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201 results for “fish conservation”
Data from: Terrestrial-focused protected areas are effective for conservation of freshwater fish diversity in Lake Tanganyika
Freshwater protected areas are rarely designed specifically for this purpose and consequently their conservation benefit cannot be guaranteed. Using Lake Tanganyika as a test case we investigated the benefits of terrestrial-focussed protected areas on the alpha and beta taxonomic and functional diversity of the diverse endemic rocky-shore cichlid fishes. Lake Tanganyika has limited protected shorelines and continued human population growth in its catchment, which has potential for negative impacts on habitat quality and key biological processes. We conducted 554 underwater surveys across a gradient of human disturbance including two protected areas, along 180 km of Tanzanian coastline, sampling 70 cichlid species representing a diverse range of life-histories and trophic groups. Alpha diversity was up to 50% lower outside of protected areas, and herbivores appeared most affected. Turnover dominated within-locality variation in beta diversity, but the nestedness component was positively related to human disturbance indicating an increase in generalist species outside of protected areas. Within protected areas the decline in zeta diversity (the expected number of shared species across multiple surveys) was best described by power law functions, which occur when local abundance is predicted by regional abundance; but declined exponentially in unprotected waters indicating a dominance of stochastic assembly. Despite not being designed for the purpose, the protected areas are clearly benefitting cichlid taxonomic and functional diversity within Lake Tanganyika, probably through local reduction in sediment deposition and/or pollution, but as cichlids can be poor dispersers protected area coverage should be expanded to benefit isolated communities.
Data from: Assessing species boundaries using multilocus species delimitation in a morphologically conserved group of Neotropical freshwater fishes, the Poecilia sphenops species complex (Poeciliidae)
Accurately delimiting species is fundamentally important for understanding species diversity and distributions and devising effective strategies to conserve biodiversity. However, species delimitation is problematic in many taxa, including 'non-adaptive radiations' containing morphologically cryptic lineages. Fortunately, coalescent-based species delimitation methods hold promise for objectively estimating species limits in such radiations, using multilocus genetic data. Using coalescent-based approaches, we delimit species and infer evolutionary relationships in a morphologically conserved group of Central American freshwater fishes, the Poecilia sphenops species complex. Phylogenetic analyses of multiple genetic markers (sequences of two mitochondrial DNA genes and five nuclear loci) from 10/15 species and genetic lineages recognized in the group support the P. sphenops species complex as monophyletic with respect to outgroups, with eight mitochondrial 'major-lineages' diverged by ≥2% pairwise genetic distances. From general mixed Yule-coalescent models, we discovered (conservatively) 10 species within our concatenated mitochondrial DNA dataset, 9 of which were strongly supported by subsequent multilocus Bayesian species delimitation and species tree analyses. Results suggested species-level diversity is underestimated or overestimated by at least ~15% in different lineages in the complex. Nonparametric statistics and coalescent simulations indicate genealogical discordance among our gene tree results has mainly derived from interspecific hybridization in the nuclear genome. However, mitochondrial DNA show little evidence for introgression, and our species delimitation results appear robust to effects of this process. Overall, our findings support the utility of combining multiple lines of genetic evidence and broad phylogeographical sampling to discover and validate species using coalescent-based methods. Our study also highlights the importance of testing for hybridization versus incomplete lineage sorting, which aids inference of not only species limits but also evolutionary processes influencing genetic diversity.
Data from: Biodiversity inventories and conservation of the marine fishes of Bootless Bay, Papua New Guinea
BACKGROUND: The effective management and conservation of biodiversity is predicated on clearly defined conservation targets. Species number is frequently used as a metric for conservation prioritization and monitoring changes in ecosystem health. We conducted a series of synoptic surveys focusing on the fishes of the Bootless Bay region of Papua New Guinea to generate a checklist of fishes of the region. Bootless Bay lies directly south of Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea, and experiences the highest human population density of any marine area in the country. Our checklist will set a baseline against which future environmental changes can be tracked RESULTS: We generated a checklist of 488 fish species in 72 families found in Bootless Bay during a two-week sampling effort. Using incident-based methods of species estimation, we extrapolate there to be approximately 940 fish species in Bootless Bay, one of the lowest reported numbers in Papua New Guinea. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the Bootless Bay ecosystem of Papua New Guinea, while diverse in absolute terms, has lower fish biodiversity compared to other shallow marine areas within the country. These differences in faunal diversity, are most likely a combination of unequal sampling effort as well as biophysical factors within Bootless Bay compounded by historical and/or contemporary anthropogenic disturbances.
