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343 results for “invasive aliens”
Supplementary material 1 from: Bustamante RO, Alves L, Goncalves E, Duarte M, Herrera I (2020) A classification system for predicting invasiveness using climatic niche traits and global distribution models: application to alien plant species in Chile. NeoBiota 63: 127-146. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.63.50049
Table S1. Exotic species located in Quadrant 1 (see Figure 3) and impacts on biodiversity, agriculture and cattle raisng
Field-based ecological studies to assess prospective biological control agents for invasive alien plants: an example from giant rat's tail grass
<p>1. Biological control (biocontrol) of invasive alien plants is a widely utilised weed management tool. Prospective biocontrol agents are typically assessed through host-specificity testing and pre-release efficacy studies performed in quarantine. However, rearing of the potential biocontrol agents and/or test plants is often difficult or impossible under quarantine conditions. Moreover, practitioners may attain laboratory-artefacts in quarantine, which may result in the potential agent being needlessly rejected. Field-based studies in the weed's indigenous distribution could overcome these issues.</p> <p>2. Sporobolus pyramidalis and Sporobolus natalensis (giant rat's tail grass; Poaceae) are indigenous in Africa but have become problematic invasive alien plants in Australia. A previous biocontrol programme was terminated because the candidate agent could not be reared and tested in quarantine. We performed field-based host-specificity and efficacy studies for prospective biocontrol agents in South Africa (indigenous distribution). Forty-seven non-target grass species were sampled during host-specificity assessments. Candidate agent efficacy was estimated based on damage to the target weeds, for each host-specific candidate individually and in combination with other host-specific candidates.</p> <p>3. Three species of endophagous wasps were deemed host-specific. Efficacy assessments identified an undescribed stem-boring wasp (Tetramesa sp.) species as the most damaging candidate. A second Tetramesa species was much less damaging alone but had a cumulative impact on the plant in combination with the more damaging Tetramesa species. Both Tetramesa species are recommended for importation into quarantine in Australia for confirmatory host-specificity testing with a significantly reduced test plant list.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications: Similar field-based assessments in the indigenous distribution of weeds targeted for biocontrol could be included in future programmes. Where rearing of potential agents and/or test plants is difficult or impossible under quarantine conditions, our field-based method provides an alternative. Where quarantine-based testing is feasible, this method ensures that only candidates that have passed an ecologically realistic host-specificity and potential efficacy screening are imported into quarantine. This may reduce the number of agents that are imported and the length of time each agent is kept in quarantine. This is advantageous because quarantine space is highly valuable and is usually a limiting factor in pre-release assessments of biocontrol agents.</p>
Data from: Colonization history, host distribution, anthropogenic influence and landscape features shape populations of white pine blister rust, an invasive alien tree pathogen
White pine blister rust is caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch (Basidiomycota, Pucciniales). This invasive alien pathogen was introduced into North America at the beginning of the 20th century on pine seedlings imported from Europe and has caused serious economic and ecological impacts. In this study, we applied a population and landscape genetics approach to understand the patterns of introduction and colonization as well as population structure and migration of C. ribicola. We characterized 1,292 samples of C. ribicola from 66 geographic locations in North America using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and evaluated the effect of landscape features, host distribution, and colonization history on the structure of these pathogen populations. We identified eastern and western genetic populations in North America that are strongly differentiated. Genetic diversity is two to five times higher in eastern populations than in western ones, which can be explained by the repeated accidental introductions of the pathogen into northeastern North America compared with a single documented introduction into western North America. These distinct genetic populations are maintained by a barrier to gene flow that corresponds to a region where host connectivity is interrupted. Furthermore, additional cryptic spatial differentiation was identified in western populations. This differentiation corresponds to landscape features, such as mountain ranges, and also to host connectivity. We also detected genetic differentiation between the pathogen populations in natural stands and plantations, an indication that anthropogenic movement of this pathogen still takes place. These results highlight the importance of monitoring this invasive alien tree pathogen to prevent admixture of eastern and western populations where different pathogen races occur.
