Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
360
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
360 results for “microbes”
Data from: Metabolically similar cohorts of bacteria exhibit strong co-occurrence patterns with diet items and eukaryotic microbes in lizard guts
Gut microbiomes perform essential services for their hosts, including helping them to digest food and manage pathogens and parasites. Performing these services requires a diverse and constantly changing set of metabolic functions from the bacteria in the microbiome. The metabolic repertoire of the microbiome is ultimately dependent on the outcomes of the ecological interactions of its member microbes, as these interactions in part determine the taxonomic composition of the microbiome. The ecological processes that underpin the microbiome's ability to handle a variety of metabolic challenges might involve rapid turnover of the gut microbiome in response to new metabolic challenges, or it might entail maintaining sufficient diversity in the microbiome that any new metabolic demands can be met from an existing set of bacteria. To differentiate between these scenarios, we examine the gut bacteria and resident eukaryotes of two generalist-insectivore lizards, while simultaneously identifying the arthropod prey each lizard was digesting at the time of sampling. We find that the cohorts of bacteria that occur significantly more or less often than expected with arthropod diet items or eukaryotes include bacteria species that are highly similar to each other metabolically. This pattern in the bacteria microbiome could represent an early step in the taxonomic shifts in bacteria microbiome that occur when host lineages change their in diet niche over evolutionary timescales.
Raw data used in: Variations in effects of ectosymbiotic microbes on the growth rates among different species and genotypes of Daphnia fed different algal diets
<p>Several recent studies have shown that ectosymbiotic bacterial microbiota, including gut microbes, affect the growth and reproduction of <span class="MsoSubtleEmphasis">Daphnia</span>, a key organism in lake ecosystems. However, these studies examined specific species, such as the model organism, <i>D. magna,</i> and used green algae as food. It is unclear if symbiotic bacteria affect fitness in other <span class="MsoSubtleEmphasis">Daphnia</span> species common in lakes and ponds in Japan. In this study, we examined the growth rates of sterilized individuals of two <i>D. pulex</i> genotypes with <i>D. magna</i> using the green algae <i>Scenedesmus</i> and the diatom <i>Cyclotella</i> as algal diets. In addition, we examined the growth rate of the sterilized <span class="MsoSubtleEmphasis">Daphnia</span><i> pulex</i> individuals infected by <i>Limnohabitans</i> spp., previously reported to promote the fitness of <i>D. magna</i> as ectosymbiotic bacteria. We found that the effects of ectosymbiotic bacteria on growth rate differed not only between different genotypes of <i>D. pulex</i> but also between individuals fed the different algal diets. The results suggest that the genotype- and diet-specific differences in fitness-dependency on the ectosymbiotic microbiota can be factors affecting the genetic structures of <i>D. pulex</i> populations.</p>
Data from: Community-wide consequences of sexual dimorphism: evidence from nectar microbes in dioecious plants
Intra-specific trait variation is receiving renewed interest as a factor affecting the structure of multi-species communities within and across trophic levels. One pervasive form of intra-specific trait variation is sexual dimorphism in animals and plants, which might exert large effects particularly on the communities of host-associated organisms, but the extent of these effects is not well understood. We investigated whether host-associated microbial communities developed differently in the floral nectar of female and male individuals of the dioecious shrubs, Eurya emarginata and E. japonica. We found that nectar-colonizing microbes such as bacteria and fungi were more than twice as prevalent and, overall, more than ten times as abundant in male flowers as in female flowers. Microbial species composition also differed between flower sexes. To examine potential mechanisms behind these differences, we manipulated the frequency of flower visitation by animals and the order of arrival of microbial species to nectar. Animal visitation frequency affected microbial communities more greatly in male flowers, while arrival order affected them more in female flowers. These sex-specific effects appeared attributable to differences in how animals and microbes altered the chemical characteristics of nectar that limited microbial growth. Taken together, our results provide evidence that sexual dimorphism can have large effects on the structure of host-associated communities.
