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Above and below ground plant biomass in Arctic LTER's 1981 mesic acidic tussock tundra experimental site (MAT81) harvested in 2000, Arctic LTER, Toolik Lake, Alaska.
Above and below-ground plant biomass, including plant roots, was measured in Arctic LTER's moist acidic tussock tundra experimental site (MAT81). The plots were set up in 1981 and have been harvested in previous years (See Shaver and Chapin Ecological Monographs, 61(1), 1991 pp.1-31). This file contains the 2000 harvested biomass and percent carbon and nitrogen summaries for control and fertilized plots. Leaf area data for select species are available in Shaver, G. 2016. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/13915ef410067ef23bad0faff678319c
Above ground plant, belowground stem and root biomass in Arctic Long-term Ecological Research's 2006 moist acidic tussock tundra experimental sites, 2012, Toolik Lake, Alaska.
Above ground plant, belowground stem and root biomass was measured in moist acidic tussock tundra experimental sites established in 2006 by the Arctic Long-term Ecological Research site (ARC-LTER. Control plots and plots amended with three different levels of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P), F10 (10 g/m2 N and 5 g/m2 P); F5 (5 g/m2 N and 2.5 g/m2 P); F2 (2 g/m2 N and 1 g/m2 P), were sampled.
Seasonal Ice Mass-balance Buoy (SIMB) measurements from sites along the Beaufort Sea Coast, Alaska, 2018-ongoing
Measurements of the thickness of sea ice and the depth of its snow cover allow us to calculate how their mass changes in response to the varying fluxes of heat between the ocean and atmosphere over the course of a season. Repeated drill measurements are not ideal for this purpose since each drill hole disturbs the ice and its insulating snow cover. Also, spatial variability in ice thickness can mask temporal changes if holes are not drilled in the same place each time. Hence, methods that do not require re-drilling are preferred. Automated systems such as the Seasonal Ice Mass-balance Buoy (SIMB; Planck et al, 2019) provide high temporal resolution for capturing sub-daily variations and typically include sensor strings to measure the vertical temperature profile from the air to the ocean, which can be used to infer other properties of the ice cover such as strength and porosity. Under the Beaufort Lagoon Ecosystems LTER (BLE LTER) research program, several SIMBs are deployed at sites along the Beaufort Sea coast and record a suite of parameters including but not limited to snow depth, ice thickness, position of ice surface and bottom, water/air temperature, and vertical profiles of temperature. Planck, C. J., J. Whitlock, C. Polashenski, and D. Perovich (2019), The evolution of the seasonal ice mass balance buoy, Cold Regions Science and Technology, 165, 102792, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102792.
Time series of water column pH from lagoon sites along the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast, 2018-ongoing
Beginning in August 2018, the Beaufort Lagoon Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (BLE LTER) program will record water column pH time series (hourly) from a benthic mooring containing a Seabird SeaFET V2 buoyed 10 cm from the lagoon seafloor. pH values are logged from the instrument’s internal sensor and reported on the total hydrogen ion scale. Site bottom water is collected and analyzed in the laboratory to employ a single point calibration to the data during post-processing. Another discrete water sample is collected months after instrument deployment to determine uncertainty (2018-2019 season: 0.002).
Bonanza Creek LTER: Annual Active Layer Depths from 1972 to Present in the Wickersham Fireline Sites near Fairbanks, Alaska
In June of 1971 the Wickersham fire burned 6313 ha and provided an opportunity to study various fire effects. When wildfire burns through a northern black spruce forest there is usually a subsequent increase in depth of thaw, due to the reduction in the depth of the organic layer. The construction of firelines with heavy machinery involves the complete removal of the organic layer and results in an even greater increase in active layer. This study was designed as a long-term comparison between depth of thaw on firelines, burned and unburned open black spruce forest underlain by ice rich permafrost.
Fall 2020 crab population monitoring: mid-marsh and creek bank abundance based on crab hole counts at GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2020 estimate of crab densities at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Crab abundance was determined by counting the number of crab holes within a 625 cm^2 quadrat and converting the counts to number per square meter. Counts were made in the mid-marsh and creek bank zones (n = 4 per zone) at GCE sites 1 through 10. Note that this census method does not differentiate which species made a particular hole and therefore only estimates total burrowing crab abundance, potentially including species Uca pugnax, Uca minax, Uca pugilator, Armases cinereum, Eurytium limosum and Sesarma reticulatum. Crab holes that are not actively maintained are quickly covered by tidal activity and other sediment disturbances, therefore plugged holes were assumed to be unoccupied and excluded from the counts.
Mollusc population abundance monitoring: Fall 2020 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance based on collections from GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2020 estimate of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Species abundance was determined by hand-collecting all the infaunal and epifaunal molluscs from within quadrats of known area in mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, fixed in ethanol, transferred to and preserved in ethanol, counted and measured (size data is reported separately). The counts were converted to number per square meter. Gastropod species are listed first, followed by bivalve species. Size distribution data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2107a.
