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FIGURE 27. Phelipanche cernua. A–B. General habit. C–F in Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems

FIGURE 27. Phelipanche cernua. A–B. General habit. C–F. Inflorescences. Photos by Renata Piwowarczyk.

FIGURE 49 in Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems

FIGURE 49. Orobanche grossheimii lectotype. South Ossetia, Ermani, right bank of Lower-Ermani gorge, subalpine meadow, 1 August 1946, I. Abramov (LE s.n).

FIGURE 25. Phelipanche portoilicitana. A in Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems

FIGURE 25. Phelipanche portoilicitana. A. Parasite attached to the root of host-Centaurea behen. B–F. Inflorescences. Photos by Renata Piwowarczyk.

FIGURE 5. Cistanche armena near Khor Virap. A–C, E–F. Inflorescences. D in Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems

FIGURE 5. Cistanche armena near Khor Virap. A–C, E–F. Inflorescences. D. General habit with host-Salsola dendroides. Photos by Renata Piwowarczyk.

opennotspecifiedNov 2017View details →

FIGURE 1 in Host and geographic range extensions of Melanconiella, with a new species M. cornuta in China

FIGURE 1. Phylogram of Melanconiella based on combined ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1-α genes. MP and ML bootstrap support values above 75 % are shown at the first and second position. Thickened branches represent posterior probabilities above 0.95 from BI. Scale bar = 30 nucleotide substitutions. Ex-type strains are in bold. Strains in current study are in blue.

opennotspecifiedNov 2017View details →

FIGURE 2 in Host and geographic range extensions of Melanconiella, with a new species M. cornuta in China

FIGURE 2. Morphology of Melanconiella cornuta from Cornus controversa (BJFC-S1375). A, B: Habit of conidiomata on twig. C: Transverse section of conidioma. D: Longitudinal section through conidioma. E: Conidiogenous cells. F, G: Conidia. Scale bars: A=1 cm; B–D = 300 μm; E–G = 10 μm.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Table 3 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Table 3. Measurement characteristics of the Pseudempleurosoma haywardi from the original description and current study. All measurements are given in micrometres (µm).<table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>Theisen et al. (2017)</th><th>Theisen et al. (2017)</th><th>Present study</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Fish host</th><td>Nibea soldado (Sciaenidae)</td><td>Otolithes ruber (Sciaenidae)</td><td>Sillago aeolus (Sillaginidae)</td></tr><tr><th>Site of infection</th><td>oesophagus/proximal stomach</td><td>oesophagus/proximal stomach</td><td>stomach</td></tr><tr><th>Study area</th><td>Pacific: off South Central Java, Indonesia</td><td>Pacific: off South Central Java, Indonesia</td><td>upper Gulf of Thailand</td></tr><tr><th>Bodya</th><td>588–1295 (971) × 181–361 (289)</td><td>582–937 (757) × 161–305 (230)</td><td>1000–2112 (1468) × 221–362 (294)</td></tr><tr><th>Opisthaptora</th><td>53–84 (66) × 101–142 (116)</td><td>58–88 (71) × 87–137 (119)</td><td>80–103 (91) × 139–167 (147)</td></tr><tr><th>Pharynxa</th><td>40–67 (52) × 40–63 (48)</td><td>44–64 (53) × 42–55 (47)</td><td>58–79 (73) × 54–88 (75)</td></tr><tr><th>Ovarya</th><td>44–101 (77) × 32–74 (55)</td><td>40–64 (52) × 28–62 (39)</td><td>60–99 (86) × 56–71 (61)</td></tr><tr><th>Testisa</th><td>39–95 (76) × 26–57 (41)</td><td>45–68 (56) × 29–47 (34)</td><td>58–100 (73) × 34–57 (40)</td></tr><tr><th>Dorsal anchorb</th><td>59–61 (60)</td><td>58–64 (61)</td><td>57–68 (61)</td></tr><tr><th>Dorsal bara</th><td>12–21(19) × 12–17 (15)</td><td>19–20 (20) × 12–17 (15)</td><td>17–22 (19) × 10–21 (14)</td></tr><tr><th>Ventral anchorb</th><td>14–16 (15)</td><td>14–18 (16)</td><td>15–17 (16)</td></tr><tr><th>Attached ventral barb</th><td>8–18 (11)</td><td>10–16 (13)</td><td>14–18 (16)</td></tr><tr><th>Detached ventral barb</th><td>17–21 (19)</td><td>13–20 (17)</td><td>20–22 (21)</td></tr><tr><th>Marginal hooksb</th><td>13–16 (15)</td><td>13–16 (15)</td><td>11–18 (14)</td></tr><tr><th>Male copulatory organ (MCO)b</th><td>29–51 (42)</td><td>33–52 (45)</td><td>53–57 (55)</td></tr><tr><th>Accessory piece of MCOb</th><td>14–23 (20)</td><td>5–19 (17)</td><td>20–23 (22)</td></tr><tr><th>Muscular genital atriuma</th><td>21–39 (29) × 20–31 (25)</td><td>20–26 (22) × 17–24 (20)</td><td>34–41 (37) × 30–32 (31)</td></tr><tr><th>Egga</th><td>56–72 (67) × 39–59 (50)</td><td>49–78 (68) × 33–59 (50)</td><td>57–97 (71) × 51–84 (64)</td></tr><tr><th>Egg’s filament</th><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td></tr></tbody></table>ashown as length × widthbshown as length

