated to be similar between sexes. Females experienced 9.6% higher energy demands, due to unequal chick provisioning. Estimates show a minimum of 21% of dives have to be successful for females to meet their daily energy requirements, and 29% for males. Our analyses suggest northern gannets show sex differences in foraging behaviour primarily related to dive rate and success rather than the energetic cost of foraging or energetic content of prey.

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

The genetic and social contributions to sex differences in lifespan in Drosophila serrata

Sex differences in lifespan remain an intriguing puzzle in evolutionary biology. While explanations range from sex differences in selection to sex differences in the expression of recessive lifespan-altering mutations (via X-linkage), little consensus has been reached. One unresolved issue is the extent to which genetic influences on lifespan dimorphism are modulated by the environment. For example, studies have shown that sex-differences in lifespan can either increase or decrease depending upon the social environment. Here we took an experimental approach, manipulating multiple axes of social environment across inbred long- and short-lived genotypes and their reciprocal F1s in the fly Drosophila serrata. Our results reveal strong genetic effects and subtle yet significant genotype-by-environment interactions for male and female lifespan, specifically due to both population density and mating status. Further, our data do not support the idea that unconditional expression of deleterious X-linked recessive alleles in heterogametic males accounts for lower male lifespan.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Data from: Sex differences in morphology across an expanding range edge in the flightless ground beetle, Carabus hortensis

Many species experience range shifts, contractions, and/or expansions. Often, morphological traits that increase movement capacity are observed in higher frequencies at the edge of an expanding or shifting range. Although traits observed at the range edge may differ between the sexes, sex differences in the distribution of morphological traits across species' changing ranges are rarely studied. Here, we report pronotum width (as a proxy for body size) and body condition data from individual Carabus hortensis ground beetles that were captured at varying proximities to an expanding range edge. The relationships between measures of both body size and body condition and the position along the expansion front with which individuals were captured were assessed for males and females separately. Body size increased with proximity to the range edge in males alone. Body condition (relative to body size) was not predicted by position along the expansion front, but decreased with increasing population density in males but not females. Our results therefore indicate that sex is an important factor influencing patterns in trait distribution across species' ranges.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2024View details →

Sex-Based Differences in Thyroid Plasma B Cell Infiltration: Implications for Autoimmune Disease Susceptibility - Table S1

This is the supplementary table for the manuscript entitled "Sex-Based Differences in Thyroid Plasma B Cell Infiltration: Implications for Autoimmune Disease Susceptibility"

opennotspecifiedMar 2018View details →

Figure 2 in Sex ratios of oribatid mite assemblages differ among microhabitats

Figure 2. Average sex ratio [% females] of sexual oribatid mite species found in a respective microhabitat. Different letters indicate significant differences (Tukey pairwise contrast; P ≤ 0.05). Circles represent means; lines are standard errors.

opennotspecifiedMar 2018View details →

Figure 1 in Sex ratios of oribatid mite assemblages differ among microhabitats

Figure 1. Summarized numbers of sexual vs parthenogenetic species (A) and individuals (B), respectively, and percentages (C) of sexually reproducing individuals (light bars) and sexual species (dark bars) in the microhabitats dead wood, grass sod, lichen, litter, moss, and tree bark.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

Supplementary Materials for the Article: Sex-Related Differences in the Association of Obesity with Outcomes in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients

Supplementary Materials - Sex-Related Differences in the Association of Obesity Described by Emergency Medical Teams on Outcomes in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients Supplementary Table 1 Opis: Detailed report on models related to location and initial rhythm, including odds ratios and confidence intervals for cardiac arrest outcomes. Supplementary Table 2 Opis: Further analysis of initial rhythm and location, adjusted by sex, age, and other factors affecting cardiac arrest outcomes. Supplementary Table 3 Opis: Assessment of multicollinearity between variables used in logistic regression models, based on the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). Supplementary Table 4 Opis: Results of a three-way logistic regression model showing the combined effects of sex, location, and initial rhythm on the odds of Return of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC). Supplementary Table 5 Opis: A logistic regression model demonstrating how location and age modulate ROSC odds, with and without interaction with initial rhythm.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Similar hybrid composition among different age and sex classes in the Myrtle–Audubon's warbler hybrid zone

