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FIGURE 8 in The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Western Europe: Confirmation of Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (stat. prom.) and Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916 (stat. res.), based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae)

FIGURE 8. Larva of Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916, right legs. 8A: anterior views, 8P: posterior views. I–III: pro-, meso-, and metathoracic legs respectively.

FIGURES 1–7 in The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Western Europe: Confirmation of Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (stat. prom.) and Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916 (stat. res.), based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae)

FIGURES 1–7. Larva of Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916. 1a–1d, head: 1a, dorsal; 1b, right parietalium, dorsal; 1c, left parietalium, left lateral; 1d, frontoclypeus, dorsal. 2D–2V, mandibles from last instar larval exuviae, left (l) and right (r): 2D, dorsal; 2V ventral. 3a–3b, mouth parts: 3a, ventral; 3b, labrum, dorsal. 4a–4b, prothorax: 4a, dorsal; 4b left hemisclerite, left lateral. 5, dorsal sclerite of abdominal segment IX. 6D–6V, anal prolegs: 6D, dorsal; 6V, ventral, with basoventral hooks (arrows). 7a–7c details of anal proleg sclerites: 7a, right anal claw, right lateral; 7b, detail of claw, right lateral; 7c detail of basilateral plate with sword process and basoventral hook (arrow), right lateral.

FIGURE 11 in The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Western Europe: Confirmation of Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (stat. prom.) and Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916 (stat. res.), based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae)

FIGURE 11. Details of left parameres (left lateral view) of the males of Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916 (11a), R. denticulata McLachlan 1879 (11b) and R. fasciata Hagen 1859 (11c), observed in light microscopy. Scale bar: 200 µm.

FIGURE 15 in The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Western Europe: Confirmation of Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (stat. prom.) and Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916 (stat. res.), based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae)

FIGURE 15. Distribution of altitude in relation to longitude and latitude for Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (15a), and R. sociata Navás 1916 from France (15b), and Spain (15c).

FIGURE 9 in The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Western Europe: Confirmation of Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (stat. prom.) and Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916 (stat. res.), based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae)

FIGURE 9. Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916, paired abdominal hook plates of pupa, 9l and 9r, left and right hook plates, respectively. A: anterior hook plates, dorsal, P: posterior hook plates, dorsal; III–VII: abdominal segments III through VII respectively, dorsal.

FIGURES 62–65 in Two new Navicula species (Bacillariophyceae) from Western Europe

FIGURES 62–65. Navicula flandriae Van de Vijver & A.Mertens, sp. nov., SEM. Type population from Leopoldkanaal. 62. External view of an entire valve showing the raphe structure and the striae. 63. External detail of the apex with the typical hooked distal raphe ending. 64. External detail of the central area. Note the typical weakly deflected proximal raphe endings. 65. Internal detail of the central area showing the typical areola coverings, the proximal raphe endings and the laterally running raphe branches. Scale bar = 10 μm (Figs 62, 63), 5 μm (Figs 64, 65).

FIGURES 66–67 in Two new Navicula species (Bacillariophyceae) from Western Europe

FIGURES 66–67. Navicula neoschizonemoides Van de Vijver & A.Mertens, stat. nov. nom. nov. Illustrations from the slide made and annotated by Van Heurck of Navicula gracilis var. schizonemoides Van Heurck (slide number V-12-B7 in the Van Heurck collection). Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURES 37–40 in Two new Navicula species (Bacillariophyceae) from Western Europe

FIGURES 37–40. Navicula sanctamargaritae Beauger, sp. nov., SEM. Type population from Tennis spring. 37. External view of an entire valve showing the raphe structure and the striae. 38. Internal view of an entire valve. Note the rather low raphesternum. 39. External detail of the central area. Note the typical enlarged proximal raphe endings. 40. Internal detail of the central area showing the typical areola coverings, the proximal raphe endings and the almost central running raphe branches. Scale bar = 10 μm (Figs 37, 38), 5 μm (Figs 39, 40).

FIGURES 1–36 in Two new Navicula species (Bacillariophyceae) from Western Europe

FIGURES 1–36. Navicula sanctamargaritae Beauger, sp. nov., LM. Type population from Tennis spring. 1–24. Valves with more bluntly rounded ends. 25–36. Valves with acutely rounded apices from the same population. Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURES 41–61 in Two new Navicula species (Bacillariophyceae) from Western Europe

FIGURES 41–61. Navicula flandriae Van de Vijver & A.Mertens, sp. nov., LM. Type population from Leopoldkanaal. Scale bar = 10 μm.

