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Figure 4 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 4. Hard parts of the copulatory organ of Meidiama uruguayensis sp. nov. (A; inset, terminal opening in the holotype), Meidiama lutheri (B), and Meidiama schockaerti (C).

Figure 15 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 15. The needles and the muscular supports of the copulatory organ in the species of Serrula. A, Serrula byronensis sp. nov.; B, Serrula maxillaria sp. nov.; C, Serrula concharum sp. nov.; D, Serrula acuta sp. nov. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 3 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 3. Reconstruction of the copulatory organ in Meidiama lutheri and Meidiama uruguayensis sp. nov., seen from the left, based on sections of M. uruguayensis sp. nov. and the whole mounts of both species. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 14 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 14. Posteriormost body part in live animals. A, Serrula byronensis sp. nov.; B, Serrula maxillaria sp. nov.; C, Serrula concharum sp. nov. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 2 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 2. Sagittal reconstruction of the female system, seen from the left, of the species of Meidiama, mainly based on sections of Meidiama uruguayensis sp. nov. The lower figure is the continuation of the upper part. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 5. A in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 5. A living animal of Dreuxiola philippi sp. nov. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 11 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 11. Sagittal reconstruction of the postpharyngeal genital organs of Yorknia aprostatica sp. nov., seen from the left. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 12 in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 12. Copulatory organ of Yorknia aprostatica sp. nov., as seen in the whole mounts. A, in the holotype; B, in the paratype. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

Figure 10. Drawings from a in A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera

Figure 10. Drawings from a living animal of Yorknia aprostatica sp. nov. A, the whole animal; B, the postpharyngeal genital organs. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Magnetic properties and chemical analysis of remagnetised carbonates of South America

We investigate the magnetic properties and chemical composition of remagnetised carbonate rocks in South America. These rocks play a crucial role in understanding past climates and the behaviour of Earth's magnetic field. Unfortunately, the primary remanence of these rocks is often altered by secondary components in a process known as remagnetisation. In South America, we observe evidence of a continent-wide remagnetisation event in Neoproterozoic carbonates from sedimentary basins separated by significant distances. To shed further light on this phenomenon, we employ both traditional macroscopic rock magnetic analysis and advanced synchrotron-based nano/micro imaging and chemical analysis techniques.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Transport Starter Data Kit: Historical socio-transport data for selected countries in Africa, Asia, and South America

This Transport Starter Data Kit contains historical annual data (1990–2021) on passenger activity, freight activity, vehicle stock, energy intensity, and load factor segregated by mode and fuel, where available. Additionally, historical data on population (total, urban, rural, growth) and GDP (total, agriculture, construction, mining, manufacturing, service, energy, growth) are included in the kit, within the 'Data' tab. The historical data can be used as a foundation for transport-energy modelling and/or to identify areas of improvement. This data was verified through consultation with relevant stakeholders before publishing. The definition used for each vehicle mode is found in the 'Definitions' tab, and the description of each data observation status is found in the 'Notes' tab. All data sources are linked where possible.Countries included: Angola, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Colombia, Djibouti, Algeria, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Indonesia, Kenya, Cambodia, Republic of Korea, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Libya, Lesotho, Morocco, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritania, Malawi, Malaysia, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Philippines, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Eswatini, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tunisia, Taiwan Province of China, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2024View details →

Solar PV and wind power Model Supply Region (MSR) dataset as energy model input for countries in Central and South America

