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opencc-by-nc-4.0Dec 2017View details →

Ultrasound scans of wind turbine bearings with white etching crack damage

A set of ultrasound images of wind turbine bearings with white etching crack subsurface damage. Attenuation levels above -10 dB indicate subsurface damage. Five tests were run under constant loading in a laboratory test rig, with two bearings in parallel. Tests were stopped at the indicated times (in hours) when vibration levels went above a certain threshold. This typically means that one of the two bearings has failed, although this is somewhat inconclusive for the fifth test where both bearings seem to be close to failure. For each bearing two sides were scanned (indicated by A and H). The experiment was performed in summer-autumn 2017 by DTU Wind Energy, as part of the FP7 Integrated Research Programme in the field of Wind Energy (IRPWIND), 2nd Round of Joint Experiments. For more information about this dataset please contact Dr Hilmar Danielsen at DTU Wind Energy.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2019View details →

CS2_ITD_ENG_5_Crankshaft bearing press-fit

To assemble some components together, one option is to press-fitting one part on the other. To ensure a good assembly, the right level of press-fit is required to be evaluated which is automatically done by these excel sheets. They have been used to evaluate the right level of press-fitting for bearings of piston engines (in aeronautical applications).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

The Politecnico di Torino rolling bearing test rig: description of the open-access data for vibration monitoring and diagnostics

Accelerometric measurements from the rolling bearing test rig of the Dynamic and Identification Research Group (DIRG), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino. Goals:    • Vibration Monitoring, Bearing Diagnostics, Damage detection, Damage localization, Damage classification, Damage assessment. Features:    • high-speed spindle driving a hollow shaft supported by a couple of identical roller bearings B1 and B3. B1 is the bearing under analysis and features various damages.    • two damage types (indentations on a roller and on the inner ring) and severities (0, 150, 250, 450 µm).    • a central, larger roller bearing (B2) is loaded through a sledge generating a controlled radial force measured by a load cell.    • lubrication is obtained by oil injection into the hollow shaft.    • a K-type thermocouple is used to monitor the temperature (manually recorded).    • two triaxial accelerometers are mounted on the supports of bearings B1 and B2. Dataset:    • stationary acquisitions at different speed & load combinations (speed: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 Hz; load: 0, 1000, 1400, 1800 N).    • endurance acquisitions of the bearing featuring the 450µm roller indentation. Monitoring of the damage evolution for about 230 hours under the same speed and load condition.   The extended description of the dataset can be found in the attached pdf "Description and analysis of open access data" or in: A.P. Daga, A. Fasana, S. Marchesiello, L. Garibaldi, The Politecnico di Torino rolling bearing test rig: Description and analysis of open access data, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 120 (2019) 252–273. doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.10.010.

Fig. 2 a in Upper Cretaceous Rudist-Bearing Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate And - Volcanoclastic Deposits From Strâmturii Valley, Borod Basin, Northern Apuseni Mountains: Description, Microfacies And Depositional Environments

Fig. 2 a Lithostratigraphic succession from Strâmturii Valley and Cioroi-Negru Brook, Cornițel village, Borod Basin (redrawn after MureȘan et al., 1974) showing the units (I, II, III, and IV) defined by Șuraru (1972) and MureȘan et al. (1974). b Detailed studied section near the top of the unit II. Legend: 1 tuffs and tuffites; 2 marls; 3 siltic marls; 4 sandy marls; 5 sandstones; 6 conglomerates; 7 limestones with charophytes; 8 hippuritid-bearing limestones; 9 "hippurites reefs"; 10 corals; 11 gastropods; 12 bivalves; 13 foraminifera; 14 rudists; 15 charophytes; 16 palynomorphs.

