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542 results for “endophytes”
FIGURE 3 in Cladosporium omanense, a new endophytic species from Zygophyllum coccineum in Oman
FIGURE 3. Structure and surface ornamentation of Cladosporium omanense under scanning electron microscope. a. Conidial chains b–c. Conidiogenous cells d. Truncate base of ramoconidia. E. Conidium. Scale bars: a = 10 μm b–e = 5 μm.
FIGURE 2 in Cladosporium omanense, a new endophytic species from Zygophyllum coccineum in Oman
FIGURE 2. Micromorphological characters of the Cladosporium omanense (SQUCC 13165). a. Micronematous conidiophores and conidial chains with terminal and intercalary conidiogenous cells. b. Macronematous conidiophores and conidial chains. c. Branched micronematous conidiophores and conidial chains with geniculate conidiophores, ramoconidai, secondary ramoconidia, intercalary conidia and small terminal conidia. d. Branched micronematous conidiophore with geniculate intercalary conidiogenous cell. e. Longitudinal layouts ornamentation of conidiophore and conidial chain. f. Wider hyphae g. Narrow hyphae enveloped in polysaccharide-like material. Scale bars: a–b, d, f = 25 μm, g = 10 μm. Scale bar of b applies to b–c. Scale bar of d applies to d–e.
FIGURE 3. Simplicillium coffeanum COAD 2057. A in Simplicillium coffeanum, a new endophytic species from Brazilian coffee plants, emitting antimicrobial volatiles
FIGURE 3. Simplicillium coffeanum COAD 2057. A, Host plant; B, colony; C, Colony reverse; D–F, Hypha, phialides and conidia. Scale bars = 10 μm
FIGURE 1 in Simplicillium coffeanum, a new endophytic species from Brazilian coffee plants, emitting antimicrobial volatiles
FIGURE 1. Bayesian Inference tree showing the phylogenetic relationship between Simplicillium coffeanum and closely taxa based on partial 28S rDNA sequences. The posterior probability values are indicated at the nodes. The isolates from this study are highlighted in bold. The tree is rooted with Ceratocystis moniliformis. Asterisks indicate the type strains.
FIGURE 2 in Simplicillium coffeanum, a new endophytic species from Brazilian coffee plants, emitting antimicrobial volatiles
FIGURE 2. Bayesian Inference tree of Simplicillium and closely Cordycipitaceae using ITS-5.8S sequences of rDNA. The posterior probability values are indicated at the nodes. The Simplicillium isolates from this study are highlighted in bold. The tree is rooted with Pochonia chlamydosporia. Asterisks indicate the type strains.
FIGURE 1 in Spissiomyces endophytica (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota), a new endophytic fungus from Thailand
FIGURE 1. Phylogram derived from maximum likelihood analysis of a combined SSU, LSU, ITS, RPB2 and TUB sequences of 39 sequences. Gloniopsis praelonga and Hysterobrevium smilacis were used as the outgroup. The numbers above branches represent maximum likelihood bootstrap percentages (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right). Only bootstrap values ≥ 50 % are shown, and the scale bar represents ten substitutions per nucleotide position. The sequence obtained from this study is in bold.
FIGURE 2. Spissiomyces endophytica SDBR-CMU319. A–D in Spissiomyces endophytica (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota), a new endophytic fungus from Thailand
FIGURE 2. Spissiomyces endophytica SDBR-CMU319. A–D. Colonies on different agar media A. Potato dextrose agar. B. Malt extract agar. C. Cornmeal agar. D. Oatmeal agar. E. Hyphae and swollen cells (arrows). F. Hypal brancing and lateral germination. G. Conidiogenous cells (arrows) and conidia. Scale bars: A−D = 10 mm; E and G = 25 μm; F = 5 μm.
