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Distribution. Watersheds of Dnieper, Don, Volga, and Kama rivers, and middle and lower reaches of Ural River in European Russia, E Ukraine, and NW Kazakhstan. Introduced to the upper reaches of Ob River in W Siberia. in Talpidae

Distribution. Watersheds of Dnieper, Don, Volga, and Kama rivers, and middle and lower reaches of Ural River in European Russia, E Ukraine, and NW Kazakhstan. Introduced to the upper reaches of Ob River in W Siberia.

Distribution. SC China (SW Sichuan), restricted to a small area surrounded by Dadu, Jinsha, and Yalu rivers. in Talpidae

Distribution. SC China (SW Sichuan), restricted to a small area surrounded by Dadu, Jinsha, and Yalu rivers.

Distribution. Endemic to Baja California (Mexico), known from four localities in Sierra de San Pedro Martir. in Talpidae

Distribution. Endemic to Baja California (Mexico), known from four localities in Sierra de San Pedro Martir.

Subspecies and Distribution. C.c.cristataLinnaeus,1758—SECanada(SManitoba,C&SOntario,SQuebec,andNewfoundland)andNEUSA(N&CMinnesota,Wisconsin,Michigan,NewYork,Vermont,NewHampshire,Maine,Massachusetts,Connecticut,RhodeIsland,NOhio,Pennsylvania,NewJersey,EWestVirginia,NVirginia,Maryland,andDelaware). C.c. nigra R. W. Smith, 1940 — E USA (S West Virginia, S Virginia, W & E North Carolina, E Tennessee, E South Carolina, and SE Georgia). in Talpidae

Subspecies and Distribution. C.c.cristataLinnaeus,1758—SECanada(SManitoba,C&SOntario,SQuebec,andNewfoundland)andNEUSA(N&CMinnesota,Wisconsin,Michigan,NewYork,Vermont,NewHampshire,Maine,Massachusetts,Connecticut,RhodeIsland,NOhio,Pennsylvania,NewJersey,EWestVirginia,NVirginia,Maryland,andDelaware). C.c. nigra R. W. Smith, 1940 — E USA (S West Virginia, S Virginia, W & E North Carolina, E Tennessee, E South Carolina, and SE Georgia).

Subspecies and Distribution. S.l.latimanusBachman,1842—N&WCCaliforniaandadjacentSOregonandNWNevada(USA). S.l.insularisPalmer,1937—AngelI,SanFranciscoBay,California(USA). S.l.minusculusBangs,1899—ECCaliforniaandadjacentCWNevada(USA). S.l.occultusGrinnell&Swarth,1912—SC&SWCalifornia(USA)andadjacentNWBajaCalifornia(Mexico). S. l. parvus Palmer, 1937 — Alamena Coun- ty, CW California (USA). in Talpidae

Subspecies and Distribution. S.l.latimanusBachman,1842—N&WCCaliforniaandadjacentSOregonandNWNevada(USA). S.l.insularisPalmer,1937—AngelI,SanFranciscoBay,California(USA). S.l.minusculusBangs,1899—ECCaliforniaandadjacentCWNevada(USA). S.l.occultusGrinnell&Swarth,1912—SC&SWCalifornia(USA)andadjacentNWBajaCalifornia(Mexico). S. l. parvus Palmer, 1937 — Alamena Coun- ty, CW California (USA).

Subspecies and Distribution. S.o.orariusTrue,1896—PacificcoastofUSA(WWashington,includingVashon-MauryI,W&COregon,andNWCalifornia). S. o. schefferi H. H. T. Jackson, 1915 — extreme SW Canada (SW British Columbia) and NW USA (C & E Washington, NE Oregon, and very marginally WC Idaho in Adams and Washington counties). in Talpidae

Subspecies and Distribution. S.o.orariusTrue,1896—PacificcoastofUSA(WWashington,includingVashon-MauryI,W&COregon,andNWCalifornia). S. o. schefferi H. H. T. Jackson, 1915 — extreme SW Canada (SW British Columbia) and NW USA (C & E Washington, NE Oregon, and very marginally WC Idaho in Adams and Washington counties).

Distribution. Disjunct range, W fragment encompasses the Western Alps (Switzerland, NW Italy, and SE France) and the Apennine Mts of Italy as far S as Sila Massif; in the Balkans, E portion covers topographically broken landscape in SE Bosnia and Herzegovina, adjacent Dalmatia (Croatia), Montenegro, Kosovo, W Macedonia, Albania, and W Greece. in Talpidae

Distribution. Disjunct range, W fragment encompasses the Western Alps (Switzerland, NW Italy, and SE France) and the Apennine Mts of Italy as far S as Sila Massif; in the Balkans, E portion covers topographically broken landscape in SE Bosnia and Herzegovina, adjacent Dalmatia (Croatia), Montenegro, Kosovo, W Macedonia, Albania, and W Greece.

Distribution. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu); distribution in C Honshu is rather continuous, while N & W distribution is patchy and isolated due to mountainous topography. in Talpidae

Distribution. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu); distribution in C Honshu is rather continuous, while N & W distribution is patchy and isolated due to mountainous topography.