Fig. 7 a, b Bournonia excavata d in Upper Cretaceous Rudist-Bearing Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate And - Volcanoclastic Deposits From Strâmturii Valley, Borod Basin, Northern Apuseni Mountains: Description, Microfacies And Depositional Environments

Fig. 7 a, b Bournonia excavata d'Orbigny, 1847, (inventory no. 24078 BBU-MPS =no.1246 sample field); a transverse section through RV close to the commissure, showing the myocardinal elements: anterior and posterior tooth and myophores (am, pm) of the opposite valve; b view of flat posteroventral side of RV; c Gorjanovicia endrissi (Böhm)(24079 BBU-MPS) – transverse section of RV showing compact layer, concave ventral band (Vb); Ib- narrow and wide Pb with 3 fine rounded costae; d, e Praeradiolites subtoucasi (Toucas): d transverse section through RV (24080-BBU-MPS), unknown commissure. The outer shell layer from ventral side is eroded thus the radial bands are missing. e transverse section on other specimen (24081-BBUMPS) having outer shell layer partially broken but preserve the myocardinal apparatus. f, g Radiolites squamosus (d'Orbigny): f specimen with both valves showing convex LV, very eroded and the ornamentations of RV consist in dense growth lamellae (sample no. 24082 BBU-MPS); g ventral side of RV of the same specimen showing radial bands (Vb and Pb) with folds upward to commissure and the narrow interband (Ib). h-i Radiolites nouleti (Bayle)(sample no. 24083 BBU-MPS): h large conical RV, thick-shelled, with dense folded growth lamellae, slightly ondulated in large interband (Ib); i transverse section in RVof the same specimen, showing thick cellular outer shell layer, ligamental ridge and accessory cavities. j, k Sphaerulites boreaui (Toucas)(sample no. 24084 BBU-MPS), j specimen with both valves, top view, showing LV, thin and smaller than lower valve and large RV with expanded, sub-horizontal growth lamellae; k transverse section through RV, showing thickness of cellular

Fig. 4 a, b Microfacies from the first rudist-bearing lithosome. a-e, g in Upper Cretaceous Rudist-Bearing Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate And - Volcanoclastic Deposits From Strâmturii Valley, Borod Basin, Northern Apuseni Mountains: Description, Microfacies And Depositional Environments

Fig. 4 a, b Microfacies from the first rudist-bearing lithosome. a-e, g bioclastic-intraclastic floatstone/rudstone; bioclasts are poorly sorted with angular to subangular shapes. f bioclastic-extraclastic grainstone. h bioclastic-extraclastic packstone/wackestone.

Fig. 6 a, b in Upper Cretaceous Rudist-Bearing Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate And - Volcanoclastic Deposits From Strâmturii Valley, Borod Basin, Northern Apuseni Mountains: Description, Microfacies And Depositional Environments

Fig. 6 a, b Extraclastic sediments from the rudist-bearing lithosomes; they are represented by metamorphic lithoclasts (quartzite, crystalline schists), monomineral quartz, muscovite and biotite (crossed polars). c, d Tuffites with altered volcanic glass and various crystalloclasts, angular quartz, biotite and calcite (c- plane-polarized light; d - crossed polars).

Fig. 5 a, b Microfacies from the second rudist-bearing lithosome. a, c-e in Upper Cretaceous Rudist-Bearing Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate And - Volcanoclastic Deposits From Strâmturii Valley, Borod Basin, Northern Apuseni Mountains: Description, Microfacies And Depositional Environments

Fig. 5 a, b Microfacies from the second rudist-bearing lithosome. a, c-e Bioclastic-extraclastic floatstone; frequent bioclasts are represented by rudist fragments, echinoderm fragments and bivalves fragments; the rudist shells are fragment- ed and perforated (a, d). b Bioclastic-extraclastic rudstone/grainstones with rudist, echinoderm fragments and red algae fragments.

