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806 results for “cavities”
The conductivity profile of Earth-ionosphere cavity used in the paper "Finite-difference time-domain analysis of ELF radio wave propagation in the spherical Earth-ionosphere waveguide and its validation based on analytical solutions" by Volodymyr Marchenko, Andrzej Kulak, Janusz Mlynarczyk
<p>The file "Marchenko_FDTD_Paper_Conductivity_Profile.dat" contains the conductivity profile of Earth-ionosphere cavity. The first column provides the altitude (in km) and the second column provides the conductivity (in S/m).</p>
Data and simulation files for: "Optimization of diamond optomechanical crystal cavities"
<p>Data and simulation files for the article "Optimization of diamond optomechanical crystal cavities".</p>
The role of a synanthropic bird in the nest niche expansion of a secondary cavity-nester to man-made structures
<p><span>Species with similar ecological characters often compete with each other; however, a species may also facilitate the survival or reproduction of another ecologically similar species although such interaction is rarely documented in birds. Here we reported a facilitative species interaction between Asian house martins (<em>Delichon dasypus</em>) and russet sparrows (<em>Passer cinnamomeus</em>), both passerines using closed nests, in a montane farming area of Taiwan. We found that Asian house martins constructed dome-shaped nests in human houses that provided additional nest sites for russet sparrows, secondary cavity-nesters with greatly declining populations in Taiwan. Russet sparrows that used house martin nests had reproductive success comparable to those that used artificial nest boxes. However, Asian house martins avoided reclaiming sparrow-used nests, which reduced their available nest sites. Interestingly, our results imply that man-made structures may be used as a conservation tool to improve the breeding of the endangered russet sparrows via this facilitative interaction.</span></p>
Nest-boxes alter the reproductive ecology of urban cavity-nesters in a species-dependent way
<p><span>Human-provided nesting shelters such as nest-boxes mitigate the shortage of natural breeding sites. Since artificial nests are not where animals evolved and optimised their reproductive performance, it remains inconclusive if these are adequate substitutes, ensuring equivalent fitness returns while breeding. In particular, most knowledge on the ecology of cavity-nesting birds comes from nest-box populations, but no study has directly compared fitness consequences of breeding inside nest-boxes in relation to natural cavities in cities. We directly compare the reproductive performance, life-history trait variation and fitness consequences for two small passerines, blue and great tits, breeding in nest-boxes as opposed to natural cavities in an urban deciduous forest. We use a quasi-experimental setting to comprehend the conservation potential of these artificial cavities and to support/question generalisations stemming from nest-box studies. We show that the effects of cavity type vary between species: in blue tits, fitness proxies were negatively affected by nest-boxes (lower fledging success and fledgling numbers, longer time spent in the nest and later fledging date relative to natural cavities), while in great tits, the fitness proxies were unaffected by cavity type. Importantly, we detected accelerated incubation in both species breeding in nest-boxes. No differences in pre-hatching traits (lay date, clutch size, hatching rates) between cavity types suggest that the fitness deterioration occurred because of post-hatching effects. We highlight the ecological importance of old-growth tree stands, providing natural cavities for city-breeding animals and the need for quantifying alterations of reproductive ecology in other taxa using human-provided nests. Due to the detected cavity type-dependent variation in reproductive performance, we support the criticism regarding the unconditional extrapolation of evolutionary and ecological interpretations of nest-box studies to general populations.</span></p>
Spirals inside the millimeter cavity of transition disk SR 21
<p>This is a basic reproduction package for the paper 'Shadowing and multiple rings in the protoplanetary disk of HD 139614' by Muro-Arena et al (2022). It aims to provide the most important data products to check and reproduce the main results of the paper, listing all software used and data archives containing the public data used.</p> <p>It is available at arXiv: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020A%26A...636L...4M/abstract and has been published by Astronomy and Astrophysics at https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2020/04/aa37656-20/aa37656-20.html</p>
Data set for "Room-temperature electrical control of polarization and emission angle in a cavity-integrated 2D pulsed LED"
<p>Data set for the paper "Room-temperature electrical control of polarization and emission angle in a cavity-integrated 2D pulsed LED"</p>
Numerical Simulations on Unconventional Surface Charging within Deep Cavities in the Solar Wind Plasma.
