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326 results for “biogeographical regionalization”
Parasite abundance-occupancy relationships across biogeographic regions: Joint effects of niche breadth, host availability, and climate
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Data from: Biogeographic patterns of soil microbial biomass in alpine ecosystems depend on local rather than regional drivers
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Data from: Evaluation of primer pairs for eDNA‐based assessment of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera across a biogeographically diverse region
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Differential speciation rates, colonization time, and niche conservatism affect community assembly across adjacent biogeographical regions
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Taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic beta diversity of upland forest birds in the Amazon: The relative importance of biogeographic regions, climate, and geographic distance
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FIGURE 1. Analogy between a in The need for standard protocols in bioregionalisation: Comments on "The spectre of biogeographical regionalization" by Morrone (2018)
FIGURE 1. Analogy between a systematic (A-C) and biogeographic analysis (C-E) from the data to knowledge levels. A: homology hypothesis grouping morpho-anatomical features. B: a character (mixed struture) grouping taxa bearing the features. C: a phylogeny: (result of the congruence analysis). C: a phylogeny standing for a biogeographic homology hypothesis about distributions of taxa. D. a biogeographic character grouping the areas of endemism (X, Y, Z) in which the taxa occur. E: an areagram. (figure modified after Grand, 2013).
FIGURE 4 in The unknown diversity of the genus Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) in the Chocó biogeographic region, Colombian Andes: Two new species supported by morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 4 Scale detail of C. tatama n. sp. IMCN 8924, Paratype, 36.3 mm LS, white arrows show the rounded point characteristic in the lateral line
FIGURE 2 in The unknown diversity of the genus Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) in the Chocó biogeographic region, Colombian Andes: Two new species supported by morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 2 Ultrametric tree using BEAST representing the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Characidium using COI sequences. Branch lengths were adjusted to a strict molecular clock. The black bars represent the UTOs obtained with the ABGD, GMYC and bPTP molecular delimitation methods and the majority consensus. Green dots posterior probability (>0.95)
FIGURE 1 in The unknown diversity of the genus Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) in the Chocó biogeographic region, Colombian Andes: Two new species supported by morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 1 Distribution map of the Characidium genus in the trans- Andean and cis-Andean regions of Colombia. Black triangle (HT)/yellow cicle, C. tatama n. sp.; red triangle (HT)/orange circle, C. dule n. sp.; red diamond, C. caucanum; red circle, C. phoxocephalum; white red mark (HT)/ purple circle, C. chancoense; white circle, C. cf. boavistae; blue diamond, C. cf. zebra; red-black star (HT)/grey circle, C. santcjohanni; HT, holotype
FIGURE 3 C. tatama n in The unknown diversity of the genus Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) in the Chocó biogeographic region, Colombian Andes: Two new species supported by morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 3 C. tatama n. sp., Holotype, IMCN 8925, 38.1 mm LS, Colombia, Chocó, San José Del Palmar. Scale bar = 1 cm
FIGURE 7 in The unknown diversity of the genus Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) in the Chocó biogeographic region, Colombian Andes: Two new species supported by morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 7 Detail of the composition of spots in C. dule n. sp. IMCN 8929, Paratype 38.24 mm LS, arrows show the detail. Scale bar = 1 cm
Evaluating the boundaries of marine biogeographic regions of the Southwestern Atlantic using halacarid mites (Halacaridae), meiobenthic organisms with a low dispersal potential
<p>Aim</p> <p>We evaluated traditional biogeographic boundaries of coastal marine regions in SW Atlantic using DNA sequence data from common, rocky-shore inhabiting, marine mites of the genera <i>Agauopsis</i> and <i>Rhombognathus,</i> family Halacaridae.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We investigated geographic population genetic structure using CO1 gene sequences, estimated divergence times using a multigene dataset and absolute time-calibrated molecular clock analyses, and performed environmental niche modeling (ENM) of common marine mite species.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><i>Agauopsis legionium</i> has a shallow history (2.01 Ma) with four geographically differentiated groups. Two of them corresponded to the traditional Amazonian and Northeastern ecoregions, but the boundary between the two other groups was inferred at the Abrolhos Plateau, not Cabo Frio. <i>Rhombognathus levigatoides </i>s. lat. was represented by two cryptic species that diverged 7.22 (multilocus data) or 10.01 Ma (CO1-only analyses), with their boundary, again at the Abrolhos Plateau. ENM showed that <i>A. legionium</i> has suitable habitats scattered along the coast, while the two <i>R. levigatoides </i>cryptic species differ considerably in their niches, especially in parameters related to upwelling. This indicates that genetic isolation associated with the Abrolhos Plateau occurred in both lineages, but for the <i>R. levigatoides </i>species complex, ecological niche specialization was also an important factor.</p> <p>Main conclusions</p> <p>Our study suggests that the major biogeographic boundary in the Southwestern Atlantic lies not at Cabo Frio but at the Abrolhos Plateau. There, two biogeographically relevant factors meet: (i) changes in current directions (which limit dispersal) and (ii) abrupt changes in environmental parameters associated with the South Atlantic Central Waters (SACW) upwelling (offering distinct ecological niches). We suggest that our result represents a general biogeographic pattern because a barrier at the Abrolhos Plateau was found previously for the fish genus <i>Macrodon </i>(phylogeographic data), prosobranch mollusks, ascidians, and reef fishes (community-level data).</p>
Data from: The world's biogeographical regions revisited: global patterns of endemism in Tipulidae (Diptera)
This paper explores the distributional data of 4,224 Tipulidae (Insecta: Diptera) species to search for endemism patterns in a worldwide scale and to test the extent to which the global patterns of endemism of the group fit into previously proposed regionalization schemes, particularly Wallace's system and recent revisions of it. Large scale areas of endemism are assessed using the grid-based method implemented in VNDM. VNDM depends on the prior definition of the grid size for analysis, but a criterion for choosing beforehand a particular grid size is not clear. The same holds for the choice of the level of similarity in species composition selected for the calculation of consensus areas. In our study, we developed a methodological approach that helped defining objective criteria for choosing suitable values for these critical variables. Large-scale areas of endemism around the globe are identified and ranked according to endemicity levels: 1—West Palaearctic, 2—Nearctic, 3—East Palaearctic-Oriental, 4—West North America, 5—Australia, 6—Neotropical, 7—Sub-Saharan Africa, 8—Palaearctic, and 9—Middle East. Our main conclusion is that there are still some limitations in applying biogeographical classifications proposed mostly on the basis of vertebrate distribution to other taxonomic groups, such as the Tipulidae. While there is a general congruence of the broad-scale areas of endemism of tipulids with previously proposed regionalization schemes, for some areas, the sharpness of boundaries between traditional regions is not so acute, due to a great level of overlap of part of its biotic elements.
