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583 results for “plant distributions”
Plant Community Formation and Species Distribution Patterns in relation to environmental variables in Endiras Natural Forest, Fogera District, South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
<p>We need to deposit the data for the manuscript entitled plant community formation and species distribution patterns in relation to environmental variables in Endiras forest, Fogera District, South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia so as to be cited easily </p>
The Prairie State: Using Ecological Niche Modeling to Predict Distributions of Early Land Plants
<p>This data includes raw data of over 12,000 occurrences were downloaded from the<strong> Consortium of Bryophyte Herbaria (<a href="http://www.bryophyteportal.org/portal">www.bryophyteportal.org/portal</a>), </strong>that were listed to be in Illinois and included longitude and latitude data. This data set was screened and cleaned to investigate species distribution models as well as generate models of selected bryophytes investigating future changes in distribution across climate change scenarios.</p>
Effects of climate change on the distribution of plant species and plant functional strategies on the Canary Islands
<p>Occurrence data:</p> <p>We used occurrence data from the Banco de Datos de Biodiversidad de Canarias, an open-access database, for single-island endemic (SIE; n = 325), archipelago endemic (AE; n = 234) and definitely non-endemic native (NEN; n = 149) extant seed plant species (excluding subspecies), in a raster of 500 m x 500 m grid cells covering the Canary Islands (<a href="https://www.biodiversidadcanarias.es/biota/">https://www.biodiversidadcanarias.es/biota/</a>) [<em>accessed 14/03/2022</em>]. The database includes all species listed in the checklist of the Banco de Datos de Biodiversidad de Canarias, across 31,628 grid cell assemblages. Species range in occurrence from 1 to 4,466 cells. We only retrieved occurrences for which a species has been certainly observed or collected (precision level 1 of four levels). The Banco de Datos de Biodiversidad de Canarias provides presence-only information that is spatially biased by sampling effort (Hortal et al., 2007). However, the sampling bias of SIEs, AEs, and NENs is less than for species overall because studies incorporated into the database involved focus on, and extensive sampling of, endemic and non-endemic native species (<a href="https://www.biodiversidadcanarias.es/biota/documentos">https://www.biodiversidadcanarias.es/biota/documentos</a>). We considered a species (pseudo-)absent if it was not recorded at a site, although we recognise that there is debate as to whether this truly represents absences.</p>
Data and R code used in: Plant geographic distribution influences chemical defenses in native and introduced Plantago lanceolata populations
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The diversity and distribution of introduced plant species reflects eight thousand years of settlement history
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The distribution of plant consumption traits across habitat types and the patterns of fruit availability suggest a mechanism of coexistence of two sympatric frugivorous mammals
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Data and code for: Plants with higher dispersal capabilities follow ‘abundant-centre’ distributions but such patterns remain rare in animals
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Data from: Temporal distribution of endophytic and exophytic insect guilds responds to host plant phenology in the Brazilian Savannah
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Plant survey of current vegetation of Sonoran desert plant community distribution in mountain parks in central Arizona-Phoenix, August 1999.
This study represents an effort to map the distribution of plant community types across the Central Arizona - Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAP-LTER) site centered in metropolitan Phoenix using Landsat ETM data. Vegetation classification was carried out using field data collected from within the study area describing woody plant species. A system was devised which represented a compromise between providing floristic information and enabling maximum spectral discrimination between community types. Image classification used reference spectra derived from training sites in the field and was carried out on subsets defined by soil surface texture in order to control for the strong background soil signature inherent to arid regions. While groundtruthing revealed that vegetation on clayey soils was mapped to 91% accuracy, other sections produced maps with less accuracy. The results of this study demonstrate that image classification of desert vegetation using only Landsat ETM data is problematic and may not be practical without other supporting data, such as radar imaging.