<p>Numerical simulation data presented in Nakazono and Miyake (2022): Unconventional Surface Charging within Deep Cavities in the Solar Wind Plasma. The format of the dataset is described in the PDF document (2022JA_supporting_information.pdf).</p>
Data for: Microclimate shifts in nest-boxes and natural cavities throughout reproduction
<p>Animals breeding in nest-boxes experience nesting environments in which they did not originally evolve. Despite the central importance of nesting microclimate for offspring fitness, little is known about the thermal properties of human-provided nest sites compared to natural ones. In particular, comparisons with offspring in the nest are lacking. Here, we compare microclimate (temperature and absolute humidity) from the onset of breeding, thus starting with nest-site choice and ending with the post-fledging stage, quantified in natural cavities and nest-boxes used by several species of hollow-nesting birds in a temperate deciduous forest. We confirm that across all nesting stages, nest-boxes were thermally unstable when compared to natural cavities, with higher temperature maximums, larger amplitudes and worse insulation from maximum ambient temperatures relative to natural cavities. Surprisingly, as average humidity of natural cavities was previously shown to be higher than in nest-boxes, in the presence of actively thermoregulating young, nest-boxes were more humid than natural cavities. When offspring were in the nest, internal microclimatic shifts were mitigated three times more effectively in natural cavities than in nest-boxes (in terms of mean daily differences from ambient temperature). Artificial cavity microclimate is likely to amplify the adverse effects of projected temperature increases by compromising thermoregulation of developing animals. We stress that conservation efforts should focus on the protection of areas offering natural breeding-hollows to reduce the potential impacts of climate change on breeding animals.</p>
Datasets for "A superconducting dual-rail cavity qubit with erasure-detected logical measurements"
<p>Title of Dataset: Demonstrating a superconducting dual-rail cavity qubit with erasure-detected logical measurements<br>---</p> <p>Included are data shown in Figures 1-4 of the main text and Extended Data Figures 2 and 3 in the Methods.<br>Data was collected by running quantum programs on hardware deployed at Quantum Circuits, Inc. The results of these experiments are decoded and assigned an appropriate label (discussed below and in the manuscript). We provide various levels of processing: number of counts, fraction of counts, and the logical assignment. Full labeled shot-by-shot outcomes can be provided upon request.</p> <p>## Description of the data and file structure</p> <p>Description of column labels<br>- xs: sweep variable (if applicable)<br>- Counts:<br> - 00_counts, 01_counts, 10_counts, 11_counts: Number of runs with outcome labeled "00", "01", "10", "11", respectively<br> - A_counts: Number of runs with outcome labeled as ambiguous outcome<br> - FSP_counts: Number of runs with outcome labeled as a failed state preparation<br> - all_shots: Total number of runs<br> - total_counts: Number of runs with a successful state preparation (e.g. all_shots - B_counts)<br>- Outcome fraction<br> - 00, 01, 10, 11, A, FSP: Fraction of counts normalized by total_counts<br> - 00_err, 01_err, 10_err, 11_err, A_err, FSP_err: Standard error for all above<br>- Logical outcomes<br> - 0L, 1L, erasures, Z_L: Computed logical dual-rail outcome for "0_L", "1_L", erasures, and expectation value of logical sigma_z <Z>, respectively<br> - 0L_err, 1L_err, erasures_err, Z_L_err: Standard error for all above</p> <p>State assignment datasets:<br>- Fig2_state_assignment_1msmts.csv: Data for Figure 2<br>- ExtendedDataFig2_state_assignment_2msmts.csv: Data for Extended Data Figure 2</p> <p>Bit-flip datasets: <br>- Each row corresponds to a different delay specified in the xs column in units of microseconds<br>- Counts and Outcome fraction are plotted in Figure 3A<br>- Logical outcomes are plotted in Figure 3B<br>- Detail on datasets:<br> - Fig3_bit_flip_0L_1ms.csv: Data for Figure 3, left panel<br> - Fig3_bit_flip_0L_20us.csv: Data for Figure 3, left panel inset<br> - Fig3_bit_flip_1L_1ms.csv: Data for Figure 3, right panel<br> - Fig3_bit_flip_1L_20us.csv: Data for Figure 3, right panel inset</p> <p>Phase error datasets: <br>- Each row corresponds to a different delay specified in the xs column in units of microseconds<br>- Counts and Outcome fraction are plotted in the top panels for Figure 4A and 4B<br>- Logical outcomes are plotted in the bottom panel for Figure 4A and 4B<br>- Short time data are shown in the inset of bottom panel for Figure 4A and 4B. <br>- We provide additional detail for the short time data in Extended Data Figure 3 for short-time Ramsey<br>- Detail on ramsey_short_time.csv: Data includes an additional dimension where the Ramsey phase angle is swept<br> - values in radians are enumerated in ExtendedDataFig3_ramsey_short_time_phases.csv<br>- Detail on datasets:<br> - Fig4_ramsey_long_time.csv: Data for Figure 4A<br> - ExtendedDataFig3_ramsey_short_time.csv, ExtendedDataFig3_ramsey_short_time_phases.csv: Data for Figure 4A, inset (bottom panel); Data for Extended Data Figure 3<br> - Fig4_echo_long_time.csv: Data for Figure 4B<br> - Fig4_echo_short_time.csv: Data for Figure 4B, inset (bottom panel)</p>