Fig. 8 a-g in Upper Cretaceous Rudist-Bearing Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate And - Volcanoclastic Deposits From Strâmturii Valley, Borod Basin, Northern Apuseni Mountains: Description, Microfacies And Depositional Environments

Fig. 8 a-g Hippuritella lapeirousei (Goldfuss)(nos. 24085, 24086, 24087, 24088-BBU-MPS). a Transverse section made close to the beak of right valve (RV), the outer shell layer is thick, reaching 3 mm. b RV showing the position of the pillars (P1 and P2) as shallow longitudinal furrows (24085 BBU-MPS). c thin and nearly flat LV very eroded showing remains of radial canals (24085 BBU-MPS). d ventral area of conical, slightly curved RV (24086 BBUMPS) showing the position of the pillars as two shallow longitudinal furrows; e transverse section of RV showing short and rounded pillars (P1 and P2) with the same size (24086 BBU-MPS). f, g transverse sections through specimens (nos. 24087, 24088 BBU-MPS) that have the first pillar (P1) slightly smaller than the second pillar (P2). Note the erosion of the outer shell layer in f) (24087 BBU-MPS). h-i Vaccinites gosaviensis (Douvillé)- transverse section made on two RVs (nos. 23503, 24089 BBU-MPS) showing truncated ligamental ridge (L) and characteristic shape of the pillars. j Vaccinites archiaci (Douvillé), transverse section on RV (no. 24090 BBU-MPS) showing triangular in base and lamelliform ligamental ridge (L), first pillar (P1) thick and shorter and slightly pinched P2. k Vaccinites sulcatus (Defrance) – transverse section on lower valve (no. 23504 BBU-MPS) in which ligamental ridge (L) is wide and short having the same length with first pillar (P1) and second pillar is slightly pinched at its base and curved anteriorly.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Fig. 1. Phylogenetic relationship among the Enterocytozoon bieneusi groups. The relationship between the E in New genotypes and molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in captive black bears in China

Fig. 1. Phylogenetic relationship among the Enterocytozoon bieneusi groups. The relationship between the E. bieneusi genotypes identified in this study and other known genotypes deposited in GenBank was inferred by neighbor-joining analysis of ITS sequences based on genetic distance using the Kimura-2-parameter model. The numbers on the branches represent percent bootstrapping values from 1000 replicates, with more than 50% shown in the tree. Each sequence is identified by its accession number, genotype designation, and host origin. Genotypes marked with black rhombuses and black triangles are novel and known genotypes identified in this study, respectively.

Text-fig. 6. Thin section of third lower incisor from a bear (Ursus deningeri), Propástka 1, layer 3. in Seasonality Of Use Of Za Hájovnou Cave By Bears And Lions

Text-fig. 6. Thin section of third lower incisor from a bear (Ursus deningeri), Propástka 1, layer 3.

Text-fig. 2. Thin section of canine from a bear (Ursus deningeri), Chodba naděje, layer 4, depth 140–200 cm. in Seasonality Of Use Of Za Hájovnou Cave By Bears And Lions

Text-fig. 2. Thin section of canine from a bear (Ursus deningeri), Chodba naděje, layer 4, depth 140–200 cm.

Text-fig. 2. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of bear bones from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Vykopaná chodba in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic). a – fragment of left mandibula with pathological condylar process; b – thoracic vertebra with pathological rib facet; c – Mc III dext. with exostoses; d – fragment of juvenile right ulna with bite marks; e – gnawed right tibia with bite marks on proximal part; f – gnawed left calcaneus with bite marks. in Basic Population And Taphonomic Analysis Of Bear Assemblages From Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, The Czech Republic): A Fossil Record From 1987-2007

Text-fig. 2. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of bear bones from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Vykopaná chodba in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic). a – fragment of left mandibula with pathological condylar process; b – thoracic vertebra with pathological rib facet; c – Mc III dext. with exostoses; d – fragment of juvenile right ulna with bite marks; e – gnawed right tibia with bite marks on proximal part; f – gnawed left calcaneus with bite marks.

Text-fig. 5. Distribution of age classes of deningeri bears from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic) based on wear stage of M2 dext. and m2 dext. (I–III: juveniles, IV–VII: prime adults, VIII–IX: senile adults; according to Stiner 1998). Juveniles distinctly outnumber adults. in Basic Population And Taphonomic Analysis Of Bear Assemblages From Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, The Czech Republic): A Fossil Record From 1987-2007

Text-fig. 5. Distribution of age classes of deningeri bears from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic) based on wear stage of M2 dext. and m2 dext. (I–III: juveniles, IV–VII: prime adults, VIII–IX: senile adults; according to Stiner 1998). Juveniles distinctly outnumber adults.

