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Fig. 3. A in Sugarcane stem borers of the Colombian Cauca River Valley: current pest status, biology, and control

Fig. 3. A. "Dead heart" in sugarcane caused by Diatraea sp. (photo M. Rodríguez), and B. bored internode by Diatraea sp. can disrupt apical dominance and promote growth of multiple lateral shoots, diverting resources from sucrose synthesis to vegetative growth (photo AE Bustillo).

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Fig. 2 in Sugarcane stem borers of the Colombian Cauca River Valley: current pest status, biology, and control

Fig. 2. Larvae of 4 Diatraea species present in Colombia. A. D. saccharalis; B. D. indigenella; C. D. tabernella; D. D. busckella. In general, larvae of D. saccharalis exhibit a well-sclerotized set of setal plates along their length, whereas the setal plates are ofen less distinguishable in D. indigenella due to dark, longitudinal dorsal stripes. Larvae of D. tabernella possess a distinctive set of blackish setal plates and adjacent purple spots that resemble transverse lines, which are absent in D. busckella (photos L. A. Lastra).

Fig. IV in Scanning electron microscope observations on the antennal sensilla of two stored grain pests Trogoderma granarium and Trogoderma variabile (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Fig. IV (1–4). Comparisons of antennal sensilla between Trogoderma species and sexual genders. 1. Male and female sensilla of T. granarium; 2. Male and female sensilla of T. variabile; 3. Male antenna of T. granarium and T. variabile; and 4. Female antenna of T. granarium and T. variabile.

Fig. II in Scanning electron microscope observations on the antennal sensilla of two stored grain pests Trogoderma granarium and Trogoderma variabile (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Fig. II (1–9). Antennal sensilla of T. granarium. 1. SC1: sensilla chaetica 1 bar = 5.0 μm; 2. SC2: sensilla chaetica 2, bar = 15.0 μm; 3. SC3: sensilla chaetica 3, bar = 17.2 μm; 4. SB1: sensilla basiconica 1, bar = 2.0 μm; 5. SB2: sensilla basiconica 2, bar = 3.0 μm; 6. SB3: sensilla basiconica 3, bar = 3.0 μm; 7. SB4: sensilla basiconica 4, bar = 2.0 μm; 8. SB5: sensilla basiconica 5, bar = 2.5 μm; and 9. BB: Böhm bristles, bar = 2.3 μm.

Fig. I in Scanning electron microscope observations on the antennal sensilla of two stored grain pests Trogoderma granarium and Trogoderma variabile (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Fig. I (1–4). Full views of antenna of T. granarium and T. variabile. 1. Antenna of female T. granarium; 2. Antenna of male T. granarium; 3. Antenna of female T. variabile;and 4. Antenna of male T. variabile.

Fig. III (1–9). Antennal sensilla of T. variabile. 1. SC1: sensilla chaetica 1, bar = 3.0 μm; 2. SC2: sensilla chaetica 2; SC3: sensilla chaetica 3, bar = 8.6 μm; 3. SC2: sensilla chaetica 2, bar = 15 μm; 4. SC3: sensilla chaetica 3, bar = 15.0 μm; 5. SB1: sensilla basiconica 1, bar = 3.0 μm; 6. SB2: sensilla basiconica 2, bar = 4.3 μm; 7. SB5: sensilla basiconica 5, bar = 4.3 μm; 8. SCo: sensilla coeloconica, bar = 1.5 μm; and 9. BB: Böhm bristle, bar = 6.0 μm. in Scanning electron microscope observations on the antennal sensilla of two stored grain pests Trogoderma granarium and Trogoderma variabile (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Fig. III (1–9). Antennal sensilla of T. variabile. 1. SC1: sensilla chaetica 1, bar = 3.0 μm; 2. SC2: sensilla chaetica 2; SC3: sensilla chaetica 3, bar = 8.6 μm; 3. SC2: sensilla chaetica 2, bar = 15 μm; 4. SC3: sensilla chaetica 3, bar = 15.0 μm; 5. SB1: sensilla basiconica 1, bar = 3.0 μm; 6. SB2: sensilla basiconica 2, bar = 4.3 μm; 7. SB5: sensilla basiconica 5, bar = 4.3 μm; 8. SCo: sensilla coeloconica, bar = 1.5 μm; and 9. BB: Böhm bristle, bar = 6.0 μm.

