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250 results for “hurricanes”
WRF Model Output for the 3 km grid of the Hurricane Nature Run, days 08-04-2005 to 08-06-2005
<p>This is WRF model output for the Hurricane Nature Run presented in Nolan et al. (2013). The tar file contains gzipped netcdf files each with 6 model outputs at 30 minute intervals.</p>
SMART-R2 Ground based C-band mobile radar observations of Hurricane Harvey landfall 2017
<p>This dataset contains radar scans collected by Shared Mobile Atmospheric Research and Teaching Radar #2 (SMART-R2) near Woodsboro, Texas during Hurricane Harvey landfall, 25-26 August 2017.</p> <p>Extract the data on a Unix system with the command "tar zxf hurricane_harvey.smart-r2.tar.gz"</p> <p>Directory harvey/SR2/iris_data/product_raw contains the data. The files are in Sigmet raw product format, documented at:<br> ftp://ftp.sigmet.com/outgoing/manuals/IRIS_Programmers_Manual.pdf</p> <p>Directory hurricane_harvey.smart-r2/SR2/log/ contains the radar operator's log.</p> <p>The deployment was funded by RAPID grant AGS-1759479 from the National Science Foundation, funds from the School of Meteorology at the University of Oklahoma, and a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program grant 17-EARTH17R-72.</p> <p>For more information, please contact:<br> M. I. Biggerstaff drdoppler@ou.edu<br> G. D. Carrie gordon.carrie-1@ou.edu</p> <p> </p>
Data for "Near Surface Maximum Winds during the Landfall of Hurricane Harvey"
<p>This archive corresponds to the data described in Alford et al. (2018) to be published in <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>. Please see the included readme.txt file for details about each data file.</p> <p>Citation for paper: Alford, A. A., M. I. Biggerstaff, G. D. Carrie, J. L. Schroeder, B. D. Hirth, and S. M. Saugh, 2018: Near-surface maximum winds during the landfall of Hurricane Harvey. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <strong>46</strong>. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080013.</p> <p> </p>
Coastal Bridges under Hurricane Stresses along the Texas and Louisiana Coast
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 17STTSA02. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"The main objective of this study was to develop a high-resolution model capable of simulating the response of bridge structures to hydrodynamic loads for hurricane design conditions (i.e. surge height, wave height, and frequency) expected in the Texas-Louisiana coast. The model relied on Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian techniques (CEL) where solids are simulated with Lagrangian meshes, while fluids are simulated using Eulerian meshes, and was calibrated using historical data from wave impact laboratory tests. Two high resolution models were created, the first of a tsunami wave impact test conducted at Oregon State University and the second of a bridge located in the Gulf Coast that was heavily impacted by hurricane Katrina. The tsunami wave impact model showed that the CEL technique could provide accurate estimates of wave elevation, water velocity, and wall reaction recorded during the tests at Oregon State University. The bridge model was used to calculate bridge support demands for a representative combination of storm surge, wave velocity and wave length."</p>
The Impact of Hurricane Harvey on Pavement Structures in the South East Texas and South West Louisiana
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18PUTA02. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"This study developed a methodology to estimate the damage caused by flooding, such that caused by Hurricane Harvey, on a road or street network. The flooded street or pavement sections are identified using GIS flood maps with street GIS maps used for pavement management systems (PMS) by cities or state authorities. Then the damage caused by flooding directly through the increase moisture in foundation layers or indirectly due to the increase heavy traffic during the relief effort is estimated. An example Excel macro was created to illustrate the estimation process. The methodology estimates the increase in rehabilitation costs since the flooding imposes that many rehabilitation works must be done earlier than anticipated before the flooding. The methodology also estimated the increase in fuel consumption caused by the increased in pavement roughness if the rehabilitation works are done when anticipated before the flooding. The methodology and the Excel macro can also be used to identify the pavement structures with better resilience to the flooding by grouping sections based on the flooding duration (no flooding, single and multiple day flooding) and on design features such as pavement type, functional class, age or time from the most recent resurfacing or reconstruction, subgrade soil type, traffic volume, layer thickness."</p>
Data Supporting "Air-Sea Momentum Exchange with Explicit Wind-Wave-Current Coupling and Effects on Hurricane Structure and Impacts"
<p>This dataset produced the figures for the Air-Sea Momentum Exchange with Explicit Wind-Wave-Current Coupling and Effects on Hurricane Structure and Impacts Manusrcipt.</p>