Figure 15. Mniophila turcica. A in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 15. Mniophila turcica. A, habitus in dorsal view; B, habitus in lateral view; C, habitus in ventral view; D, median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view; E, median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view; F, median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view; G, detailed view of the aedeagus apex (up: ventral view; below: dorsal view); H, spermatheca; I, vaginal palpi; J, tignum.

Figure 14. Mniophila taurica. A in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 14. Mniophila taurica. A, habitus in dorsal view; B, habitus in lateral view; C, habitus in ventral view; D, median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view; E, median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view; F, median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view; G, detailed view of the aedeagus apex (up: ventral view; below: dorsal view); H, spermatheca; I, vaginal palpi; J, tignum.

Figure 12. Mniophila transcaucasica. A in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 12. Mniophila transcaucasica. A, holotype in dorsal view; B, holotype in lateral view; C, holotype in ventral view; D, voucher specimen assigned preliminarily as a possible M. transcaucasica in dorsal view; E, voucher specimen assigned preliminarily as a possible M. transcaucasica in lateral view; F, voucher specimen assigned preliminarily as a possible M. transcaucasica in ventral view; G, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype) in ventral view; H, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype) in lateral view; I, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype) in dorsal view; G, detailed view of the holotype aedeagus apex (up: ventral view; below: dorsal view); H, spermatheca of a voucher assigned preliminarily to M. transcaucasica; I, vaginal palpi of a voucher assigned preliminarily to M. transcaucasica; J, tignum of a voucher assigned preliminarily to M. transcaucasica.

Figure 11. Mniophila caucasica. A in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 11. Mniophila caucasica. A, holotype in dorsal view; B, holotype in lateral view; C, holotype in ventral view; D, voucher specimen assigned preliminarily as a possible M. caucasica in dorsal view; E, voucher specimen assigned preliminarily as a possible M. caucasica in lateral view; F, voucher specimen assigned preliminarily as a possible M. caucasica in ventral view; G, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype) in ventral view; H, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype) in lateral view; I, median lobe of aedeagus (holotype) in dorsal view; J, detailed view of the holotype aedeagus apex (up: ventral view; below: dorsal view); K, spermatheca of a voucher assigned preliminarily to M. caucasica; L, vaginal palpi of a voucher assigned preliminarily to M. caucasica; M, tignum of a voucher assigned preliminarily to M. caucasica.

Figure 13 in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 13. Comparison of the head morphology of different Mniophila species. A, M. muscorum; B, M. haveli; C, M. wroblewskii; D, M. bosnica; E, M. turcica; F, M. caucasica; G, M. transcaucasica; H, M. taurica.

Figure 4 in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 4. Results from the BioGeoBEARS ancestral range reconstruction mapping based on the phylogenetic tree inferred from the BEAST time-calibrated Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Above: historic biogeography scenario based on the DEC+j model; below: a map showing the delimitations of the distributional areas used in the analysis: W, Western Europe; E, Central Europe; I, Italy; B, Balkan; P, Pontus; C, Caucasus.

Figure 1 in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 1. Maps showing datapoints of sampling sites where voucher specimens for our study were collected. A, M. muscorum; B, M. wroblewskii; C, M. haveli (blue circles) and M. bosnica (yellow squares); D, M. turcica (orange squares), M. cf. caucasica (green circles) and M. cf. transcaucasica (purple diamond).

Figure 9. Mniophila muscorum. A in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 9. Mniophila muscorum. A, habitus in dorsal view; B, habitus in lateral view; C, habitus in ventral view; D, median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view; E, median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view; F, median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view; G, detailed view of the aedeagus apex (up: ventral view; below: dorsal view); H, spermatheca; I, vaginal palpi; J, tignum.

Figure 10. Mniophila wroblewskii. A in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 10. Mniophila wroblewskii. A, habitus in dorsal view; B, habitus in lateral view; C, habitus in ventral view; D, median lobe of aedeagus in

Figure 3 in From Europe to Caucasus: cryptic diversity and unexpected biogeographic history of a Western Palaearctic moss-inhabiting flea beetle (Chrysomelidae: Mniophila)

Figure 3. Timetrees estimating the diversification times of Mniophila resulting on Bayesian phylogenetic analyses performed in BEAST2. The trees were calibrated using two different estimates of the Alticini/Galerucini split based on Zhang et al. (2018). A, a timetree from the minitree dataset calibrated using the younger calibration point (60.05 Mya); B, a timetree from the minitree dataset calibrated using the older calibration point (67.5 Mya); C, a timetree from the smalltree dataset calibrated using the younger calibration point (60.05 Mya); D, a timetree from the smalltree dataset calibrated using the older calibration point (67.5 Mya); E, F, timetrees of Mniophila extracted from (C) and (D) with confidence intervals.