Table 1 in The grass root endophytic fungus Flavomyces fulophazii: An abundant source of tetramic acid and chlorinated azaphilone derivatives
<p><b>Table 1</b> Details of Flavomyces fulophazii isolates included in this study.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Isolate No. in this study</th><th>Other strain/isolate/culture names</th><th>Collection area</th><th>Collection date</th><th>Host plant</th><th>ITS GenBank accession No.</th><th>Publication</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>HF-1</th><td>flavo_01</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438310</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-2</th><td>flavo_04</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438311</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-3</th><td>flavo_05</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438312</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-4</th><td>flavo_06</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438313</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-5</th><td>flavo_08</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438314</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-6</th><td>flavo_09</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438315</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-7</th><td>flavo_11</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438316</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-8</th><td>flavo_13</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>April 2014</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>MW438317</td><td>This study</td></tr><tr><th>HF-9</th><td>DSE8/143 = CBS 135664</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>July 2005</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>KP184000 a</td><td>Knapp et al. (2015)</td></tr><tr><th>HF-10</th><td>DSE8/S = CBS 135761 (T)</td><td>Fül¨oph´aza, Hungary</td><td>July 2012</td><td><i>Festuca vaginata</i></td><td>KP184001 b</td><td>Knapp et al. (2015)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-1</th><td>MF03</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537657</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-2</th><td>MF04</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537658</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-3</th><td>MF05</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537659</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-4</th><td>MF06</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537660</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-5</th><td>MF07</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537661</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-6</th><td>MF08</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537662</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr><tr><th>MF-7</th><td>MF09 = DSE8309</td><td>Nalaikh, Mongolia</td><td>October 2016</td><td><i>Stipa krylovii</i></td><td>MN537663 c</td><td>Knapp et al. (2019)</td></tr></tbody></table><p><sup>a</sup> Sequences of further DNA loci of this strain are available: LSU (partial 28S large subunit of the nrRNA gene): KP184039; SSU (partial 18S small subunit of the nrRNA gene): KP184081; ACT (partial actin gene): KP184116; CAL (partial calmodulin gene): KP184159.</p><p><sup>b</sup> Sequences of further DNA loci of this strain are available: LSU: KP184040; SSU: KP184082; ACT: KP184118; CAL: KP184158.</p><p><sup>c</sup> Sequences of further DNA loci of this strain are available: LSU: MN515261; TEF (translation elongation factor 1-α): MN535259. (T): ex-type culture.</p>
Data from: Mutualism effectiveness and vertical transmission of symbiotic fungal endophytes in response to host genetic background
Certain species of the Pooideae subfamily develop stress tolerance and herbivory resistance through symbiosis with vertically-transmitted, asexual fungi. This symbiosis is specific, and genetic factors modulate compatibility between partners. Although gene flow is clearly a fitness trait in allogamous grasses, since it injects hybrid vigor and raw material for evolution, it could reduce compatibility and thus, mutualism effectiveness. To explore the importance of host genetic background in modulating the performance of symbiosis, Lolium multiflorum plants, infected and non-infected with Neotyphodium occultans, were crossed with genetically distant plants of isolines (susceptible and resistant to diclofop-methyl herbicide) bred from two cultivars, and exposed to stress. The endophyte improved seedling survival in genotypes susceptible to herbicide, while it had a negative effect on one of the genetically resistant crosses. Mutualism provided resistance to herbivory independently of the host genotype, but this effect vanished under stress. While no endophyte effect was observed on host reproductive success, it was increased by inter-population plant crosses. Neither gene flow nor herbicide had an important impact on endophyte transmission. Host fitness improvements due to gene flow do not appear to result in direct conflict with mutualism while this seems to be an important mechanism for the ecological and contemporary evolution of the symbiotum.
Data from: Tissue storage and primer selection influence pyrosequencing-based inferences of diversity and community composition of endolichenic and endophytic fungi
Next-generation sequencing technologies have provided unprecedented insights into fungal diversity and ecology. However, intrinsic biases and insufficient quality control in next-generation methods can lead to difficult-to-detect errors in estimating fungal community richness, distributions, and composition. The aim of this study was to examine how tissue storage prior to DNA extraction, primer design, and various quality-control approaches commonly used in 454 amplicon pyrosequencing might influence ecological inferences in studies of endophytic and endolichenic fungi. We first contrast 454 data sets generated contemporaneously from subsets of the same plant and lichen tissues that were stored in CTAB buffer, dried in silica gel, or freshly frozen prior to DNA extraction. We show that storage in silica gel markedly limits the recovery of sequence data and yields a small fraction of the diversity observed by the other two methods. Using lichen mycobiont sequences as internal positive controls, we next show that despite careful filtering of raw reads and utilization of current best-practice OTU clustering methods, homopolymer errors in sequences representing rare taxa artificially increased estimates of richness ca. 15-fold in a model data set. Third, we show that inferences regarding endolichenic diversity can be improved by using a novel primer that reduces amplification of the mycobiont. Together, our results provide a rationale for selecting tissue treatment regimes prior to DNA extraction, demonstrate the efficacy of reducing mycobiont amplification in studies of the fungal microbiomes of lichen thalli, and highlight the difficulties in differentiating true information about fungal biodiversity from methodological artifacts.
FIGURE 5 in Poculum pseudosydowianum, sp. nov. (Rutstroemiaceae, Ascomycota) from Japan and its endophytic occurrence
FIGURE 5. Cultural characters of Poculum pseudosydowianum (FC-2813, Culture of TNS-F-40071). A: Colony on PDA (20°C, 1 mo.). B: Colony on PDA (20°C, 3 mo.). C: Spermatia produced in 3 mo.' PDA. D: Spermatia and spermatiophores. E: Spermatia produced in germinated ascospores. Bars C–E 20μm.