Estimating Disaster Resilience of Hurricane Helene on Florida Counties
<p><strong>The Disaster Resilience Index (DRI) was calculated for each county along the path of Hurricane Helene in Florida.</strong></p>
Data from: Tropical understory herbaceous community responds more strongly to hurricane disturbance than to experimental warming
<p>The effects of climate change on tropical forests may have global consequences due to the forests' high biodiversity and major role in the global carbon cycle. In this study, we document the effects of experimental warming on the abundance and composition of a tropical forest floor herbaceous plant community in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. This study was conducted within Tropical Responses to Altered Climate Experiment (TRACE) plots, which use infrared heaters under free-air, open-field conditions, to warm understory vegetation and soils +4 °C above nearby control plots. Hurricanes Irma and María damaged the heating infrastructure in the second year of warming, therefore, the study included one pre-treatment year, one year of warming, and one year of hurricane response with no warming. We measured percent leaf cover of individual herbaceous species, fern population dynamics, and species richness and diversity within three warmed and three control plots.</p> <p>Results showed that one year of experimental warming did not significantly affect the cover of individual herbaceous species, fern population dynamics, species richness, or species diversity. In contrast, herbaceous cover increased from 20% to 70%, bare ground decreased from 70% to 6%, and species composition shifted pre- to post-hurricane. The negligible effects of warming may have been due to the short duration of the warming treatment or an understory that is somewhat resistant to higher temperatures. Our results suggest that climate extremes that are predicted to increase with climate change, such as hurricanes and droughts, may cause more abrupt changes in tropical forest understories than longer-term sustained warming.</p>
Real-time GNSS troposphere products: ZTD and gradients - hurricane Lorenzo case study
<p>This dataset contains multi-GNSS real-time products, i.e. ECEF coordinates, zenith total delay (ZTD), and horizontal gradients, together with their uncertainties estimated every 1 minute for a subset of EPN stations during two test periods (21 days long each):</p> <p>1) Day of year (DoY) 201 - 221, 2019</p> <p>2) DoY 266 - 286, 2019.</p> <p>The processing strategy can be found in https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10291-020-01014-w, under to "advanced strategy" configuration.</p> <p>For convenience, products are stored in 2 formats (but each contains identical data):</p> <p>1. Self-explanatory netCDF format (https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/docs/file_format_specifications.html), which follows the parameter naming convention of the troposphere SINEX v2 format: https://www.pecny.cz/WWW_FIL/TRO-SINEX/old/sinex_tro_2017-05-28-JD.pdf. Each file contains data for all stations but only for one test period.</p> <p>2. Semicolon delimited text files, with a self-explanatory header line. Each file contains daily products for one station.</p>
Ocean temperatures and temperature anomalies during Hurricane Ida
<p> </p> <p>Images showing the ocean surface temperature and temperature anomaly (from climatology) 25 August to 4 September 2021 and Hurricane Ida's storm track, shown by the white line. The line is thicker to indicate the storm position for that day's image. </p> <p>Data in the image is from JPL MUR MEaSUREs Project. 2015. GHRSST Level 4 MUR Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature Analysis. Ver. 4.1. PO.DAAC, CA, USA. Dataset accessed 2021-09-06 at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/GHGMR-4FJ04">https://doi.org/10.5067/GHGMR-4FJ04</a>.</p>
Data Archive for: Hurricane Laura (2020): A Comparison of Drop Size Distribution Moments Using Ground and Radar Remote Sensing Retrieval Methods
<p>This archive corresponds to the data described in Brauer et al. (2021) to be published in <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres.</em> Please see the included readme.txt file for details about each data file.</p>
Louisiana mottled duck telemetry summer survival data 2018-2020 and water level data from Hurricane Laura surge