Data from: A new theory of plant-microbe nutrient competition resolves inconsistencies between observations and model predictions
Terrestrial plants assimilate anthropogenic CO2 through photosynthesis and synthesizing new tissues. However, sustaining these processes requires plants to compete with microbes for soil nutrients, which therefore calls for an appropriate understanding and modeling of nutrient competition mechanisms in Earth System Models (ESMs). Here, we survey existing plant-microbe competition theories and their implementations in Earth System Models (ESMs). We found no consensus regarding the representation of nutrient competition and that observational and theoretical support for current implementations are weak. To reconcile this situation, we applied the Equilibrium Chemistry Approximation (ECA) theory to plant-microbe nitrogen competition in a detailed grassland 15N tracer study and found that competition theories in current ESMs fail to capture observed patterns and the ECA prediction simplifies the complex nature of nutrient competition and quantitatively matches the 15N observations. Since plant carbon dynamics are strongly modulated by soil nutrient acquisition, we conclude that (1) predicted nutrient limitation effects on terrestrial carbon accumulation by existing ESMs may be biased and (2) our ECA-based approach may improve predictions by mechanistically representing plant-microbe nutrient competition.
Spatial variation in diet-microbe associations across populations of a generalist North American carnivore
1. Generalist species, by definition, exhibit variation in niche attributes that promote survival in changing environments. Increasingly, phenotypes previously associated with a species, particularly those with wide or expanding ranges, are dissolving and compelling greater emphasis on population-level characteristics. 2. In the present study, we assessed spatial variation in diet characteristics, gut microbiome, and the association between these two ecological traits across populations of coyotes (Canis latrans). We highlight the influence of the carnivore community in shaping these relationships, as the coyote varied from being an apex predator to a subordinate, mesopredator across sampled populations. 3. We implemented a scat survey across three distinct coyote populations in Michigan, USA. We used carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic values to reflect consumption patterns and trophic level, respectively. Corresponding samples were also paired with 16S rRNA sequencing to describe the microbial community and correlate with isotopic values. 4. Though consumption patterns were comparable, we found spatial variation in trophic level among coyote populations. Specifically, δ15N was highest where coyotes were the apex predator and lowest where coyotes co-occurred with gray wolves (Canis lupus). 5. The gut microbial community exhibited marked spatial variation across populations with the lowest OTU diversity found where coyotes occurred at their lowest trophic level. Bacteriodes and Fusobacterium dominated the microbiome and were positively correlated across all populations. We found no correlation between δ13C and microbial community attributes. However, positive associations between δ15N and specific microbial genera increased as coyotes ascended trophic levels. 6. Coyotes provide a model for exploring implications of niche plasticity because they are a highly adaptable, wide-ranging omnivore. As coyotes continue to vary in trophic position and expand their geographic range, we might expect increased divergence within their microbial community, changes in physiology, and alterations in behavior. 05-May-2020
Data from: Plant and soil microbe responses to light, warming and nitrogen addition in a temperate forest
1. Temperate forests across Europe and eastern North America have become denser since the 1950s due to less intensive forest management and global environmental changes such as nitrogen deposition and climate warming. Denser tree canopies result in lower light availability at the forest floor. This shade may buffer the effects of nitrogen deposition and climate warming on understorey plant communities. 2. We conducted an innovative in-situ field experiment to study the responses of co-occurring soil microbial and understorey plant communities to nitrogen addition, enhanced light availability, and experimental warming in a full-factorial design. 3. We determined the effects of multiple environmental drivers and their interactions on the soil microbial and understorey plant communities, and assessed to what extent the soil microbial and understorey plant communities co-vary. 4. High light led to lower biomass of the soil microbes (analysed by phospholipid fatty acids), but the soil microbial structure, i.e., the ratio of fungal biomass to bacterial biomass, was not affected by light availability. The composition of the soil bacterial community (analysed by high-throughput sequencing) was affected by both light availability and warming (and their interaction), but not by nitrogen addition. Yet, the number of unique operational taxonomic units was high in plots with nitrogen addition, and there were significant interactive effects of light and nitrogen addition. Light availability also determined the composition of the plant community; no effects of nitrogen addition and warming were observed. The soil bacterial and plant communities were co-structured, and light availability explained most variance of this co-structure. 5. We provide robust evidence for the key role of light in affecting both the soil microbial and plant communities in forest understoreys. Our results advocate for more multifactor global-change experiments that investigate the mechanism underlying the (in)direct effects of light on the plant–soil continuum in forests.