Text-fig. 4. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of bear bones from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Spojovací chodba – Narozeninová chodba in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic). a – Mc V sin. with a pathological phenomenon on the metapodial distal part (tuberosity/exostosis?); b – gnawed juvenile ulna; c – right tibia gnawed by a large rodent (porcupine?) with detail. in Basic Population And Taphonomic Analysis Of Bear Assemblages From Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, The Czech Republic): A Fossil Record From 1987-2007

Text-fig. 4. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of bear bones from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Spojovací chodba – Narozeninová chodba in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic). a – Mc V sin. with a pathological phenomenon on the metapodial distal part (tuberosity/exostosis?); b – gnawed juvenile ulna; c – right tibia gnawed by a large rodent (porcupine?) with detail.

Text-fig. 3. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of bear bones from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Chodba naděje in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic). a – gnawed lumbar vertebra with a bite mark on the body head; b – fragment of pelvis with a bite mark; c – femur head with a bite mark; d – Mc II dext. with a pathological phenomenon on the metapodial proximal part (tuberosity/exostosis?). in Basic Population And Taphonomic Analysis Of Bear Assemblages From Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, The Czech Republic): A Fossil Record From 1987-2007

Text-fig. 3. Taphonomic and pathological phenomena of bear bones from Middle Pleistocene deposits from Chodba naděje in Za Hájovnou Cave (Moravia, the Czech Republic). a – gnawed lumbar vertebra with a bite mark on the body head; b – fragment of pelvis with a bite mark; c – femur head with a bite mark; d – Mc II dext. with a pathological phenomenon on the metapodial proximal part (tuberosity/exostosis?).

Text-fig. 11. Geological map south of the Nel'ma Bay. 1 - granodiorite (Early Palaeogene); 2 – Eocene andesitic and dacitic tuff with plant-bearing argillitic lenses; 3 – Late Eocene to Early Miocene andesite-basalt (Kizi Volcanic Group); 4 – tuffogenous sedimentary plant-bearing lenses with plant fossils; 5 – Dacite neck (Early Oligocene) 1 km south of the Dembi Bay; 6 – Pliocene pebbles and conglomerates; 7 – Plateaubasalts (Sovgavan' Formation, Late Neogene–Quaternary); 8 – Quaternary alluvial deposits; 9 – localities with fossil plants: a – Sonje, b – Bui, c – Dembi. in Mid-Latitude Palaeogene Floras Of Eurasia Bound To Volcanic Settings And Palaeoclimatic Events - Experience Obtained From The Far East Of Russia (Sikhote-Alin') And Central Europe (Bohemian Massif)

Text-fig. 11. Geological map south of the Nel'ma Bay. 1 - granodiorite (Early Palaeogene); 2 – Eocene andesitic and dacitic tuff with plant-bearing argillitic lenses; 3 – Late Eocene to Early Miocene andesite-basalt (Kizi Volcanic Group); 4 – tuffogenous sedimentary plant-bearing lenses with plant fossils; 5 – Dacite neck (Early Oligocene) 1 km south of the Dembi Bay; 6 – Pliocene pebbles and conglomerates; 7 – Plateaubasalts (Sovgavan' Formation, Late Neogene–Quaternary); 8 – Quaternary alluvial deposits; 9 – localities with fossil plants: a – Sonje, b – Bui, c – Dembi.