<p>Tropical cyclones are the most powerful storms on earth, causing catastrophic damage to human lives and infrastructure. Hurricanes also cause wildlife mortality when they make landfall, but the severity of these effects is difficult to quantify because data collection is either logistically impossible or deprioritized in the wake of human tragedy. On 27 August 2020, Hurricane Laura made landfall in southwestern Louisiana with maximum sustained winds of 241 kph (150 mph), making it one of the most powerful storms to strike the mainland United States. Hurricane Laura passed directly over the core breeding range of the Western Gulf Coast population of Mottled Duck (<i>Anas fulvigula</i>), during a time when many adult birds were undergoing a simultaneous wing feather molt and were flightless. We used GPS-GSM telemetry data to evaluate survival rates of adult female Mottled Ducks in late summer 2020 (bracketing 27 August by one month on either side) relative to the same period in 2018 and 2019. Mortality was lower in 2018 (12 out of 29; 41%) and 2019 (8 out of 28; 29%) than in 2020 (12 out of 18; 67%), and 7 out of 12 mortalities documented in 2020 occurred when Hurricane Laura made landfall. Survival analyses in Program MARK confirmed lower survival probability in 2020, but there was overlap in 85% confidence intervals in all years. This single storm resulted in the death of ~40% of all marked birds in our sample, suggesting that hurricanes have the potential to influence population demographics. In addition, Hurricane Laura resulted in widespread habitat loss and degradation that has reduced available nesting habitat in 2021, and possibly for years to come. The acute and chronic effects of hurricanes may exacerbate Mottled Duck population declines, which may worsen in the face of increasingly frequent and more severe tropical storms.</p>
Replication Dataset for Improving Normalized Hurricane Damages
<p>This dataset can be used to replicate the results in Martinez (2020) Improving Normalized Hurricane Damages. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-0550-5</p> <p>The dataset was constructed using data from Weinkle et al. Nature Sustainability https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0165-2</p> <p>Building cost information was obtained from Robert Shiller: http://www.econ.yale.edu/~shiller/data/Fig3-1.xls</p>
Simulated Meteorological Changes Following a Hurricane Defoliation Event
<p>Results of two simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model, version 3.8. The first simulation (nelson_ei_control.nc) is a hindcast of the month following Hurricane Michael's landfall (2018) in the Florida panhandle, USA. The second simulation (nelson_ei_defoliated.nc) shows the sensitivity of 3-h precipitation, 2-m air temperature, 2-m relative humidity, surface sensible heat flux, surface latent heat flux, and the ground heat flux to a dramatic reduction in vegetation along Michael's path. The data contained therein have been analyzed in "Understanding Meteorological Changes Following Severe Defoliation During a Strong Hurricane Landfall: Insights from Hurricane Michael (2018)" by Nelson and Miller published in <em>Earth Interactions</em>.</p>
Hurricanes affect diversification among individual life courses of a primate population
<ol> <li>Extreme climatic events may influence individual-level variability in phenotypes, survival, and reproduction, and thereby drive the pace of evolution. Climate models predict increases in the frequency of intense hurricanes, but no study has measured their impact on individual life courses within animal populations.</li> <li>We used 45 years of demographic data of rhesus macaques to quantify the influence of major hurricanes on reproductive life courses using multiple metrics of dynamic heterogeneity accounting for life course variability and life history trait variances.</li> <li>To reduce intraspecific competition, individuals may explore new reproductive stages during years of major hurricanes, resulting in higher temporal variation in reproductive trajectories. Alternatively, individuals may opt for a single optimal life history strategy due to trade-offs between survival and reproduction.</li> <li>Our results show that heterogeneity in reproductive life courses increased by 4% during years of major hurricanes, despite a 2% reduction in the asymptotic growth rate due to an average decrease in mean fertility and survival, i.e. shortened life courses and reduced reproductive output. In agreement with this, the population is expected to achieve stable population dynamics faster after being perturbed by a hurricane (ρ = 1.512; 95% CI: 1.488, 1.538), relative to ordinary years (ρ = 1.482;1.475,1.490).</li> <li>Our work suggests that natural disasters force individuals into new demographic roles to potentially reduce competition during unfavorable environments where mean reproduction and survival are compromised. Variance in lifetime reproductive success and longevity are differently affected by hurricanes, and such variability is mostly driven by survival. </li> </ol>
Heliconia-dwelling invertebrate abundances following a simulated hurricane disturbance