Data from: Microbe biogeography tracks water masses in a dynamic oceanic frontal system
PLEASE NOTE, THESE DATA ARE ALSO REFERRED TO IN ANOTHER PUBLICATION. PLEASE SEE http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160829. Dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, plays an important role in microbial biogeography. The distance–decay relationship is thought to be weak in habitats where dispersal is high, such as in the pelagic environment, where ocean currents facilitate microbial dispersal. Most studies of microbial community composition to date have observed little geographical heterogeneity on a regional scale (100 km). We present a study of microbial communities across a dynamic frontal zone in the southwest Indian Ocean and investigate the spatial structure of the microbes with respect to the different water masses separated by these fronts. We collected 153 samples of free-living microorganisms from five seamounts located along a gradient from subtropical to subantarctic waters and across three depth layers: (i) the sub-surface chlorophyll maximum (approx. 40 m), (ii) the bottom of the euphotic zone (approx. 200 m), and (iii) the benthic boundary layer (300–2000 m). Diversity and abundance of microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were assessed by amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Multivariate analyses showed that microbial communities were structured more strongly by depth than by latitude, with similar phyla occurring within each depth stratum across seamounts. The deep layer was homogeneous across the entire survey area, corresponding to the spread of Antarctic intermediate water. However, within both the sub-surface layer and the intermediate depth stratum there was evidence for OTU turnover across fronts. The microbiome of these layers appears to be divided into three distinct biological regimes corresponding to the subantarctic surface water, the convergence zone and subtropical. We show that microbial biogeography across depth and latitudinal gradients is linked to the water masses the microbes persist in, resulting in regional patterns of microbial biogeography that correspond to the regional scale physical oceanography.
An interaction between host and microbe genotypes determines colonization success of a key bumble bee gut microbiota member
<p><span>There has been a proliferation of studies demonstrating an organism's health is influenced by its microbiota. However, factors influencing beneficial microbe colonization and the evolution of these relationships remain understudied relative to host-pathogen interactions. Vertically transmitted beneficial microbes are predicted to show high levels of specificity in colonization, including genotype matching, which may transpire through coevolution. We investigate how host and bacterial genotypes influence colonization of a core coevolved microbiota member in bumble bees. The hindgut colonizing </span><i>Snodgrassella alvi</i><span> confers direct benefits, but, as an early colonizer, also facilitates the further development of a healthy microbiota. Due to predominantly vertical transmission promoting tight evolution between colonization factors of bacteria and host lineages, we predict that genotype-by-genotype interactions will determine successful colonization. Germ-free adult bees from seven bumble bee colonies (host genotypic units) were inoculated with one of six genetically distinct strains of </span><i>S. alvi</i><span>. Subsequent colonization within host-genotype and microbe-genotype combinations ranged from zero to one hundred percent, and an interaction between host and microbe genotypes determined colonization success. This novel finding of a genotype-by-genotype interaction determining colonization in an animal host-beneficial microbe system has implications for the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of host and microbe,</span><i> </i><span>including associated host-fitness benefits. </span></p>
Data from: Natural soil microbes alter flowering phenology and the intensity of selection on flowering time in a wild Arabidopsis relative
Plant phenology is known to depend on many different environmental variables, but soil microbial communities have rarely been acknowledged as possible drivers of flowering time. Here, we tested separately the effects of four naturally occurring soil microbiomes and their constituent soil chemistries on flowering phenology and reproductive fitness of Boechera stricta, a wild relative of Arabidopsis. Flowering time was sensitive to both microbes and the abiotic properties of different soils; varying soil microbiota also altered patterns of selection on flowering time. Thus, soil microbes potentially contribute to phenotypic plasticity of flowering time and to differential selection observed between habitats. We also describe a method to dissect the microbiome into single axes of variation that can help identify candidate organisms whose abundance in soil correlates with flowering time. This approach is broadly applicable to search for microbial community members that alter biological characteristics of interest.