Data from: Frost maintains forests and grasslands as alternate states in a montane tropical forest-grassland mosaic; but alien tree invasion and warming can disrupt this balance
1. Forest-grassland mosaics, with abrupt boundaries between the two vegetation types, occur across the globe. Fire and herbivory are widely considered primary drivers that maintain these mosaics by limiting tree establishment in grasslands, while edaphic factors and frosts are generally considered to be secondary factors that reinforce these effects. However, the relative importance of these drivers likely varies across systems. In particular, although frost is known to occur in many montane tropical mosaics, experimental evidence for its role as a driving factor is limited. 2. We used replicated in-situ transplant and warming experiments to examine the role of microclimate (frost and freezing temperatures) and soil in influencing germination and seedling survival of both native forest trees and alien invasive Acacia trees in grasslands of a tropical montane forest-grassland mosaic in the Western Ghats of southern India. 3. Seed germination of both native and alien tree species was higher in grasslands regard-less of soil type, indicating that germination was not the limiting stage to tree establishment. However, irrespective of soil type, native seedlings in grasslands incurred high mortality fol-lowing winter frosts and freezing temperatures relative to native seedlings in adjoining forests where freezing temperatures did not occur. Seedling survival through the tropical winter was thus a primary limitation to native tree establishment in grasslands. In contrast, alien Acacia seedlings in grasslands incurred much lower levels of winter mortality. Experimental night-time warming in grasslands significantly enhanced over-winter survival of all tree seedlings, but increases in recruitment were much greater for alien Acacia than for native tree seedlings. 4. Synthesis: Our results provide evidence for a primary role for frost and freezing temperatures in limiting tree establishment in grasslands of this tropical forest-grassland mosaic. Future increases in temperature are likely to release trees from this limitation and favour tree expansion into grasslands, with rates of expansion of non-native Acacia likely to be much greater than that of native trees. We suggest that studies of frost limitation to plant establishment are needed across a range of tropical ecosystems to re-evaluate the general importance of frost as a driver of vegetation transitions in the tropics.
Data from: Origin matters: diversity affects the performance of alien invasive species but not of native species
At local scales, it has often been found that invasibility declines with increasing resident plant diversity. However, whether resident community diversity similarly resists invasion by alien versus native species is seldom compared. We examined this issue by invading constructed native plant assemblages that varied in species and functional richness with invasive alien or native Asteraceae species. Assemblages were also invaded with spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe, a native European Aster that has been previously used in diversity-invasibility experiments in North America. We also conducted a field survey to explore the generality of the patterns generated from our experimental study. Both experimental and observational work revealed that increasing diversity reduced the performance of alien but not native invaders. Centaurea stoebe invading its native community performed poorly regardless of resident diversity whereas in a parallel previously published study in North America, C. stoebe easily invaded low but not high diversity assemblages. Our results suggest that diversity is an attribute of resident communities that makes them more or less susceptible to invasion by novel invasive alien but not native plant species. 19 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures; Appendix
Data from: A prioritised list of invasive alien species to assist the effective implementation of EU legislation
1. Effective prevention and control of invasive species generally relies on a comprehensive, coherent and representative list of species that enables resources to be used optimally. European Union (EU) Regulation 1143/2014 on invasive alien species (IAS) aims to control or eradicate priority species, and to manage pathways to prevent the introduction and establishment of new IAS; it applies to species considered of Union concern and subject to formal risk assessment. So far, 49 species have been listed but the criteria for selecting species for risk assessment have not been disclosed and were probably unsystematic. 2. We developed a simple method to systematically rank invasive alien species according to their maximum potential threat to biodiversity in the EU. We identified 1323 species as potential candidates for listing, and evaluated them against their invasion stages and reported impacts, using information from databases and scientific literature. 3. 900 species fitted the criteria for listing according to IAS Regulation. We prioritised 207 species for urgent risk assessment, 59 by 2018 and 148 by 2020, based on their potential to permanently damage native species or ecosystems; another 336 species were identified for a second phase (by 2025), to prevent or reverse their profound impacts on biodiversity; and a further 357 species for assessment by 2030. 4. Policy implications. We propose a systematic, proactive approach to selecting and prioritising invasive alien species for risk assessment to assist European Union policy implementation. We assess an unprecedented number of species with potential to harm EU biodiversity using simple methodology that we developed, and recommend which species should be considered for risk assessment in a ranked order of priority along the timeline 2018-2030, based on their maximum reported impact and their invasion history in Europe.
Data from: Modeling spatial expansion of invasive alien species: relative contributions of environmental and anthropogenic factors to the spreading of the harlequin ladybird in France
Species distribution models (SDM) have often been used to predict the potential ranges of introduced species and prioritize management strategies. However, this approach assumes equilibrium between occurrences and environmental gradients, an assumption which is violated during the invasion process, where many suitable sites are empty because the species has not yet reached them. Here we considered the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis as a case study to show the benefits of using a dynamic colonization–extinction model that does not assume equilibrium. We used a multi-year occupancy model incorporating environmental, anthropogenic and neighborhood effects, to identify factors that explained spreading variation of this species in France from 2004, when only a few occupied sites were detected, to 2011. We found that anthropogenic factors (urbanization, agriculture, vineyards, and presence/absence of highways) explained more variation in the diffusion process than environmental factors (winter and summer temperatures, wind-speed, and rainfall). The surface of urbanization was the major anthropogenic factor increasing the probability of colonization. The average summer temperature was the main environmental factor affecting colonization, with a negative effect when high or low. The neighborhood effect revealed that colonization was mostly influenced by contributions coming from a radius of 24 km around the focal cell. The contribution of neighborhood decreases over time, suggesting that H. axyridis is reaching its equilibrium in France. This is confirmed by the small discrepancy observed between the performance of our approach and a SDM approach when predicting a single year occupancy pattern at the end of the study period. Our approach has the advantage of explicitly modelling the state of the biological system during the spatial expansion and identifying colonization constraints. This allows managers to explore the effect of different actions on the system at key moments of the invasion process, hence providing a powerful approach to prioritize management strategies.