Mollusc population size distribution monitoring: Fall 2020 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc size distributions based on collections from GCE marsh monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2020 report of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc species size distributions at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Infaunal and epifaunal molluscs were hand-collected from within quadrats of known area from mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, preserved in ethanol, measured and counted (count data is reported separately). Length of each measurable individual was determined using calipers or an ocular micrometer mounted in a stereomicroscope. Species abundance and density data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2107. Numbers of individuals of each species in the abundance data file may not correspond exactly to the numbers of individuals in the size data file because some individuals may not have been measureable.
Critical slowing down: vegetation height, cover and composition assess resilience of tidal fresh, brackish and salt marshes following experimental disturbance at twelve sites across the estuarine landscape
We investigated the relative recovery rates of vegetation cover, vegetation height and community composition over a period of >10 years after experimental disturbance in 12 tidal marshes (two oligohaline, three mesohaline and seven polyhaline sites) across the estuarine landscape on the coast of Georgia, USA. Vegetation was removed from three by three meter plots (four per site) with herbicide in 2006 followed by repeated clipping through 2009. Vegetation height, cover and composition was assessed in experimental and control plots (4 of each per site) from 2010 to 2020. The goal of the study was to assess how quickly the sites recovered from disturbance, how this varied in different types of marshes, and how results varied depending on whether recovery was assessed by vegetation height, cover or composition.
Coarse Woody Debris in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2010
The woody debris survey was designed to quantify the baseline amount of woody debris within the clearcut site, including coarse and fine woody debris and stumps. Coarse woody debris and stumps were measured using the plot method, while fine woody debris was measured using the line intercept method. Our woody debris survey methods are detailed below. An initial or baseline survey was completed in 2010.
Respiration of Coarse Woody Debris in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest in 2011
This study explored the effects of log position and microclimate variability on the rates of coarse woody debris (CWD) respiration. The rates of respiration of downed Norway spruce (Picea abies) logs were repeatedly measured in-situ using an LI-6200 gas analyzer. Treatments included native logs in the clearcut site, native logs in a neighboring mature spruce stand, and logs transferred from the clearcut site to the mature spruce stand.
Seedlings and Saplings in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2010-2013
The aim of this dataset is to quantify the changes over time in woody seedling and sapling abundances and sizes at a site that was clearcut in the fall of 2008, followed by natural regeneration. It evidences successional changes in recruitment, survival, and associated self-thinning, and can be used to quantify accumulation of aboveground live biomass post-clearing with corresponding allometric relationships.
Eddy Covariance and Meteorological Data in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2009-2012
Clearcutting and other forest disturbances perturb carbon, water, and energy balances in significant ways, with corresponding influences on Earth’s climate system through biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects. Observations are needed to quantify the precise changes in these balances as they vary across diverse disturbances of different types, severities, and in various climate and ecosystem type settings. This dataset reports eddy covariance and micrometeorological measurements of surface-atmosphere exchanges that can be combined with related datasets from vegetation inventories and chamber-based estimates of soil respiration and leaf gas exchange to collectively quantify and understand how carbon, water, and energy fluxes changed during the first four years following forest clearing in a temperate forest environment of the northeastern US. Associated publications show rapid recovery with sustained increases in gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) over the first three growing seasons post-clearing, coincident with large and relatively stable net emission of CO2 because of overwhelmingly large ecosystem respiration. The rise in GEP was attributed to vegetation changes not environmental conditions (e.g. weather), but attribution to the expansion of leaf area versus changes in vegetation composition remains unclear. Soil respiration was estimated to contribute 44% of total ecosystem respiration during summer months and coarse woody debris accounted for another 18%. Evapotranspiration also recovered rapidly and continued to rise across years with a corresponding decrease in sensible heat flux. Gross shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes were stable across years except for strong wintertime dependence on snow covered conditions and corresponding variation in albedo. Overall, these findings underscore the highly dynamic nature of carbon and water exchanges and vegetation composition during the regrowth following a severe forest disturbance, and sheds light on both the
Snowpack in Hemlock, Hardwood, and Open Sites at Harvard Forest 2008-2014
Sub-forest canopy meteorological forcing and snowpack properties can profoundly influence the winter ecology. 3/4 inch graduated PVC snow stakes and web cams were installed at three Harvard Forest (HF) sites including: mixed-hardwood at the Little Prospect Hill (LPH) Eddy Flux Tower, near the Hemlock walk-up tower, and at the open area behind Shaler Hall. Web cameras connected to a laptop at the three sites provided daily images of snowpack surface depth. Snow density profiles were recorded during weekly to monthly site visits from December 2008 to April 2014. Gaps in the datasets were primarily caused by laptop malfunctions and lack of site visits necessary to maintain equipment and to obtain density measurements of the snowpack. There were no site visits to record snowpack properties during the 2011-2012 snow season, a year of unusually low snowfall. These datasets would prove useful for research related to snow ecology and hydrology projects at Harvard Forest.