Data from: The effect of rhizosphere microbes outweighs host plant genotype in reducing insect herbivory
Rhizosphere microbes affect plant performance, including plant resistance against insect herbivores; yet, a direct comparison of the relative influence of rhizosphere microbes vs. plant genotype on herbivory levels and on metabolites related to defense is lacking. In the crucifer Boechera stricta, we tested the effects of rhizosphere microbes and plant genotype on herbivore resistance, the primary metabolome, and select secondary metabolites. Plant populations differed significantly in the concentrations of 6 glucosinolates (GLS), secondary metabolites known to provide herbivore resistance in the Brassicaceae. The population with lower GLS levels experienced ~60% higher levels of aphid (Aphis spp.) attack; no association was observed between GLS and damage by a second herbivore, flea beetles (Altica spp.). Rhizosphere microbiome (disrupted vs. intact native microbiome) had no effect on plant GLS concentrations. However, aphid number and flea beetle damage were respectively ~3-fold and 7-fold higher among plants grown in the disrupted vs. intact native microbiome treatment. These differences may be attributable to shifts in primary metabolic pathways previously implicated in host defense against herbivores, including increases in pentose and glucoronate interconversion among plants grown with an intact microbiome. Further, native microbiomes with distinct community composition (as estimated from 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing) differed 2-fold in their effect on host plant susceptibility to aphids. The findings suggest that rhizosphere microbes, including distinct native microbiomes, can play a greater role than plant genotype in defense against insect herbivores, and act through metabolic mechanisms independent of plant genotype.
Beneficial microbes ameliorate abiotic and biotic sources of stress on plants
1. Global climate change and shifting land-use are increasing plant stress due to abiotic factors such as drought, heat, salinity and cold, as well as via the intensification of biotic stressors such as herbivores and pathogens. The ability of plants to tolerate such stresses is modulated by the bacteria and fungi that live on or inside of plant tissues and comprise the plant microbiome. However, the impacts of diverse classes of beneficial microbes and the contrasting stresses that impact plant performance are most commonly studied independently of each other. 2. Our meta-analysis of 288 experiments across 89 studies moves beyond previous studies in that we simultaneously compare the roles of bacterial versus fungal microbiome members that live within plant tissues and colonize plant surfaces in ameliorating biotic versus abiotic sources of plant stress. 3. The magnitude of microbial stress amelioration can be measured as the greater proportional impact of beneficial microbes on plant performance in more stressful environments. In the plant experiments we examine, the magnitude of microbial stress amelioration is substantial: it is 23% of the effect size of the typical impact of stress and 56% of the effect size of beneficial microbes in the absence of stress. 4. The amount of benefit microbes confer to plants differs among classes of microbes, depending on whether plants are grown in stressful or non-stressful environments. In the absence of stress, beneficial bacteria tend to confer greater plant benefits than do fungi. However, symbiotic fungi, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, more strongly ameliorate plant stress than do bacteria. In particular, beneficial microbes ameliorate salinity, foliar herbivory, and fungal pathogen stress. 5. These results highlight the fact that the impacts of beneficial and antagonistic components of the microbiome on plant performance depend on biotic and abiotic environmental contexts. Furthermore, beneficial microbiota are especially critical for plant health in stressful environments and thus present opportunities to mitigate negative consequences of global change.
Data from: Teasing apart plant community responses to N enrichment: the roles of resource limitation, competition and soil microbes
Although ecologists have documented the effects of nitrogen enrichment on productivity, diversity and species composition, we know little about the relative importance of the mechanisms driving these effects. We propose that distinct aspects of environmental change associated with N enrichment (resource limitation, asymmetric competition, and interactions with soil microbes) drive different aspects of plant response. We test this in greenhouse mesocosms, experimentally manipulating each factor across three ecosystems: tallgrass prairie, alpine tundra and desert grassland. We found that resource limitation controlled productivity responses to N enrichment in all systems. Asymmetric competition was responsible for diversity declines in two systems. Plant community composition was impacted by both asymmetric competition and altered soil microbes, with some contributions from resource limitation. Results suggest there may be generality in the mechanisms of plant community change with N enrichment. Understanding these links can help us better predict N response across a wide range of ecosystems.