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Table 2 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Table 2. Sequence data of 28S rRNA region of current monogeneans and their related monogeneans acquired from the NCBI database. Taxa with asterisks (*) denote their categorisation in the family Ancyrocephalidae according to the NCBI database.<table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Accession number</th><th>Reference</th></tr><tr><th>Family Dactylogyridae</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Actinocleidus recurvatus *</th><td>AJ969951</td><td>&Scaron;imková et al. (2006)</td></tr><tr><th>Anacanthorus lepyrophallus</th><td>MH843718</td><td>Moreira et al. (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Bravohollisia tecta *</th><td>KJ571012</td><td>Sun et al. (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Cichlidogyrus arthracanthus *</th><td>HQ010022</td><td>Mendlová et al. (2010)</td></tr><tr><th>Dactylogyrus bicornis</th><td>KY629345</td><td>&Scaron;imková et al. (2017)</td></tr><tr><th>Dactylogyrus extensus</th><td>AJ969944</td><td>Mendlová et al. (2010)</td></tr><tr><th>Demidospermus mortenthaleri</th><td>KP056245</td><td>Mendoza-Palmero et al. (2015)</td></tr><tr><th>Diaphorocleidus magnus *</th><td>MZ408903</td><td>Zago et al. (2021)</td></tr><tr><th>Diaphorocleidus neotropicalis *</th><td>MZ408906</td><td>Zago et al. (2021)</td></tr><tr><th>Enterogyrus coronatus *</th><td>HQ010030</td><td>Mendlová et al. (2010)</td></tr><tr><th>Enterogyrus malmbergi *</th><td>MN152976</td><td>Zhang (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Euryhaliotrema pirulum *</th><td>AY820618</td><td>Plaisance et al. (2005)</td></tr><tr><th>Haliotrematoides guttata *</th><td>HQ615993</td><td>Soler-Jimenez et al. (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Haliotrematoides spinatus *</th><td>HQ615995</td><td>Soler-Jimenez et al. (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Heteropriapulus simplex</th><td>MF116372</td><td>Acosta et al. (2017)</td></tr><tr><th>Ligophorus imitans *</th><td>JN996813</td><td>Blasco-Costa et al. (2012)</td></tr><tr><th>Ligophorus vanbenedenii *</th><td>JN996801</td><td>Blasco-Costa et al. (2012)</td></tr><tr><th>Metahaliotrema subancistroides *</th><td>EU836210</td><td>Sun & Yang (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Mexicana rubra</th><td>KY553147</td><td>Camargo (2017)</td></tr><tr><th>Nanayella fluctuatrium</th><td>MG001327</td><td>Acosta et al. (2018)</td></tr><tr><th>Onchocleidus similis *</th><td>AJ969938</td><td>&Scaron;imková et al. (2006)</td></tr><tr><th>Paradiplectanotrema klimpeli</th><td>MG763101</td><td>Theisen et al. (2018)</td></tr><tr><th>Protogyrodactylus hainanensis</th><td>DQ157653</td><td>Wu et al. (2006)</td></tr><tr><th>Pseudempleurosoma haywardi</th><td>MF115715</td><td>Theisen et al. (2017)</td></tr><tr><th>Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (MN28-1)</th><td>ON969400</td><td>Present study</td></tr><tr><th>Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (MN28-3)</th><td>ON969401</td><td>Present study</td></tr><tr><th>Sciadicleithrum bravohollisae</th><td>KY305879</td><td>Wu et al. (2006)</td></tr><tr><th>Sciadicleithrum meekii</th><td>KY305889</td><td>Mendoza-Palmero et al. (2017)</td></tr><tr><th>Scutogyrus longicornis *</th><td>HQ010035</td><td>Mendlová et al. (2010)</td></tr><tr><th>Tetrancistrum indicum *</th><td>MN179335</td><td>Al-Jufaili (unpublished)</td></tr><tr><th>Urocleidoides digitabulum</th><td>MT556796</td><td>Zago et al. (2020)</td></tr><tr><th>Vancleaveus janauacaensis</th><td>KP056247</td><td>Mendoza-Palmero et al. (2015)</td></tr><tr><th>Family Diplectanidae (outgroup)</th></tr><tr><th>Dolicirroplectanum lacustre</th><td>MK937579</td><td>Kmentová et al. (2020)</td></tr><tr><th>Paradiplectanum sillagonum</th><td>AY553626</td><td>Wu et al. (2005)</td></tr><tr><th>Pseudorhabdosynochus grouperi</th><td>AY553628</td><td>Wu et al. (2005)</td></tr></tbody></table>