This dataset provides model-ready data to include geospatial differentiation in solar and wind power investment options in energy models (primarily capacity expansion models and dispatch models) at the level of every Central and South American country.  The methodology used to create the dataset takes into account resource quality, land use restrictions, distance from infrastructure, and other factors. It was previously applied to create an all-Africa dataset explained in Sterl et al. (2022) and published by Sterl, Hussain & Elabbas (2023).  Folder (1) provides shapefiles of each country's overall feasible area for developing solar and wind power projects, under the restrictions/criteria mentioned above and described in Sterl et al. (2022). Folder (2) provides the best 5% ("best" measured by expected LCOE, from lowest to highest, including grid and road extension costs; 5% measured in terms of coverage of a country's area) of each country's solar and wind development potential, including hourly time series for model input. Folder (3) provides the corresponding shapefiles. Folder (4) provides simplified/aggregated results in terms of MSR clusters (see Sterl et al. 2022 for details), alongside hourly time series based on the meteorological year 2018. The amount of clusters was chosen to be 3, 5 or 10 depending on country size. Folder (5) provides PDF-file maps at the country level, showing resource strength and clustering outcomes by MSR (post-screening). Explanations of the headers in any spreadsheet files are provided in the Supplementary Information of Sterl et al. (2022). Countries/territories included in the dataset:  Argentina Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador French Guiana Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela   References Sterl, S., Hussain, B., Miketa, A. et al. An all-Africa dataset of energy model “supply regions” for solar photovoltaic and wind power. Sci Data 9, 664 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01786-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01786-5</a> Sterl, S., Hussain, B., & Elabbas, M. (2023). Data for the paper « An all-Africa dataset of energy model "supply regions" for solar PV and wind power » (1.2.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14870967">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14870967</a>

Figure 5 in Three new genera of Protandrenini bees from South America (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Andreninae)

Figure 5 Cisanthrena perforata Ramos & Melo new species, male paratype. A, apex of metasoma, showing the T7, in postero-dorsal view. B, S6 in ventral view. C, S7 in ventral view. D, S8 in ventral view. E, genitalia in lateral view. F, genitalia in ventral view. Scale bar 0.2 mm.

Figure 4 Cisanthrena perforata Ramos & Melo new species. A in Three new genera of Protandrenini bees from South America (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Andreninae)

Figure 4 Cisanthrena perforata Ramos & Melo new species. A, head of female (holotype) in frontal view. B, female (holotype) in lateral view. C, head of male (paratype) in frontal view. D, male (paratype) in dorsal view. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Figure 1 in Three new genera of Protandrenini bees from South America (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Andreninae)

Figure 1 Austellurgus avulsus (Ramos & Melo, 2006), paratypes. A, head of female in frontal view. B, female in lateral view. C, labrum and mandible of female in frontal view. D, head of male in frontal view. E, male in lateral view. F, labrum and mandible of male in frontal view. G, mesosoma of male in dorsal view. H, metasoma of female in dorsal view. I, apex of female metasoma, showing the pygidial plate. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figure 2 in Three new genera of Protandrenini bees from South America (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Andreninae)

Figure 2 Luisanthrena ruzae Ramos & Melo new species, paratypes. A, head of female in frontal view. B, female in dorsal view. C, head of male in frontal view. D, male in lateral view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10 in Three new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

FIGURE 10 | Morphology of myorhabdoi and pseudotympanum of Eigenmannia camposi (A.,C.; IAvH-P-7023) and Sternopygus aequilabiatus (B.,D.; MPUJ-9518) from the middle Magdalena basin (Honda-Tolima). A. E. camposi epipleural myorhabdoi bones. B. S. aequilabiatus epipleural myorhabdoi bones. C. Detail of the obliquus inferioris muscle limiting the posteroventral margin of muscular hiatus in E. camposi. D. Detail of the obliquus inferioris muscle limiting the posteroventral margin of muscular hiatus in S. aequilabiatus. Scale bar 1 cm.

FIGURE 4 in Three new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

FIGURE 4 | MANOVA/CVA scatter plot. Red: Atrato; Fuchsia: Caribe-Guajira; Aqua: Catatumbo-Maracaibo; Yellow: cis-Andean; Green: Lower Magdalena; Gray: Middle Magdalena; Black: Upper Magdalena.

FIGURE 3 in Three new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

FIGURE 3 | BG-PCA scatter plot for Eigenmannia. Red: Atrato; Fuchsia: Caribe-Guajira; Aqua: Catatumbo-Maracaibo; Yellow: cis-Andean; Green: Lower Magdalena; Gray: Middle Magdalena; Black: Upper Magdalena.

FIGURE 7 in Three new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

FIGURE 7 | Map illustrating the known geographic distribution of Eigenmannia camposi (circles), E. zenuensis (squares), and E. magoi (triangles). Red symbols indicate type localities.