Bacterial community richness shifts the balance between volatile organic compound-mediated microbe-pathogen and microbe-plant interactions
Even though bacteria are important in determining plant growth and health via volatile organic compounds (VOCs), it is unclear how these beneficial effects emerge in multi-species microbiomes. Here we studied this using a model plant-bacteria system, where we manipulated bacterial community richness and composition and determined the subsequent effects on VOC production and VOC-mediated pathogen suppression and plant growth-promotion. We assembled VOC-producing bacterial communities in different richness levels ranging from one to twelve strains using three soil-dwelling bacterial genera (Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Pseudomonas) and investigated how the composition and richness of bacterial community affect the production and functioning of VOCs. We found that VOC production correlated positively with pathogen suppression and plant growth-promotion and that all bacteria produced a diverse set of VOCs. However, while pathogen suppression was maximized at intermediate community richness levels when the relative amount and the number of VOCs were the highest, plant growth-promotion was maximized at low richness levels and was only affected by the relative amount of plant growth-promoting VOCs. The contrasting effects of richness could be explained by differences in the amount and number of produced VOCs and by opposing effects of community productivity and evenness on pathogen suppression and plant-growth promotion along the richness gradient. Together, these results suggest that the number of interacting bacterial species and the structure of the rhizosphere microbiome drive the balance between VOC-mediated microbe-pathogen and microbe-plant interactions potentially affecting plant disease outcomes in natural and agricultural ecosystems.
Data from: Diffuse symbioses: roles of plant–plant, plant–microbe and microbe–microbe interactions in structuring the soil microbiome
A conceptual model emphasizing direct host–microbe interactions has dominated work on host-associated microbiomes. To understand plant–microbiome associations, however, broader influences on microbiome composition and functioning must be incorporated, such as those arising from plant–plant and microbe–microbe interactions. We sampled soil microbiomes associated with target plant species (Andropogon gerardii, Schizachyrium scoparium, Lespedeza capitata, Lupinus perennis) grown in communities varying in plant richness (1-, 4-, 8- or 16-species). We assessed Streptomyces antagonistic activity and analysed bacterial and Streptomyces populations via 454 pyrosequencing. Host plant species and plant richness treatments altered networks of coassociation among bacterial taxa, suggesting the potential for host plant effects on the soil microbiome to include changes in microbial interaction dynamics and, consequently, co-evolution. Taxa that were coassociated in the rhizosphere of a given host plant species often showed consistent correlations between operational taxonomic unit (OTU) relative abundance and Streptomyces antagonistic activity, in the rhizosphere of that host. However, in the rhizosphere of a different host plant species, the same OTUs showed no consistency, or a different pattern of responsiveness to such biotic habitat characteristics. The diversity and richness of bacterial and Streptomyces communities exhibited distinct relationships with biotic and abiotic soil characteristics. The rhizosphere soil microbiome is influenced by a complex and nested array of factors at varying spatial scales, including plant community, plant host, soil edaphics and microbial taxon and community characteristics.
Data from: Bouncing Back: plant-associated soil microbes respond rapidly to prairie establishment
It is well established that soil microbial communities change in response to altered land use and land cover, but less is known about the timing of these changes. Understanding temporal patterns in recovering microbial communities is an important part of improving how we assess and manage reconstructed ecosystems. We assessed patterns of community-level microbial diversity and abundance in corn and prairie plots 2 to 4 years after establishment in agricultural fields, using phospholipid fatty acid biomarkers. Principal components analysis of the lipid biomarkers revealed differing composition between corn and prairie soil microbial communities. Despite no changes to the biomass of Gram-positive bacteria and actinomycetes, total biomass, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biomass, and Gram-negative bacteria biomass were significantly higher in restored prairie plots, approaching levels found in long-established prairies. These results indicate that plant-associated soil microbes in agricultural soils can shift in less than 2 years after establishment of perennial grasslands.