Text-fig. 2. Main geological structures of the eastern slope of the Sikhote-Alin' ridge and main plant-bearing localities of the Cenozoic floras. I – Mesozoic folded basement; II – East Sikhote-Alin' Volcanic Belt (Late Cretaceous–Early Palaeocene); III – Near-Shore Basaltic Volcanic Belt (Eocene–Early Miocene); IV – Udyl Basin (Cenozoic); V – Late Neogene to Quaternary plateaubasalts; Va – Sovgavan plateau; Vb – Samarga plateau; Vc – Bikin plateau. 1 – Malo-Mikhaylovka; 2 – Siziman; 3 – Sjurkum; 4 – Botchi; 5 – Dembi; 6 – Bui; 7 – Sonje; 8 – Takhobe; 9 – Amgu; 10 – Velikaya Kema; 11 – Zerkal'naya (former Tadushi). in Mid-Latitude Palaeogene Floras Of Eurasia Bound To Volcanic Settings And Palaeoclimatic Events - Experience Obtained From The Far East Of Russia (Sikhote-Alin') And Central Europe (Bohemian Massif)

Text-fig. 2. Main geological structures of the eastern slope of the Sikhote-Alin' ridge and main plant-bearing localities of the Cenozoic floras. I – Mesozoic folded basement; II – East Sikhote-Alin' Volcanic Belt (Late Cretaceous–Early Palaeocene); III – Near-Shore Basaltic Volcanic Belt (Eocene–Early Miocene); IV – Udyl Basin (Cenozoic); V – Late Neogene to Quaternary plateaubasalts; Va – Sovgavan plateau; Vb – Samarga plateau; Vc – Bikin plateau. 1 – Malo-Mikhaylovka; 2 – Siziman; 3 – Sjurkum; 4 – Botchi; 5 – Dembi; 6 – Bui; 7 – Sonje; 8 – Takhobe; 9 – Amgu; 10 – Velikaya Kema; 11 – Zerkal'naya (former Tadushi).

Text-fig. 6. Geological plan of Malo-Mikhaylovka. 1 – andesito-dacite; 2 – coarse-grained tuff; 3 – argillitic tuffite; 4 – tuffitic sandstone; 5 – lignite, coal clay; 6 – lenses of tuffitic conglomerate; 7 – acidic tuff; 8 – dacite; 9 – andesito-basalt; 10 – basalt; 11 – sandstone; 12 – andesite; 13 – break; 14 – inclination/direction of beds; 15 – plant-bearing levels; 16 – talus. in Mid-Latitude Palaeogene Floras Of Eurasia Bound To Volcanic Settings And Palaeoclimatic Events - Experience Obtained From The Far East Of Russia (Sikhote-Alin') And Central Europe (Bohemian Massif)

Text-fig. 6. Geological plan of Malo-Mikhaylovka. 1 – andesito-dacite; 2 – coarse-grained tuff; 3 – argillitic tuffite; 4 – tuffitic sandstone; 5 – lignite, coal clay; 6 – lenses of tuffitic conglomerate; 7 – acidic tuff; 8 – dacite; 9 – andesito-basalt; 10 – basalt; 11 – sandstone; 12 – andesite; 13 – break; 14 – inclination/direction of beds; 15 – plant-bearing levels; 16 – talus.

Text-fig. 1. Geological section of the south-western coast in the Nakatova Bay, 28 km south of De Kastri village showing interbedding plant-bearing clays with tuffaceus argillites. 1 – tuff; 2 – tuffaceous argillate; 3 – sandy tuffite; 4 – interbed with lignitic fragments in bedded andesite; 5 – tuffitic conglomerate; 6 – basaltoid agglomerate; 7 – unconformity; 8 – plant-bearing level. in Mid-Latitude Palaeogene Floras Of Eurasia Bound To Volcanic Settings And Palaeoclimatic Events - Experience Obtained From The Far East Of Russia (Sikhote-Alin') And Central Europe (Bohemian Massif)

Text-fig. 1. Geological section of the south-western coast in the Nakatova Bay, 28 km south of De Kastri village showing interbedding plant-bearing clays with tuffaceus argillites. 1 – tuff; 2 – tuffaceous argillate; 3 – sandy tuffite; 4 – interbed with lignitic fragments in bedded andesite; 5 – tuffitic conglomerate; 6 – basaltoid agglomerate; 7 – unconformity; 8 – plant-bearing level.