FIGURE 9 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 9. Selected examples of symbiotic associations between reef fishes recorded at the Laje de Santos Marine State Park. The barber goby Elacatinus figaro cleans the head of the jubauna reeffish Chromis jubauna hovering close to the goby's cleaning station (a); the same cleaner species inspects the back of the nocturnal squirrelfish Holocentrus adscensionis that approached its cleaning station (b); juvenile spotfin hogfish Bodianus pulchellus cleans the mouth of the spotted moray Gymnothorax moringa (c); adult of the same hogfish species cleans the head of the jubauna reeffish (d); the wrasse Halichoeres sp. n. follows a group of the white trevally Pseudocaranx dentex, which stir sediment clouds while feeding on the sandy bottom (e); the dusky grouper Mycteroperca marginata closely follows the goldspotted snake eel Myrichthys ocellatus that nudges its head in rocky crevices (f); the spotfin hogfish follows the flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans moving close to the bottom (g); two diskfish Remora remora attached near the mouth of the Atlantic manta Manta birostris (h).Photos: M. Andrade (h); A. Carvalho Filho (e-f); J. P. Krajewski (a); O.J. Luiz Jr. (c-d, g); A. de Luca Jr. (b).
FIGURE 8 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 8. Cluster analysis of habitat types at the Laje de Santos Marine State Park based on the similarity of species composition. The relative distribution of trophic categories in each habitat is shown in the graphs. CAR = Carnivore; MIF = Mobile Invertebrate Feeder; OMN = Omnivore; PIS = Piscivore; PLK = Planktivore; ROVH = Roving Herbivore; SIF = Sessile Invertebrate Feeder; TERH = Territorial Herbivore.
FIGURE 10 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 10. Targeted and endangered top-predators recorded at the Laje de Santos Marine State Park. The dusky groupers Mycteroperca marginata are very common in the area, but attain unusual large size and are largely unafraid of divers, contrarily to what happens at other unprotected sites (a); the goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara (b) and the cubera snapper Lutjanus cyanopterus (c). Several individuals of these two latter species have been seen at in the Laje de Santos in the last two years, after a period of more than ten years over which they remained unrecorded at the site. Photos: A. Carvalho-Filho (c); L. Cheidde (b); A. Valente (a).
FIGURE 3 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 3. Some abundant fish species at the Laje de Santos Marine State Park. The tomtate grunt Haemulon aurolineatum (a); adult and juvenile sergeant major Abudefduf saxatilis (b); the brown chromis Chromis multilineata (c); juvenile dusky damselfish Stegastes fuscus (d); intermediate individual of the jubauna reeffish Chromis jubauna (e); the silver porgy Diplodus argenteus (f); juvenile porkfish Anisotremus virginicus (g); the ringneck blenny Parablennius pilicornis (h). Photos: O.J. Luiz Jr, except (e) by L.F. Cassino.
FIGURE 6 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 6. Selected fish species that dwell in the deep reef (30-45 m) community at the Laje de Santos State Marine Park. The deep-reef wrasse Halichoeres sp.n. (a); the reeffish Chromis cf. enchrysura (b); the red porgy Pagrus pagrus (c); the Brazilian sandperch Pinguipes brasilianus (d); the sea basses Acanthistius brasilianus (e), A. patachonicus (f) and Dules auriga (g); the snowy grouper Hyporthodus niveatus (h). The former species (a) is probably a Brazilian endemic, closely related to the Northwestern Atlantic species H. bathyphilus. The distinctive status from its sister species is supported by molecular mtDNA analysis (L.A. Rocha pers. comm.).The last six species (c-h) ranges southward to temperate Patagonian rocky reefs. Photos: A. Carvalho-Filho (e-g); O.J. Luiz Jr. (a-d, h).
FIGURE 4 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 4. Relative proportions of geographic distribution types of the species observed at the Laje de Santos Marine State Park. Br = Brazilian Province; CE = Central Atlantic; CT = Circumtropical. EA = Eastern Atlantic; SCa = Southern Caribbean; SE = Southeastern Brazil; TA = Trans-Atlantic; WA = Western Atlantic.