<p>Disturbances like hurricanes can affect diversity and community composition, which may in turn affect ecosystem function. We examined how a simulated hurricane disturbance affected insect communities inhabiting the phytotelma (plant-held waters) of <em>Heliconia</em> <em>caribaea</em> in the Luquillo Experimental Forest of eastern Puerto Rico, a tropical island that frequently experiences hurricanes. We hypothesized that disturbance would alter diversity and that larger Heliconia would attract more species following disturbance due to the area-diversity relationship described by the Theory of Island Biogeography. Individual flower parts (bracts) of <em>Heliconia</em> inflorescences (racemes) were artificially disturbed via removal of existing insect communities, then after refilling with water, cohorts of <em>Heliconia</em> were destructively sampled biweekly for six weeks to assess recolonization patterns of α (bract level), β, and γ (summed across bracts; raceme level) diversity over time and across raceme sizes. Although we found no support for our hypothesis about the effect of raceme size on recolonization, our hypothesis regarding recolonization patterns over time was supported; species richness, evenness, and abundance of bracts increased directly after the disturbance and then decreased below pre-disturbance levels, and community composition at the raceme level changed significantly over time during recolonization. β diversity was also greater in smaller racemes compared to larger racemes, suggesting high heterogeneity across bracts of <em>Heliconia</em> racemes exacerbated by raceme size and age. Overall, our results highlight the importance of scale and appropriate measurements of diversity (particularly α) in experiments aiming to extrapolate conclusions about the ecological impacts of disturbances across different habitats and ecosystems.</p>
Estuarine hurricane wind and Delaware Bay and River extreme water level
<p>DHSVM and FVCOM model datasets used in the result analysis of the manuscript article "Estuarine hurricane wind can intensify surge-dominated coastal and riverine extreme water level"</p>
Spatial sorting promotes rapid (mal)adaptation in the red-shouldered soapberry bug after hurricane-driven local extinctions
<p>Predicting future evolutionary change is a critical challenge in the Anthropocene as geographic range shifts and local extinction emerge as hallmarks of planetary change. Hence, spatial sorting – a driver of rapid evolution in which dispersal-associated traits accumulate along expanding range edges and within recolonized habitats – might be of growing importance in ecology and conservation. We report on the results of a natural experiment that monitored re-colonization of host plants by the seed-feeding, red-shouldered soapberry bug, <em>Jadera</em> <em>haematoloma</em>, after local extinctions from catastrophic flooding in an extreme hurricane. We tested the contribution of spatial sorting to generate rapid and persistent evolution in dispersal traits, as well as in feeding traits unrelated to dispersal. Long-winged dispersal forms accumulated in re-colonized habitats, and due to genetic correlation, mouthparts also became longer, and this shift persisted across generations. Those longer mouthparts were likely adaptive on one host plant species but maladaptive on two others based on matching the optimum depth of seeds within their host fruits. Moreover, spatial sorting eroded recently evolved adaptive divergence in mouthpart length among all host-associated biotypes, an outcome pointing to profound practical consequences of the extreme weather event for local adaptation, population resilience, and evolutionary futures.</p>
Shifts in wood anatomical traits after a major hurricane
<p>Trait variation across individuals and species influences the resistance and resilience of ecosystems to disturbance, and the ability of individuals to capitalize on post-disturbance conditions. In trees, the anatomical structure of the xylem directly affects plant function and, consequently, it is a valuable lens through which to understand resistance and resilience to disturbance.</p> <p>To determine how hurricanes affect the wood anatomy of tropical trees, we characterized a set of anatomical traits in wood produced before and after a major hurricane for 65 individuals of ten Puerto Rican tree species. We quantified variation at different scales and determined trait shifts between the pre- and post-hurricane periods. We also assessed correlations between traits and growth rates.</p> <p>While the majority of anatomical trait variation occurred among species, we also observed substantial variation within species and individuals. Within individuals, we found significant shifts for some traits that generally reflected increased hydraulic conductivity in the post-hurricane period. We found weak evidence for an association between individual xylem anatomical traits and diameter growth rates.</p> <p>Ultimately, within-individual variation of xylem anatomical traits observed in our study could be related to post-hurricane recovery and overall growth (e.g., canopy filling). Other factors, however, likely decouple a relationship between xylem anatomy and diameter growth. While adjustments of wood anatomy may enable individual trees to capitalize on favorable post-disturbance conditions, these may also influence their future responses or vulnerability to subsequent disturbances.</p>
Impacts of hurricanes and disease on Diadema antillarum in shallow water reef and mangrove locations in St John, USVI
<p>Number of Diadema antillarum per 10x2 m2 transect at 9 reef sites and 3 mangrove sites in St John USVI from 2017-2023</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.