Integrating Metagenomic and Metabolomic Insights into Host-Microbe Connections for Gut-Lung Axis in Childhood Asthma
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset for: Relative contribution of high and low elevation soil microbes and nematodes to ecosystem functioning
<ol> <li><span>Ecosystem productivity is largely dependent on soil nutrient cycling which, in turn, is driven by decomposition rates governed by locally-adapted belowground microbial and invertebrate communities. How climate change will impact soil biota and the correlated ecosystem functioning, however, remains largely an open question.</span></li> <li><span>To address this challenge, we first characterized the functional identity of soil microbial and nematode communities originated from the foothills or in the sub-alpine soils of the Alps, and then, using a full-factorial reciprocal transplant common garden experiment at two elevations, we asked whether soil biota from low elevation were more prone in generating nutrient cycling than high elevation soil biota. Specifically, we separately transplanted soil microbial and nematode to community from low and high elevation in their home or opposite elevation in pots added with a common plant community. </span></li> <li><span>We found evidence for ecotypic and functional differentiation of the microbial and nematode communities growing in. We also observed a decrease in microbial diversity and activity at high elevation, and additionally, through nematodes' functional characterization, we found increased fungal-dominated energy channels at high elevation. </span></li> <li><span>Moreover, while we found little effect of soil biodiversity change based on elevation of origin on plant productivity, soils inoculated with microbes originating from low elevation respired more than those originating at high elevation. This observation correlates well with the observed faster carbon degradation rates by the low-elevation microbial communities. </span></li> <li><span>Climate change can reshuffle soil invertebrate communities depending on organism-specific variation in range expansion, ultimately affecting soil fertility and vegetation productivity.</span></li> </ol>
Physiologic, Genomic and Electrochemical Characterization of two heterotrophic marine sediment microbes from the Idiomarina genus
<p><em>Idiomarina</em> strain S11 on ITO plated glass electrodes stained with a lipid stain (FM<sup>TM</sup> 4-64FX) and provided RedoxSensor<sup>TM</sup> Green (RSG). Video show back-to-back fixed location on the electrode with loose attachment of cells in clumpy biofilms. Each frame taken at 5 min intervals. As indicated in the video, voltage at the electrode is decreased from -400 mV vs. Ag/AgCl to a -600 mV Ag/AgCl, which qualitatively corresponds to an increase in RSG fluorescence, though this could not be accurately quantified given the shifting focal plane<strong>.</strong></p>
Raw data: Soil microbes drive aboveground plant–pathogen–insect interactions
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Plants interact with a large diversity of microbes and insects, both below and above ground. While studies have shown that belowground microbes affect the performance of plants and aboveground organisms, we lack insights into how belowground microbial communities may shape interactions between aboveground pathogens and insects. We investigated how soil microbiomes and aboveground organisms affect plant growth and development, and whether differences in soil microbiomes influence interactions between aboveground organisms. We conducted a growth-chamber experiment with oak seedlings (<em>Quercus robur</em>) growing in three soils with similar abiotic soil properties but with distinct natural soil microbiomes.</span> Seedlings were subjected to single or dual attack by powdery mildew (<em>Erysiphe alphitoides</em>) and aphids (<em>Tuberculatus annulatus</em>), either in the presence or absence of prior attack by a free-feeding caterpillar (<em>Phalera bucephala</em>). <span>Soil microbiomes were associated with differences in seedling height, and seedlings with multiple aboveground organisms had more but smaller leaves than healthy seedlings. The soil microbiome affected the severity of powdery mildew infection, and mediated the impact of co-occurring aboveground organisms on aphid population size. Our study highlights that plant performance is affected by natural soil microbiomes as well as aboveground organisms, and that natural soil microbiomes can affect interactions between pathogens and insects. These findings are important to understand species interactions in natural systems, as well as for practical applications, such as manipulation of soil microbiomes to manage agricultural pests and diseases.</span></p>
Immune assay data for Lycaeides melissa larvae reared on different host plants and with/without egg microbes
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"><span>1.<span> </span></span><span>Maternally transmitted microbes are ubiquitous. In insects, maternal microbes can play a role in mediating the insect immune response. </span><span>Less is known about how ecological factors, such as resource use, interact with maternal microbes to affect immunity. </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span>2.<span> </span></span><span>In the context of a recent colonization of a novel host plant by the Melissa blue butterfly (<em>Lycaeides melissa</em>), we investigated the interaction between host plant use and vertically transmitted, extracellular egg-associated microbes in determining the strength of the insect immune response. </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span>3.<span> </span></span><span>We reared larvae on two different host plant species: a native host <em>Astragalus canadensis</em> and a novel host <em>Medicago sativa</em>. Egg-associated microbes were removed through a series of antimicrobial egg washes prior to hatching. Immune response was measured through three assays: standing phenoloxidase (PO), total PO, and melanization. </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span>4.<span> </span></span><span>We detected strong effects of microbial removal. Egg washing resulted in larvae with an increased immune response as measured by total PO- contrary to reports from other taxa. The effect of washing was especially strong for larvae consuming the native host plant. </span></p> <p> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><span>5.<span> </span></span><span>This result may explain why consumption of the egg casing is not a universal behaviour in insects, due to negative effects on larval immunity. </span></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.