FIGURE 5 in The reef fish assemblage of the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, Southwestern Atlantic: annotated checklist with comments on abundance, distribution, trophic structure, symbiotic associations, and conservation
FIGURE 5. Selected Brazilian endemic reef fish species that occur at the Laje de Santos Marine State Park. The barber goby Elacatinus figaro (a); the Brazilian yellowcheek wrasse Halichoeres dimidiatus, initial phase (b); the Brazilian wrasse Halichoeres brasiliensis, intermediate phase (c); the Noronha wrasse Thalassoma noronhanum, terminal male (d); the tuiupiranga parrotfish Sparisoma tuiupiranga, initial phase (e); Zelinda's parrotfish Scarus zelindae, initial phase (f); the reef parrotfish Sparisoma amplum, initial phase (g); the gray parrotfish Sparisoma axillare, terminal male (h). Photos: O.J. Luiz Jr, except (d) by I. Cavas.
Fig. 1 in Fig. 2 in Fishing for Tigers: A Method for Collecting Tiger Beetle Larvae Holds Useful Applications for Biology and Conservation
Fig. 1. Degree of dimorphism for all body and leg traits. Trait means ranged from 0.1– 39.6% larger in males than females. Results for tests of significance of difference in trait size are found in Table 1.
Fig. 2 in Fig. 2 in Fishing for Tigers: A Method for Collecting Tiger Beetle Larvae Holds Useful Applications for Biology and Conservation
Fig. 2. Frequency distribution of canonical discriminant scores for male and female Laccophilus maculosus. Female mean 5 0.315, male mean 5 20.587.
FIGURE 10 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 10. Continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 5; (A) Eucinostomus currani (Gerreidae), Nagualpa, Pacífico de Nicaragua (PN), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 9, 2018; (B) Eugerres plumieri (Gerreidae), Pejibaye, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 19, 2014; (C) Rhonciscus crocro (Haemulidae), río Kama, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by José A. López, August 10, 2019; (D); Micropogonias furnieri (Sciaenidae), Laguna de Perlas, KurinwasLaguna las Perlas (KP), photo by Alejandro Estrada, February 12, 2018; (E) Chaetodipterus faber (Ephippidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 23, 2014; (F) Lobotes surinamensis (Lobotidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (G) Sphoeroides annulatus (Tetraodontidae), Rancho Santana, Pacífico de Nicaragua, photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, May 2, 2004.
FIGURE 8 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 8. Continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 3; (A) Centropomus pectinatus (Centropomidae), Pejibaye, Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 23, 2014; (B) Polydactylus virginicus (Polynemidae), Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April-May 2013; (C) Citharichthys spilopterus (Paralichthyidae), Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April-May 2013; (D) Trinectes paulistanus (Achiridae), Pejibaye, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 12, 2014; (E) Trinectes fonsecensis (Achiridae), Nagualpa, Pacífico de Nicaragua (PN), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 9, 2018; (F) Caranx latus (Carangidae), Pejibaye, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 20, 2014; (G) Oligoplites palometa (Carangidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (I) Amatitlania siquia (Cichlidae), Chontales, Lago de Nicaragua (LN), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, August 1, 2012; (J) Amphilophus labiatus (Cichlidae), Isletas de Granadas, Lago de Nicaragua (LN), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 20, 2014; (K) Cribroheros longimanus (Cichlidae), Isletas de Granadas, Lago de Nicaragua (LN), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, February 15, 2013; (L) Hypsophrys nicaraguensis (Cichlidae), Laguna Blanca, Lago de Nicaragua (LN), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, August 1, 2012.
FIGURE 9 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 9. Continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 4; (A) Parachromis managuensis (Cichlidae), Tributary of the Sarapiquí River (Sa), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 11, 2018; (B) Vieja maculicauda (Cichlidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Luis Fernando López, April 13, 2020; (C) Atherinella hubbsi (Atherinopsidae), Tributary of the Sarapiquí River (Sa), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 11, 2018; (D) Cynodonichthys isthmensis (Rivulidae), UCR 00475-001, La Gateada, Econdido River (Es), collected on April 19, 1970; (E) Alfaro cultratus (Poeciliidae), Tributary of the Sarapiquí River (Sa), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 11, 2018; (F) Belonesox belizanus (Poeciliidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (G) Brachyrhaphis holdridgei (Poeciliidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 8, 2014; (H) Priapichthys annectens (Poeciliidae), Tributary of the Sarapiquí River (Sa), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 11, 2018; (I) Anableps dowii (Anablepidae), Golfo de Fonseca, Pacífico de Nicaragua (PN), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November 16, 2019; (J) Tylosurus crocodilus (Belonidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (K) Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Hemiramphidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (L) Dajaus monticola (Mugilidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 5, 2014; (M) Joturus pichardi (Mugilidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 5, 2014; (N) Gobiesox cephalus (Gobiesocidae), Tributary of the Escondido River (Es), photo by Alex Gallardo, June 11, 2019; (O) Lutjanus argentiventris (Lutjanidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 23, 2014.