Fig. 2 in Crop diversification for sustainable insect pest management in eggplant (Solanales: Solanaceae)

Fig. 2. Total ion current (TIC) mode chromatographic plot of marigold leaf volatiles sampled using the thermal desorption (TD) technique.

Fig. 3 in Crop diversification for sustainable insect pest management in eggplant (Solanales: Solanaceae)

Fig. 3. Total ion current (TIC) mode chromatographic plot of mint leaf volatiles sampled using the thermal desorption (TD) technique.

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Рис. 3. Распространение Deroceras caucasicum на островах Зал. Петра Великого. Зараженные территории обоЗначены красными точками. in Expansion of an invasive pest slug, Deroceras caucasicum (Simroth, 1901) in Primorsky Krai during 1996-2016

Рис. 3. Распространение Deroceras caucasicum на островах Зал. Петра Великого. Зараженные территории обоЗначены красными точками.

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Рис. 1. Распространение Deroceras caucasicum в материковой части Приморского краЯ. Зараженные территории обоЗначены красными точками. in Expansion of an invasive pest slug, Deroceras caucasicum (Simroth, 1901) in Primorsky Krai during 1996-2016

Рис. 1. Распространение Deroceras caucasicum в материковой части Приморского краЯ. Зараженные территории обоЗначены красными точками.

Fig. 4 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 4. Temporal dynamics of predator insect diversity (a, diversity index; b, evenness index; c, dominance index; and d, species richness) in rice plots with various treatments (1 application per season).

Fig. 1 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 1. Effects of Virtako on planthopper abundance (mean number ± SE). Means followed by the same lowercase letter are not significantly different (ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test, P> 0.05).

Fig. 3 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 3. Temporal dynamics of total numbers of predators per 50 hills where insecticide was applied (a) as a single application or (b) as 2 applications to rice plots.

Fig. 5 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 5. Temporal dynamics of predator insect diversity (a, diversity index; b, evenness index; c, dominance index; and d, species richness) in rice plots with various treatments (2 applications per season).

Fig. 2 in Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China

Fig. 2. Effects of Virtako on rice leaffolder abundance (mean number ± SE). Means followed by the same lowercase letter are not significantly different (ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test, P> 0.05).

Fig. 3 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 3. Effect of gamma irradiation on (a) the percentage of active apyrene sperm, and (b) the intensity of active sperm (no. of undulations/s) in virgin irradiated parental (P) male Spodoptera litura.

Fig. 2b in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 2b. Eupyrene sperm bundles descent from the testes to the reproductive tract (upper vasa deferentia (UVD), seminal vesicles (SV) and the duplex) of irradiated male Spodoptera litura and their F1 progeny during the photophase (white bars)and the scotophase (black bars). Means ± SE followed by the same capital letter within white bars, or within black bars within each treatment regimen of sperm descent in the UVD, SV and duplex are not significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD post-test). Means ± SE followed by a different small letter between white bar and black bar, within each age group within a regimen are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD posttest).

Fig. 2a in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 2a. Loose apyrene sperm descent from the testes to the reproductive tract [upper vasa deferentia (UVD), seminal vesicles (SV) and the duplex] of irradiated male Spodoptera litura and their F1 progeny during the photophase (white bars) and the scotophase (black bars). Means ± SE followed by the same capital letter within white bars, or within black bars for each treatment regimen of sperm descent in the UVD, SV and duplex are not significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD post-test). Means ± SE followed by different small letter between the white bars and black bars, within each age group within a regimen are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (ANOVA followed by LSD posttest).

Fig. 1 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 1. Reproductive system of male moth, Spodoptera litura. The ductus ejaculatorius simplex is also known as the prostatic part. Sperm pass through the prostatic part at the onset of mating and acquire motility for the first time.

Fig. 4 in Appraisal of sperm dynamics as a crucial trait of radio- sterilized Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its F progeny for evaluation of the 'inherited sterility technique' for pest suppression

Fig. 4. Effect of gamma irradiation on (a) the percentage of active apyrene sperm and (b) the intensity of active sperm (no. of undulations /s) in virgin irradiated parental (P) male Spodoptera litura and their F1progeny.