Hybrid zones provide a key natural context within which to study the barriers between incipient species. In some avian hybrid zones, there is indirect evidence of selection against hybrid offspring, yet the source of that selection is often unclear. We examined the frequency distribution of hybrids between Myrtle Warblers (Setophaga coronata coronata) and Audubon's Warblers (S. c. auduboni), using data to quantify—for the first time at a genomic scale—the composition of hybrids in this hybrid zone. We sampled birds during the breeding season and during fall migration and compared the frequencies of hybrids of different sex and age classes. Specifically, we tested for evidence of early-generation hybrids being significantly under- or over-represented in any of these classes, as would be expected if hybrids have lower or higher fitness than non-hybrids. We found that the genomic composition of birds in the hybrid zone spans the full ancestry spectrum. Across all our sampling periods, we found an excess of birds that had more Audubon's ancestry, with a stronger bias toward Audubon's ancestry in fall migrants than in breeding birds, consistent with asymmetric introgression. Notably, we did not find any differences in hybrid frequencies between juvenile and adult age classes or between males and females. Therefore, our results do not support large differences in viability between male and female hybrids or between different age classes of hybrids.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Supplementary tables in article entitled "Global, regional, and national trends in disability adjusted life years of musculoskeletal disorders in different sexes and ages, 1990-2019"

Table S1. The DALYs and ASDR of musculoskeletal disorders in 1990 and 2019 at national level, by sex and age group. Table S3. The DALYs and ASDR of musculoskeletal disorders in 1990 and 2019 at global and regional level, by sex, age group and cause. Table S4. The DALYs and ASDR of musculoskeletal disorders in 1990 and 2019 at national level, by sex, age group and cause.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Sex differences in the behavioural traits across ontogenetic stages in a sexually-size dimorphic spider

Data collected on males and females of the spider species Dolomedes fimbriatus. Behavioural biology, the relationship of sex, age and body mass to voracity, boldness and propensity to attack a simulated attacker throughout ontogeny. ID = individual code Gender = 0 - female; 1 - male Stage = 1 - juvenile; 2 - sub-adult; 3 - adult Repeat = the sequence number of the experiment repetition Boldess = Score for boldness experiments (0 - bold; 5 - shy) Voracity = Score for voracity experiment (0 - did not take a fly; 1 - took a fly) Attack = Score for propensity to attack simulated prefator (0 - did not attack; 1- attacked) Mass = Specimens body mass at the time of experiment in grams Age = Specimens age at the time of experiment in days before (negative) and after (positive) final molt Difference in masa = The difference in body mass between consecutive experiments for a specimen    Difference in age = The difference in age between consecutive experiments for a specimen Difference Boldness = The difference in boldness scores between consecutive experiments for a specimen Absolute Difference Boldness = The absolute difference in boldness scores between consecutive experiments for a specimen    Difference Voracity = The difference in voracity scores between consecutive experiments for a specimen     Absolute Difference Voracity = The absolute difference in voracity scores between consecutive experiments for a specimen    Difference Attack = The difference in attack scores between consecutive experiments for a specimen Absolute Difference Attack = The absolute difference in attack scores between consecutive experiments for a specimen

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Biology of Sex Differences Sex-linked differences in cardiac atrophy after mechanical unloading induced by heterotopic heart transplantation

GraphPad prism dataset to support - Biology of Sex Differences Sex-linked differences in cardiac atrophy after mechanical unloading induced by heterotopic heart transplantation

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

SEx-specific Differences in Cardiac Surgery Patients (SECS).

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06554925. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

Sex and Gender Differences in Ischemic Heart Disease - Endocrine Vascular Disease Approach

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02737982. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Differences by Sex and Genotype in the Effects of Stress on Executive Functions

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04273880. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

Sex Differences in Oral Bacteria

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01583803. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Mental Stress and Myocardial Ischemia After MI: Sex Differences, Mechanisms and Prognosis

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04123197. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.