Data from: Integrating fuzzy logic and statistics to improve reliabile definition of biogeographic regions and transition zones
The present study uses the amphibian species of the Mediterranean Region to develop a consistent procedure based on fuzzy sets with which biogeographic regions and biotic transition zones can be objectively detected and reliably mapped. Biogeographical regionalizations are abstractions of the geographical organization of life on Earth that provide frameworks for cataloguing species and ecosystems, for answering basic questions in biogeography, evolutionary biology and systematics, and for assessing priorities for conservation. On the other hand, limits between regions may form sharply defined boundaries along some parts of their borders, whereas elsewhere they may consist of broad transition zones. The fuzzy set approach provided a heuristic way to analyze the complexity of the biota within an area; significantly different regions were detected whose mutual limits were sometimes fuzzy, sometimes clearly crisp. Most of the regionalizations described in the literature for the Mediterranean Region present a certain degree of convergence when they are compared within the context of fuzzy interpretation, as many of the differences found between regionalizations are located in transition zones, according to our case study. Compared to other classification procedures based on fuzzy sets, the novelty of our method is that both fuzzy logic and statistics are used together in a synergy in order to avoid arbitrary decisions in the definition of biogeographic regions and transition zones.
FIGURES 51–56 in Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species
FIGURES 51–56. Wings of male Culicoides (Marksomyia) species. 51. C. marksi Lee & Reye. 52. C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga. 53. C. zentae Bellis & Dyce sp. nov. 54. C. kayi Bellis & Dyce sp. nov. 55. C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye. 56. C. dycei Lee & Reye.
FIGURES 45–50 in Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species
FIGURES 45–50. Male Culicoides (Marksomyia) species 45. C. marksi Lee & Reye, hypopygium, parameres and aedeagus.46. C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga, hypopygium, parameres and aedeagus.47. C. zentae Bellis & Dyce sp. nov., hypopygium, parameres and aedeagus.48. C. kayi Bellis & Dyce sp. nov., hypopygium, parameres and aedeagus.49. C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye, hypopygium, parameres and aedeagus.50. C. dycei Lee & Reye, hypopygium, parameres and aedeagus.
FIGURES 25–32 in Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species
FIGURES 25–32. Wings of female Culicoides (Marksomyia) species. 25. C. marksi Lee & Reye. 26. C. marksi Lee & Reye, rare aberrant wing pattern. 27. C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga. 28. C. zentae Bellis & Dyce sp. nov. 29. C. kayi Bellis & Dyce sp. nov. 30. C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye. 31.. C. dycei Lee & Reye 32. C. dycei Lee & Reye, rare aberrant wing pattern.
FIGURES 7–12 in Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species
FIGURES 7–12. Female Culicoides (Marksomyia) species. 7. C. marksi Lee & Reye, mandibular teeth and palp. 8. C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga, mandibular teeth and palp. 9. C. zentae Bellis & Dyce sp. nov., mandibular teeth and palp. 10. C. kayi Bellis & Dyce sp. nov., mandibular teeth and palp. 11. C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye, mandibular teeth and palp. 12. C. dycei Lee & Reye, mandibular teeth and palp.
FIGURES 39–44 in Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species
FIGURES 39–44. Antennae of male Culicoides (Marksomyia) species. Plume aristae are not shown although attachment bases are indicated where present. 39. C. marksi Lee & Reye. 40. C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga. 41. C. zentae Bellis & Dyce sp. nov. 42. C. kayi Bellis & Dyce sp. nov. 43. C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye. 44. C. dycei Lee & Reye.
FIGURES 19–24 in Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species
FIGURES 19–24. Female Culicoides (Marksomyia) species 19. C. marksi Lee & Reye, legs and tibial comb. 20. C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga, legs and tibial comb. 21. C. zentae Bellis & Dyce sp. nov., legs and tibial comb. 22. C. kayi Bellis & Dyce sp. nov., legs and tibial comb. 23. C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye, legs and tibial comb. 24. C. dycei Lee & Reye, legs and tibial comb.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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