Subspecies and Distribution. U.t.talpoidesTemminck,1841—Japan(mainislandsofHonshu,Shikoku,andKyushuandadjacentsmallislandsofFukuejimainGotoIs,AmakusaIs,Mishima,OkiIs,Shodoshima,Awajishima,Notojima,andAwashima). U. t. adversus Thomas, 1908 — Japan (Tsushima I). in Talpidae

Subspecies and Distribution. U.t.talpoidesTemminck,1841—Japan(mainislandsofHonshu,Shikoku,andKyushuandadjacentsmallislandsofFukuejimainGotoIs,AmakusaIs,Mishima,OkiIs,Shodoshima,Awajishima,Notojima,andAwashima). U. t. adversus Thomas, 1908 — Japan (Tsushima I).

Distribution. S in Talpidae

Distribution. S margin of Anatolian-Iranian high plateau in SC & SE Turkey (Adana, Gaziantep, Bitlis, and Hakkari provinces) and NW Iran (Kordestan); disjunct distribution separated by gap c¢.450 km wide. A single mole humerus, found in owl pellets from Qala'at Salah ad Din (W Syria), most probably belongs to this species.

Distribution. W & C Siberia, from the Irtysh River Basin E in Talpidae

Distribution. W & C Siberia, from the Irtysh River Basin E to Baikal region and upper reaches of Lena River Basin, and from Yenisei River at 68-69°30'N S to Altai, Salair, and Sayan Mts, NE Kazakhstan, and NW Mongolia (N Great Lakes Depression and Hovsgol Mts).

Figure 4 in Complete mitogenome of Chinese shrew mole Uropsilus soricipes (Milne- Edwards, 1871) (Mammalia: Talpidae) and genetic structure of the species in the Jiajin Mountains (China)

Figure 4. Expected (solid line) and observed (broken lines) mismatch distribution of Uropsilus soricipes based on cyt b. The x-axis represents the numbers of pairwise differences among sequences and the y-axis represents the relative frequencies of pairwise comparisons. (A) All individuals; (B) Jiajin Mountains population.

Figure 3. Bayesian 50 in Complete mitogenome of Chinese shrew mole Uropsilus soricipes (Milne- Edwards, 1871) (Mammalia: Talpidae) and genetic structure of the species in the Jiajin Mountains (China)

Figure 3. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus phylogenetic tree of Eulipotyphla species from a phylogenetic analysis by the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 12 heavy strand proteincoding genes. Rattus rattus and Tupaia belangeri used as outgroup. The numbers on the internode branche is bootstrap percentages for ML analyses.

Figure 1 in Complete mitogenome of Chinese shrew mole Uropsilus soricipes (Milne- Edwards, 1871) (Mammalia: Talpidae) and genetic structure of the species in the Jiajin Mountains (China)

Figure 1. Study area and sampling sites for Chinese shrew mole (Uropsilus soricipes) in this study. Sample sizes can be found in Table 1.

Figure 5. Bayesian inference tree using the TIM2 in Complete mitogenome of Chinese shrew mole Uropsilus soricipes (Milne- Edwards, 1871) (Mammalia: Talpidae) and genetic structure of the species in the Jiajin Mountains (China)

Figure 5. Bayesian inference tree using the TIM2 + I + G model depicting the relationship of Uropsilus soricipes. The phylogenetic tree was rooted using Rattus rattus and Neotetracus sinensis. Numbers represent node supports inferred from Bayesian posterior probabilities. Clade A. Jiajin Mountains (JM); Dujiangyan (DJY); Tianquan (TQ); Maoxian (MX); Lixian (LX); Jiuzhaigou (JZG); Clade B. Yuexi (YX).

Figure 3 in An underground burst of diversity - a new look at the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Talpa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia: Talpidae) as revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Figure 3. The Bayesian phylogeny of the genus Talpa as inferred from the complete cytb gene sequence. The designations are as in Figure 3. The outgroup (representatives of the genera Euroscaptor, Mogera, Parascaptor, Scaptochirus and tribes Desmanini, Scalopini and Condylurini) is not shown.

Figure 4 in An underground burst of diversity - a new look at the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Talpa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia: Talpidae) as revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Figure 4. Species tree of Talpa produced by the *BEAST algorithm using the Bayesian multispecies coalescent approach. Values above the branches correspond to Bayesian posterior probabilities.

Figure 2 in An underground burst of diversity - a new look at the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Talpa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia: Talpidae) as revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Figure 2. The Bayesian phylogeny of the genus Talpa as inferred from a concatenated alignment of four nuclear genes. Values above the branches correspond to Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) in MrBayes and bootstrap support (1000 pseudoreplicates) in ML and MP analyses, correspondingly. Representatives of the genera Euroscaptor, Mogera, Parascaptor, Scaptochirus and tribes Desmanini, Scalopini and Condylurini are used as outgroups.

Figure 1 in An underground burst of diversity - a new look at the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Talpa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia: Talpidae) as revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Figure 1. Map of sampling localities for specimens of the genus Talpa used in this study. Localities 1–37 are listed in Table 1 (original material), localities 38–57 correspond to the sequences retrieved from GenBank and are listed in Supporting Information 1.

Figure 5 in An underground burst of diversity - a new look at the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Talpa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia: Talpidae) as revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Figure 5. Timescale of major divergence events among Talpa based on nuclear concatenation (BEAST). The divergence times correspond to the mean posterior estimate of their age in Myr. The grey bars represent the 95% HPD interval. Numbers above the branches correspond to posterior probabilities for each node.