FIGURE 1. A in Poculum pseudosydowianum, sp. nov. (Rutstroemiaceae, Ascomycota) from Japan and its endophytic occurrence
FIGURE 1. A Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of Poculum sydowianum and P. pseudosydowianum inferred from ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences incorporating all the sequences from Japanese and European materials, alignment adjusted to the shorter outgroup sequence (ALN_A), analyzed by MEGA 5.2. Bootstrap values (BP) of 1000 replications> 80 in NJ analysis are indicated on the nodes. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated, and there were a total of 440 positions in the final dataset.
FIGURE 4 in Poculum pseudosydowianum, sp. nov. (Rutstroemiaceae, Ascomycota) from Japan and its endophytic occurrence
FIGURE 4. Camera lucida illustration of Poculum pseudosydowianum (TNS-F-40039). A: Asci. B: Reaction of ascal apex to MLZ. C: Paraphyses. D: Vertical section of an apothecium through the margin showing the ectal excipulum. E: Ascospores, the bottom shows the germinated ascospores. F: Vertical section of ectal excipulum. Bars A–E 10 μm; F 20 μm
FIGURE 3 in Poculum pseudosydowianum, sp. nov. (Rutstroemiaceae, Ascomycota) from Japan and its endophytic occurrence
FIGURE 3. Poculum pseudosydowianum (TNS-F-40039). A: Fresh apothecia on Quercus crispula petioles. B: Close up of rind in substrate. C: Vertical section of ectal excipulum. D: Close up of ectal excipulum at the margin. E: Brown striation in receptacle. F: Close up of brown striation formed by pigmented hyphae. G: Asci. H: Reaction of ascal apex to MLZ. I: Paraphyses. J. Croziers in the base of asci. K. Hyaline ascospores. L. Germinating ascospores. Bars B, E 1mm; C 100 μm; D, F–L 20 μm.
FIGURE 2. A in Poculum pseudosydowianum, sp. nov. (Rutstroemiaceae, Ascomycota) from Japan and its endophytic occurrence
FIGURE 2. A Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of Poculum sydowianum and P. pseudosydowianum inferred from ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences incorporating all the sequences from Japanese and European materials, alignment excluding the shorter outgroup sequence (ALN_B), analyzed by MEGA 5.2. Bootstrap values (BP) of 1000 replications> 80 in NJ analysis are indicated on the nodes. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated, and there were a total of 826 positions in the final dataset.
FIGURE 3. Cladophialophora bromeliacearum URM 8085 in Cladophialophora bromeliacearum (Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales), a novel endophytic species from the Brazilian tropical dry forest
FIGURE 3. Cladophialophora bromeliacearum URM 8085 (ex-type living culture). a. Colony on PDA in the top and MEA after 30 days at 27 °C. b–c. Conidiophores and conidiogenous cells. d–e. Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. f. Details of a conidiogenous cell and conidia. g. Chlamydospore. Scale bars: 10 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Cladophialophora bromeliacearum (Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales), a novel endophytic species from the Brazilian tropical dry forest
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood (ML) trees obtained using an independent matrix of ITS and LSU rDNA sequences of Cladophialophora species. The new species is in bold face. ML bootstrap (ML-BS) values from 70% are shown near nodes. The tree was rooted to Phialophora reptans CBS 113.85. The bar represents expected number of substitutions per site. The superscripts T, ET, and LT indicate ex-type, ex-epitype and ex-lectotype strains, respectively.
FIGURE 1 in Cladophialophora bromeliacearum (Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales), a novel endophytic species from the Brazilian tropical dry forest
FIGURE 1. Bayesian inference (BI) tree obtained using a combined matrix of ITS and LSU rDNA sequences of Cladophialophora species. The new species is in bold face. BI posterior probability (BPP) and ML bootstrap (ML-BS) from 0.95 and 70%, respectively, are shown near nodes. The tree was rooted to Phialophora reptans CBS 113.85. The bar represents expected number of substitutions per site. The superscripts T, ET, and LT indicate ex-type, ex-epitype and ex-lectotype strains, respectively.
FIGURE 1 in First record of Mikrosyphar zosterae (Chordariaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the southern hemisphere and as an endophyte in the brown algal genera Leathesia and Colpomenia
FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis for rbcL-rbcS spacer DNA sequences of Mikrosyphar zosterae and related taxa. Bootstrap values higher than 75 are shown at the nodes. Samples generated in this study are in bold. Codes following sequence names refer to GenBank accession numbers.
FIGURE 2 in First record of Mikrosyphar zosterae (Chordariaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the southern hemisphere and as an endophyte in the brown algal genera Leathesia and Colpomenia
FIGURE 2. Neighbor joining (NJ) analysis for COI-5P DNA sequences of Leathesia marina, Colpomenia claytoniae and Colpomenia sinuosa and related taxa. Bootstrap values higher than 75 are shown at the nodes. Codes following sequence names refer to GenBank accession numbers. *sequences originally referred to as Leathesia difformis Areschoug in GenBank.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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