Grounding line remote operated vehicle (GROV) exploration of the ice shelf cavity of Petermann Glacier, Greenland
<p>The melting of ice by ocean waters along the periphery of ice sheets is a major physical process driving their evolution in a warming climate. Using the fiber-optic-tethered Grounding line Remote Operated Vehicle (GROV), we explored the ice shelf cavity of Petermann Glacier, in Northwestern Greenland, in May 2023, using a novel interferometric multibeam sonar operating at 117 KHz with 360° viewing capability. The seafloor depth is uniform at 820 m and 200 m deeper than anticipated. At the ice shelf base, we find a succession of terraces interrupted by 20-40 m ice cliffs that have no signature at the surface, but are consistent with double-diffusive convection. The central melt channel deviates by ± 80 m from flotation, is smoother than indicated by the surface, and reveals asymmetric melt. The results demonstrate the fundamental importance of surveying the geometry of ice shelf cavities to document ice-ocean interaction.</p>
Data from: Osmia3DNest – novel designed 3D printed artificial nest for solitary cavity-nesting bees
<p>The availability and appropriateness of nesting sites significantly influence the reproductive success and overall welfare of wild bees. Human-induced factors contribute to the destruction of natural nesting habitats. To address these limitations, innovative solutions such as the development of artificial nests, as indicated in recent studies, offer alternative nest sites to support wild bee populations. We designed the Osmia3DNest, a 3D printed standardized nest tube for solitary cavity-nesting bees, aiming to provide a safety for the environment life-long, time-saving, and biodegradable product that anyone can print. We proudly present the two Osmia3DNest models for mason bees – closed and open – using PLA filament. We demonstrate the effectiveness of Osmia3DNest on mason bee reproduction parameters compared with traditional reed nests. Osmia3DNest can be an alternative to the other artificial nests, which people can customize for their necessity depending on their place of living (rural or urban area), and they can also be washed and reused several times and then decomposed. Osmia3DNest holds potential for wildlife biologists, management of pollinators, and educational outreach, offering adaptability for different bee species and experimental needs.</p>
No evidence of adaptive tolerance of parasitism in a cavity-nesting brood parasite host
<p>Acceptance of avian brood parasitism by hosts is one of the most enigmatic aspects of brood parasite-host coevolution. The most common explanation for acceptance of parasitism by hosts of the brown-headed cowbird (<em>Molothrus ater</em>) is evolutionary lag, which suggests that hosts have not had enough time to evolve defenses against parasitism. Alternatively, acceptance may be the optimal strategy when the costs of rejecting parasitism exceed the benefits. The lack of nest site hypothesis applies to secondary cavity-nesting birds that cannot excavate their own nests and predicts that hosts accept parasitism instead of deserting a parasitized nest when there are no vacant nest sites available in which to renest. I tested this hypothesis using the prothonotary warbler (<em>Pronotaria citrea</em>), a commonly parasitized, cavity-nesting cowbird host. I used a paired nest box design and predicted that if hosts accept parasitism because of a lack of alternative nest sites, they should desert parasitized nests and renest in the vacant nest box on their territory. I recorded 37 cases where a nest was parasitized and warblers only deserted 2 parasitized nest boxes for a vacant nest box. Both desertions were attributable to factors other than parasitism and the rate of desertion did not differ from controls that only had a single nest box. Moreover, seven of the warblers initiated clutches in nest boxes that already contained cowbird egg despite having vacant nest boxes available on their territories. These results indicate that warblers do not accept parasitism because of tolerance, but likely due to evolutionary lag.</p>
Fig. 4 in Towards incorporating insect isotope analysis using cavity ring-down spectroscopy into area-wide insect pest management programs
Fig. 4. Decision tree to select an option for using isotopes in an operational program.