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Data from: The wheat curl mite Aceria tosichella (Acari: Eriophyoidea) is a complex of cryptic lineages with divergent host ranges: evidence from molecular and plant bioassay data

Aceria tosichella (the wheat curl mite, WCM) is a global pest of wheat and other cereals, causing losses by direct damage, as well as the transmission of plant viruses. The mite is considered to have an unusually wide host range for an eriophyoid species. The present study tested the commonly held assumption that WCM is a single, highly polyphagous species by assessing the host range of genetically distinct lineages of WCM occurring in Poland on different host plants. Genotyping was performed by analyzing nucleotide sequence data from fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the nuclear D2 region of 28S rDNA. Mean between-lineage distance estimated using COI data was found to be one order of magnitude greater than the within-clade lineage and, in some cases, comparable to distances between WCM lineages and a congeneric outgroup species. Host acceptance was tested by quantifying population growth for different WCM mitochondrial (mt)DNA lineages when transferred from source host plants to test plants. These experiments revealed significant differences in host colonization ability between mtDNA lineages, ranging from highly polyphagous to more host-specific. The present study reveals that WCM is composed of several discrete genetic lineages with divergent host-acceptance and specificity traits. Genetic variation for host acceptance within A. tosichella s.l. may act as a reproductive barrier between these lineages, most of which had narrow host ranges. Two lineages appear to have high pest potential on cereals, whereas several others appear to specialize on wild grass species. We conclude that WCM is not a homogeneous species comprising polyphagous panmictic populations rather it is a complex of genetically distinct lineages with variable host ranges and therefore variable pest potential.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

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Data from: Getting there and around: host range oscillations during colonisation of the Canary Islands by the parasitic nematode Spauligodon

Episodes of expansion and isolation in geographic range over space and time, during which parasites have the opportunity to expand their host range, are linked to the development of host-parasite mosaic assemblages and parasite diversification. In this study we investigated whether island colonisation events lead to host range oscillations in a taxon of host-specific parasitic nematodes of the genus Spauligodon in the Canary Islands. We further investigated if range oscillations also resulted in shifts in host breadth (i.e. specialization), as expected for parasites on islands. Parasite phylogeny and divergence time estimates were inferred from molecular data with Bayesian methods. Host divergence times were set as calibration priors after a priori evaluation with a global-fit method of which individual host-parasite associations likely represent cospeciation links. Parasite colonisation history was reconstructed, followed by an estimation of oscillation events and specificity level. The results indicate the presence of four Spauligodon clades in the Canary Islands, which originated from at least three different colonisation events. We found evidence of host range oscillations to truly novel hosts, which in one case led to higher diversification. Contemporary host-parasite associations show strong host specificity, suggesting that changes in host breadth were limited to the shift period. Lineages with more frequent and wider taxonomic host range oscillations prior to the initial colonisation event showed wider range oscillations during colonisation and diversification within the archipelago. Our results suggest that a lineage's evolutionary past may be the best indicator of a parasite's potential for future range expansions.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

opennotspecifiedJul 2013View details →

Figure 1 in Potential host range of myrmecophilous Arhopala butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) feeding on Macaranga myrmecophytes

Figure 1. Mean (± SD) forewing length (mm) of male (left) and female (right) adults of Arhopala amphimuta reared from the second-instar larval stage in the laboratory on apical leaves of four Macaranga species: M. winkleri (win), M. trachyphylla (tra), M. beccariana (bec) and M. rufescens (ruf). The numbers of butterflies per Macaranga species are shown in parentheses below the plant name.