Global Invasive and Alien Traits and Records (GIATAR) dataset
<p>Monitoring and managing the global spread of invasive and alien species requires accurate spatiotemporal records of species presence and information about the biological characteristics of species of interest including life cycle information, biotic and abiotic constraints and pathways of spread. The Global Invasive and Alien Traits And Records (GIATAR) dataset provides consolidated dated records of invasive and alien presence at the country-scale combined with a suite of biological information about pests of interest in a standardized, machine-readable format. We provide dated presence records for 46,666 alien taxa in 249 countries constituting 827,300 country-taxon pairs, joined with additional biological information for thousands of taxa. GIATAR is designed to be quickly updateable with future data and easy to integrate into ongoing research on global patterns of alien species movement using scripts provided to query and analyze data. </p> <p>This publication includes:</p> <ul> <li>GIATAR dataset files (dataset)</li> <li>Functions in Python and R to join tables and query data (query_functions)</li> <li>Tutorials and example queries in Python and R (tutorials)</li> </ul> <p>For more information, please refer to the publication:</p> <div> <div>Saffer, Ariel, Thom Worm, Yu Takeuchi, and Ross Meentemeyer. “GIATAR: A Spatio-Temporal Dataset of Global Invasive and Alien Species and Their Traits.” <em>Scientific Data</em> 11, no. 1 (September 11, 2024): 991. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03824-w">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03824-w</a>.</div> <div> </div> <div>Changes in this version (September 15, 2025):</div> <div> <ul> <li>Latest records as of September 8, 2025</li> </ul> </div> <div>For continuous updates to code, please refer to our Github repository: https://github.com/ncsu-landscape-dynamics/GIATAR-dataset</div> </div>
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment: Chapter 4. Figures, tables and captions
<p>Figures, tables and captions from Chapter 4: Impacts of biological invasions on nature, nature’s contributions to people, and good quality of life. In: Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.</p>
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment: Chapter 5. Figures, tables and captions
<p>Figures, tables and caption from Chapter 5: Management; challenges, opportunities and lessons learned. In: Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.</p>
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment: Chapter 3. Figures, tables and captions
<p>Figures, tables and captions from Chapter 3: Drivers of biodiversity change affecting biological invasions. In: Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.</p>
The Three Mosquiteers Learn About Invasive Alien Species (English & Greek version)
<p>The Three Mosquiteers are short stories of three friends that try to raise awareness about important ecological issues such as biological invasions in the case of the leaflet. This leaflet was developed and funded by COST Action Alien CSI</p>
Dataset for: Differential responses to fertilization and competition among invasive, non-invasive alien and native Bidens species
<p class="manuscript">Comparative studies of invasive, non-invasive alien, and native congenic plant species can identify plant traits that drive invasiveness. In particular, functional traits associated with rapid growth rate and high fecundity likely facilitate invasive success. As such traits often exhibit high phenotypic plasticity, characterizing plastic responses to anthropogenic environmental changes such as eutrophication and disturbance is important for predicting the invasive success of alien plant species in the future. Here, we compared trait expression and phenotypic plasticity at the species level among invasive, non-invasive alien, and native <i>Bidens</i> species. Plants were grown under nutrient addition and competition treatments, and their functional, morphological, and seed traits were examined. Invasive <i>B. frondosa</i> exhibited higher phenotypic plasticity in most measured traits than did the alien non-invasive <i>B. pilosa</i> or native <i>B. bipinnata</i>. However, differential plastic responses to environmental treatments rarely altered the rank of trait values among the three <i>Bidens</i> species, except for the number of inflorescences. The achene size of <i>B. frondosa</i> was larger, but its pappus length was shorter than that of <i>B. pilosa</i>. Two species demonstrated opposite plastic responses of pappus length to fertilization. These results suggest that the plasticity of functional traits does not significantly contribute to the invasive success of <i>B. frondosa</i>. The dispersal efficiency of <i>B. frondosa</i> is expected to be lower than that of <i>B. pilosa</i>, suggesting that long-distance dispersal is likely not a critical factor in determining invasive success.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Muñoz-Mas R, Carrete M, Castro-Díez P, Delibes-Mateos M, Jaques JA, López-Darias M, Nogales M, Pino J, Traveset A, Turon X, Vilà M, García-Berthou E (2021) Management of invasive alien species in Spain: a bibliometric review. NeoBiota 70: 123-150. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.70.68202