FIGURE 7 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 7. Continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 2; (A) Astyanax bransfordii (Characidae), San Juan River (SJ), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 12, 2018; (B) Astyanax nicaraguensis (Characidae), Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April-May 2013; (C) Eretmobrycon scleroparius (Characidae), San Juan River (SJ), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 12, 2018; (D) Gymnotus maculosus (Gymnotidae), Tributary of the Sarapiquí River (Sa), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 11, 2018; (E) Hypostomus cf. niceforoi (Loricariidae), Río Frío (RF), photo by Jose Carlos Carrasco, September 8, 2021; (F) Rhamdia guatemalensis (Heptapteridae), Puerto Príncipe, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 28, 2014; (G) Bagre filamentosus (Ariidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (H) Batrachoides surinamensis (Batrachoididae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 24, 2014; (I) Microphis lineatus (Syngnathidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 6, 2014; (J) Eleotris perniger (Eleotridae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 6, 2014; (K) Gobiomorus dormitor (Eleotridae), Pejibaye, Blue FieldsPunta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 19, 2014; (L) Hemieleotris latifasciata (Eleotridae), San Juan del Sur, Nicoya (Ni), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 8, 2018; (M) Awaous banana (Gobiidae), Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 5, 2014; (N-O) Synbranchus marmoratus (Synbranchidae), Tributary of the Sarapiquí River (Sa), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 11, 2018.
FIGURE 6 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 6. Continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 1; (A) Carcharhinus leucas (Carcharhinidae), Lake Nicaragua (LN), photo by Agustín Llanes, May 6, 2020; (B) Pristis pristis (Pristidae), San Juan River (SJ), photo by MARENA, November 17, 2022; (C) Hypanus americanus (Dasyatidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, NovemberDecember 2013; (D) Styracura schmardae (Potamotrygonidae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, April 16, 2014; (E) Atractosteus tropicus (Lepisosteidae), Lake Nicaragua (LN), photo by Elías Salas, March 4, 2014; (F) Megalops atlanticus (Megalopidae), Laguna Las Perlas, Kurinwas-Laguna las Perlas (KP), photo by Bruce Williams, June 8, 2017; (G) Anguilla rostrata (Anguillidae), UCR 00448-006, Lamyala, Laguna Las Perlas, Kurinwas-Laguna las Perlas (KP), collected on May 16, 1992; (H) Anchoa panamensis (Engraulidae), UCR 0482-004, San Juan del Sur, Nicoya (Ni), collected on June 8, 1970; (I) Anchovia clupeoides (Engraulidae), UCR 0363-006, Laguna Las Perlas, Kurinwas-Laguna las Perlas (KP), collected on April 2, 1969; (J) Odontognathus compressus (Pristigasteridae), Punta Gorda, Blue Fields-Punta Gorda (BF), photo by Eric P. van den Berghe, November-December 2013; (K) Dorosoma chavesi (Dorosomatidae), UCR 0536- 00, Lake Nicaragua (LN), collected on November 23, 1971; (L) Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae), Lake Nicaragua (LN), photo by MARENA/El19Digital, November 8, 2016; (M) Brycon costaricensis (Bryconidae), San Juan River (SJ), photo by Arturo Angulo, November 12, 2018.
FIGURE 5 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 5. Families of continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 4; Gerreidae (A), Haemulidae (B), Sciaenidae (C), Lobotidae (D), Ephippidae (E) and Tetraodontidae (F). Illustrations adapted (with permission) from Nelson et al. (2016) and Angulo et al. (2021).
FIGURE 3 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 3. Families of continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 2; Bryconidae (A), Characidae (B), Gymnotidae (C), Loricariidae (D), Heptapteridae (E), Ariidae (F), Batrachoididae (G), Syngnathidae (H), Eleotridae (I), Gobiidae (J), Synbranchidae (K), Centropomidae (L), Polynemidae (M) and Paralichthyidae (N). Illustrations adapted (with permission) from Nelson et al. (2016) and Angulo et al. (2021).
FIGURE 2 in Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families
FIGURE 2. Families of continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 1; Carcharhinidae (A), Pristidae (B), Dasyatidae (C), Potamotrygonidae (D), Lepisosteidae (E), Elopidae (F), Megalopidae (G), Ophichthidae (H), Anguillidae (I), Engraulidae (J), Pristigasteridae (K), Dorosomatidae (L) and Cyprinidae (M). Illustrations adapted (with permission) from Nelson et al. (2016) and Angulo et al. (2021).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.