Figure 5 in The host-plant range of twig-girdling beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) of the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil

Figure 5. (A) Distribution of frequencies (%) of host-plant species girdled by Psyllotoxus griseocinctus from 2002 to 2006 in Serra do Japi. Asterisks indicate significant differences of the frequencies between girdled and available plant species (Bonferroni 95% confidence interval). (B) The preference for host plants was evaluated using the Manly's index. Values to the right of the dotted line indicate a preference for host plants; values to the left of the line indicate a preference for the alternate host.

Figure 2 in The host-plant range of twig-girdling beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) of the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil

Figure 2. Host specificity of Onciderini beetles based on the percentage of girdled plant species from all taxa. (n = 35 native plant species). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (Tukey-type multiple comparison test for the analysis of proportions, p <0.05)

Figure 1 in The host-plant range of twig-girdling beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) of the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil

Figure 1. Distribution of frequencies (%) of native host-plant families used by Onciderini beetles from 2002 to 2006 along trails in Serra do Japi (see text for statistics).

Figure 3 in The host-plant range of twig-girdling beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) of the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil

Figure 3. Percentage of host-plant families girdled by Onciderini beetles according to their degree of feeding specialization (n = 1436) (see text for statistics).

Figure 4 in The host-plant range of twig-girdling beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) of the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil

Figure 4. Distribution of frequencies of both host-plant families (A) and species (C) girdled by Oncideres dejeani from 2002 to 2006 in Serra do Japi. Asterisks indicate significant differences of the frequencies between girdled and available plant species (Bonferroni 95% confidence interval). The preference for host-plant families (B) and species (D) was evaluated using the Manly's index. Values to the right of the dotted line indicate a preference for host plants; values to the left indicate a preference for an alternative host.

Figure 6 in The host-plant range of twig-girdling beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) of the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil

Figure 6. (A) Distribution of frequencies (%) of host-plant species girdled by Oncideres saga from 2002 to 2006 in Serra do Japi. Asterisks indicate significant differences of the frequencies between girdled and available plant species (Bonferroni 95% confidence interval). (B) The preference for host plants was evaluated using the Manly's index. Values to the right of the dotted line indicate a preference for host plants; values to the left of the line indicate a preference for the alternate host.

opennotspecifiedDec 2010View details →

FIG. 3 in The barnacles of Astreopora (Cirripedia, Pyrgomatini/ Scleractinia, Acroporidae): organization plans, host speci®city, species-richness and geographic range

FIG. 3. Hiroa stubbingsi Ross and Newman, 1973 from Astreopora myriophthalma Lamarck, 1816 from Sulawesi, Indonesia (RMNH C 2276): (A) labrum and outlines of mandibular palps; (B) mandibular palp; (C) mandible; (D) maxilla I; (E) maxilla II. Scale bar= 0.1 mm.

opennotspecifiedDec 2010View details →

FIG. 1 in The barnacles of Astreopora (Cirripedia, Pyrgomatini/ Scleractinia, Acroporidae): organization plans, host speci®city, species-richness and geographic range

FIG. 1. Distribution of Astreopora (shaded, after Veron 1986, 1993) and known occurrences of Cantellius euspinulosa (D), C. iwayama (E), C. tredecimus, (D) C. pallidus (L), Hiroa stubbingsi (H), Cionophora soongi (*) and C. guillaumae sp. nov. (+). Localities, for sites of collection see results: 1, Red Sea, Gulf of Elat or Aqaba; 2, Red Sea; 3, Red Sea,Yemen; 4, Kenya; 5, Tanzania; 6, Mozambique, Inhaca Island; 7, Seychelles; 8, Mauritius; 9, Reunion; 10, Maldive Islands; 11, Vietnam; 12, Indonesia, Sabah; 13, Indonesia, Sulawesi; 14, Philippines; 15, Taiwan (Soong and Chang, 1983); 16, Japan, Okinawa (Ogawa and Matsuzaki, 1990; Asami and Yamaguchi, 1997); 17, Japan, Kushimoto, 18, Truk Islands (Ollan Island, type locality of Hiroa stubbingsi); 19, Australia, Western Australia; 20, Australia, Darwin; 21, 22, Australia, Great Barrier Reef; 23, Australia, Lord Howe Island; 24, New Caledonia (type locality of Cionophora guillaumae); 25, Vanuatu; 26, Marshall Islands, Enewetok Atoll; 27, Gilbert Islands; 28, Tonga Islands.