Raw Experimental Data for work presented in 'Precise Localization of Multiple Noncooperative Objects in a Disordered Cavity by Wave Front Shaping'
<p>This is the raw experimental data for the work presented in 'Precise Localization of Multiple Noncooperative Objects in a Disordered Cavity by Wave Front Shaping', to be published in Physical Review Letters.</p> <p> </p> <p>https://journals.aps.org/prl/accepted/b307fY31A5a13c5579fc4252303f8b2e5e024fc00</p> <p> </p> <p>See the README file for an explanation of the data.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Gating residues govern ligand-unbinding kinetics from the buried cavity in HIF2a PAS-B
<p>Representative Pathways for each pathway class for HIF-2a PAS-B unbinding. Trajectories are with water.</p>
CO emission line spectra of the detected IRAM 30m CO-CAVITY galaxies.
<p>Figures show the observed spectra of the CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) emission lines of the CO-CAVITY galaxies.</p>
The Structure of the Cusp Diamagnetic Cavity and Test Particle Energization in the GAMERA Global MHD Simulation
<p>CHIMP test particle simulation data. The data set is described in the supporting information from the publication "The Structure of the Cusp Diamagnetic Cavity and Test Particle Energization in the GAMERA Global MHD Simulation"</p>
Preliminary assessment of cavity-nesting Hymenopterans in a low-intensity agricultural landscape in Transylvania
<p>In this study our aim was to assess several traits of cavity-nesting Hymenopteran taxa in a low-intensity agricultural landscape in Transylvania. The study took place between May and August 2018 at eight study sites in the hilly-mountainous central part of Romania, where the majority of the landscape is used for extensive farming or forestry. During the processing of the trap-nest material, we recorded several traits regarding the nests of different cavity-nesting Hymenopteran taxa and the spider prey found inside the nests of the spider-hunting representatives of these taxa. We also evaluated the relationship between the edge density and proportion of low-intensity agricultural areas surrounding the study sites and some of these traits.</p> <p>The majority of nests were built by the solitary wasp genus Trypoxylon, followed by the solitary wasp taxa Dipogon and Eumeninae. Solitary bees were much less common, with Hylaeus being the most abundant genus. In the nests of Trypoxylon, we mostly found spider prey from the family of Araneidae, followed by specimens from the families of Linyphiidae and Theridiidae. In the nests of Dipogon, we predominantly encountered spider prey from the family of Thomisidae. We found significant effects of low-intensity agricultural areas for the genera of Auplopus, Megachile, Osmia and the Thomisid prey of Dipogon. We also found that the spider prey of Trypoxylon was significantly more diverse at study sites with higher proportions of low-intensity agricultural areas.</p> <p>Our results indicate that solitary bees seem to be more abundant in areas, where the influence of human activities is stronger, while solitary wasps seem to rather avoid these areas. Therefore, we suggest that future studies not only should put more effort into sampling in low-intensity agricultural landscapes, but also focus more on solitary wasp taxa, when sampling such an area.</p>
Ultrafast electric control of cavity mediated single-photon and photon-pair generation with semiconductor quantum dots
<p>Dataset of the publication "Ultrafast electric control of cavity mediated single-photon and photon-pair generation with semiconductor quantum dots" (10.1103/PhysRevB.104.085308)</p>
Text-fig. 4. Rib fragment inserted in the nasal cavity of canid skull fragment (10). in Consumption Of Canid Meat At The Gravettian Předmostí Site, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 4. Rib fragment inserted in the nasal cavity of canid skull fragment (10).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.