Long-Term Field Research Sites at Harvard Forest since 1937
The Harvard Forest is an iconic field station, hosting hundreds of field-based studies since it was founded in 1907. Site-based, long-term research increased sharply starting in 1988, when Harvard Forest became a Long-Term Ecological Research Site. This dataset documents the locations of most long-term research studies initiated since 1988; a few studies that began earlier and are still active are also included. Short-term studies, or studies that focus on sampling individual organisms, are not included.
Occurrence of animals along five transects at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 1989-1994
This dataset contains data on the occurrence of rabbits, birds, and lizards observed along the Jornada Basin LTER (II) animal transects in southern New Mexico, USA. Five, 1 km transects were established, each in a different vegetation zone, near the current NPP study locations C-CALI, G-IBPE, M-NORT, P-COLL, and T-EAST. An observer walked each transect once every two weeks from early 1989 through 1994 recording animals observed along the transects. The data consists of species names, numbers of individuals, and perpendicular distances observed from transects, as well as weather and other context observations. Observation history and species codes are described in additional files. This study is complete.
Seasonal aboveground plant biomass estimates at 15 net primary production (NPP) study sites at Jornada Basin LTER from 1989-ongoing
This data package contains aboveground vegetation cover, volume, and calculated biomass values at the 15 Net Primary Production (NPP) study sites on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. For each quadrat, aboveground biomass has been calculated from two data sources: 1) non-destructive horizontal cover and vertical height measurements of individual plants, or plant parts, within each quadrat, and 2) linear regression coefficients for each plant species derived from off-quadrat cover, height, and harvested biomass measurements. Non-destructive measurements (1) are taken during winter, spring, and fall measurement campaigns, then aggregated by species for each quadrat, and resulting dimensions are used to calculate species biomass (grams) by quadrat and season using using the species-specific regression coefficients derived from dataset 2. This is the most detailed biomass dataset available and can be used to derive values of net primary production between seasons or annually. Each dataset record contains calculated biomass (and related variables) by species, quadrat, season, and site. Data collection is ongoing with new observations in spring, fall, and winter of each year, but this data package may be updated less frequently. Attenti
Annual mean estimates of aboveground net primary production (NPP) at 15 sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-ongoing
This package contains values of mean annual aboveground net primary production (NPP, in grams per square meter per year) at 15 NPP study sites on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. In fall, winter, and spring periods aboveground biomass was calculated for each species and quadrat at each NPP site. These calculations rely on two data sources: 1) non-destructive horizontal cover and vertical height measurements of individual plants, or plant parts, within each quadrat, and 2) linear regression coefficients for each plant species derived from off-quadrat cover, height, and harvested biomass measurements. NPP is then calculated as the positive biomass increment between seasons. The annual totals in this dataset are derived by summing mean site NPP values for winter (October - February), spring (February - May), and fall (May - October) increments for a single calendar year. Data collection is ongoing with new annual NPP values calculated after the conclusion of each growing season. Attention: 1) Calculated values in this data package have changed over time as the methodology for estimating biomass has changed. If you are updating or adding to an earlier analysis of these data we recommend consulting with the dataset authors or a Jorna
Seasonal reference harvest measurements of vegetation at 15 net primary production (NPP) study sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-ongoing
This data package contains reference harvest measurements for the long-term Net Primary Production (NPP) study at the Jornada Basin LTER. Data here include horizontal cover, vertical height, and aboveground biomass of plants harvested near, but outside, a grid of permanent NPP quadrats at each of 15 NPP sites. These sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. Harvests are made outside the quadrat grid, but inside the fence. Height and cover are recorded in the field. Live biomass is weighed in the lab and all measurements are recorded as reference harvest data. Subsequently, regressions between the harvested biomass and plant volume values are used to derive allometric equations that determine biomass from non-destructive volume measurements in the permanent NPP quadrats. Further details are described in the methods metadata. This is an ongoing study with new harvest data (from selected species) collected in the spring, fall, and winter each year. Attention: These data are not appropriate for estimates of percentage cover because of the way the data are collected.
Biomass of harvested annual and perrenial forbs and grasses along fertilized and unfertilized ecosystem transects at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1989
This data package contains biomass data for annual or perennial grasses and forbs harvested from quadrats along the Jornada Basin LTER (LTER-I) transects in southern New Mexico, USA. These transects are located in a livestock exclosure established in 1982 in the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) and run from the middle of the College Playa up to the foot of Mt. Summerford (2.7 km in length). Prior to the exclosure, the study site was moderately to heavily grazed for the past 100 years. The Treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Along each transect, 91 stations, each with a plant intercept line, are spaced at 30 meter intervals. Each plant intercept line is perpendicular to the transect and is 30 meters in length broken into 5-meter segments. The included dataset includes biomass data for grasses and forbs clipped from 1 square meter quadrats directly downslope from some, but not all, of these segments. The harvest measurements occurred in September 1989. Data consists of the date, transect, station number, quad, JRN and USDA Plants species codes, species binomial, habit, form, and biomass. This study is complete.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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