Table S1. Table of features, categories and definitions used to characterise the compiled literature
Prioritizing terrestrial invasive alien plant species for management in urban ecosystems
<p>1. Invasive alien plant species (IAPs) in urban areas can have detrimental effects on biodiversity, ecosystem services and human well-being. Urban areas are complex social management mosaics with high land-use diversity, complex land tenure patterns, and many different stakeholder groups, some of which derive benefits from invading species. Urban conservation practitioners face complex decisions about which IAPs require management. Yet most IAPs prioritization frameworks have been designed for and implemented in natural or rural areas and are generally inadequate for guiding effective and sustainable interventions in urbanized areas.</p> <p>2. We modified an existing prioritization scheme to develop a framework for prioritizing terrestrial IAPs in urban areas which applies evidence-based (data-driven) and stakeholder-based (local knowledge) assessments to score and rank alien plant species in terms of their priority for management using an objective set of criteria.</p> <p>3. The framework consists of forty-six criteria, grouped into eight modules which assess invasion status, habitat requirements, biological characteristics, dispersal ability, distribution, impact (positive and negative), and potential for control for each alien plant species under consideration.</p> <p>4. We use the city of Toronto, Canada as a case study to test our framework – a list of 50 IAPs were effectively scored and ranked in order of high to low priority for control. Species with the highest <i>total prioritization scores</i> were <i>Vincetoxicum</i> <i>rossicum</i> (Dog Strangling Vine), <i>Convolvulus</i> <i>arvensis</i> (Field Bindweed) and <i>Taraxacum</i> <i>officinale</i> (Common Dandelion) (ranked 1, 2 and 3, respectively).</p> <p>5. Many of the identified high priority species align with the those previously flagged as of management concern by conservation practitioners, but also include those that are not actively managed due to their perceived lower ecological impacts. These species still require high resource investment for other objectives such as aesthetics. This highlights the complexity of alien plant species management in urban areas.</p> <p>6.<i> Synthesis and applications. </i>Prioritizing invasive alien plants for management in urban areas is particularly challenging due to often conflicting ecological, economic, and social objectives. We use available evidence and local stakeholder knowledge to develop an objective and systematic prioritization tool which can assist conservation practitioners in selecting priority species for management action in complex urban landscapes.</p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Anđelković AA, Lawson Handley L, Marchante E, Adriaens T, Brown PMJ, Tricarico E, Verbrugge LNH (2022) A review of volunteers' motivations to monitor and control invasive alien species. NeoBiota 73: 153-175. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.73.79636
List of recommendations for designing projects to ensure maximum recruitment and volunteer retention extracted from the studies used in the analysis (for their full references, please see Suppl. material 1) and their link to our recommendations
Supplementary material 2 from: Cerri J, Lioy S, Porporato M, Bertolino S (2022) Combining surveys and on-line searching volumes to analyze public awareness about invasive alien species: a case study with the invasive Asian yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina) in Italy. NeoBiota 73: 177-192. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.73.80359
Distribution of scores to the questions on the perceived impacts of V. velutina and its severity in relation to various threats for beekeeping
Disentangling the role of environmental filtering and biotic resistance on alien invasions in a reservoir area
<p>Data from: Disentangling the role of environmental filtering and biotic resistance on alien invasions in a reservoir area</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Sirbu C, Miu IV, Gavrilidis AA, Gradinaru SR, Niculae IM, Preda C, Oprea A, Urziceanu M, Camen-Comanescu P, Nagoda E, Sirbu IM, Memedemin D, Anastasiu P (2022) Distribution and pathways of introduction of invasive alien plant species in Romania. NeoBiota 75: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.75.84684
Appendix S2. Altitudinal range of invasive and potentially invasive alien plant species recorded in Romania
Supplementary material 4 from: Schiffleithner V, Essl F (2016) Is it worth the effort? Spread and management success of invasive alien plant species in a Central European National Park. NeoBiota 31: 43-61. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.31.8071
Table S2. Percentage and numbers of populations of the three study species : Explanation note: Percentage and numbers of populations of the three study species in the five size classes (1 = 0–10m², 2 = 10–100m², 3 = 100–1,000m², 4 = 1,000–10,000m², 5 = >10,000m²) in the National Park Thayatal-Podyjí in 2010. Density classes (according to Braun-Blanquet 1964) are provided for Fallopia × bohemica and Impatiens glandulifera.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.