Plant Survey of Current Vegetation: MAP OF SONORAN DESERT PLANT COMMUNITY DISTRIBUTION IN THE CAPLTER STUDY AREA, PHOENIX, ARIZONA
This study represents an effort to map the distribution of plant community types across the Central Arizona - Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAP-LTER) site centered in metropolitan Phoenix using Landsat ETM data. Vegetation classification was carried out using field data collected from within the study area describing woody plant species. A system was devised which represented a compromise between providing floristic information and enabling maximum spectral discrimination between community types. Image classification used reference spectra derived from training sites in the field and was carried out on subsets defined by soil surface texture in order to control for the strong background soil signature inherent to arid regions. While groundtruthing revealed that vegetation on clayey soils was mapped to 91% accuracy, other sections produced maps with less accuracy. The results of this study demonstrate that image classification of desert vegetation using only Landsat ETM data is problematic and may not be practical without other supporting data, such as radar imaging.This project attempts to produce a vegetation distribution map across undeveloped parcels of outlying desert wilderness, as well as remnant mountain parks throughout the city, contained within the Central Arizona Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAPLTER) study area. This effort seeks to create the first successful classification map of Sonoran Desert vegetation derived from satellite imagery. The map would also be the first fine-scale map of plant community types in the Phoenix region. The depiction would allow for a calculation of the land area covered by each vegetation class, and which communities are exposed to development pressures. This map potentially provides a basis from which researchers can measure vegetative biomass distribution across the landscape and attempt to incorporate this component into ecological models of energy flows and biogeochemical cycling in the CAP-LTER site. I
Data from: Foundation species promote local adaptation and fine-scale distribution of herbaceous plants
<p><span><span><span>1) Interactions among neighbors can alter demography and traits of commingled species via adaptation or plasticity in phenotypic expression and understanding these two mechanisms in diverse communities is important for determining the ecological and evolutionary consequences of plant–plant interactions. </span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>2) We reciprocally transplanted perennial species (<i>Arenaria armerina</i> and <i>Festuca indigesta</i>) among patches of two foundation shrub species and open ground to assess whether origin microsite (defined as the spatially distinct abiotic and biotic conditions associated with the two shrubs and open ground) determines germination, recruitment and growth that, in turn, promotes fine-scale distribution of species among microsites. In addition, we tested the effect of origin microsite on traits, competitive ability, drought tolerance and outlier loci to assess whether origin microsite conditions drove differences in traits, strategies and adaptive loci.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span>3) Germination was consistently greater for seeds planted back into their origin microsite relative to seeds sourced from foreign microsites, although this effect was weakened for recruitment. Plant growth was best in open sites regardless of origin microsite. In the greenhouse, <i>A.</i> <i>armerina</i> had conserved traits within origin microsite but distinct trait values among microsite conditions, specifically for plants originating from the most productive microsite (e.g. sufficient light and high nutrients and water availability). <i>Festuca indigesta</i> had conserved trait responses among microsites while within microsite, individuals had significant trait plasticity to different environmental conditions. The combined field and greenhouse results suggest that fine-scale distributions are supported by local adaptation among microsites of <i>A.</i> <i>armerina </i>and phenotypic plasticity of <i>F.</i> <i>indigesta</i>.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><i>Synthesis </i>Adaptation or plasticity in phenotypic expression have different implications for demographic rate and persistence of species in changing environments. Local adaptation to neighbors suggests that reductions in foundation species diversity could concomitantly lead to reduced genetic diversity of commingled species while a plastic response indicates a more robust and broad response to changing climatic and biotic conditions.</span></span></span></p>
Influence of climate, soil and land cover on plant species distribution in the European Alps
<p>Although the importance of edaphic factors and habitat structure for plant growth and survival is known, both are often neglected in favor of climatic drivers when investigating the spatial patterns of plant species and diversity. Yet, especially in mountain ecosystems with complex topography, missing edaphic and habitat components may be detrimental for a sound understanding of biodiversity distribution. Here, we compare the relative importance of climate, soil and land cover variables when predicting the distributions of 2'616 vascular plant species in the European Alps, representing approximately two thirds of all European Flora. Using presence-only data, we built point-process models (PPMs) to relate species observations to different combinations of covariates. We evaluated the PPMs through block cross-validations, and assessed the independent contributions of climate, soil and land cover covariates to predict plant species distributions using an innovative predictive partitioning approach. We found climate to be the most influential driver of spatial patterns in plant species with a relative influence of ~58.5% across all species, with decreasing importance from low to high elevations. Soil (~20.1%) and land cover (~21.4%), overall, were less influential than climate, but increased in importance along the elevation gradient. Furthermore, land cover showed strong local effects in lowlands, while the contribution of soil stabilized at mid-elevations. The decreasing influence of climate with elevation is explained by increasing endemism, and the fact that climate becomes more homogeneous as habitat diversity declines at higher altitudes. In contrast, soil predictors were found to follow the opposite trend. Additionally, at low elevations, human-mediated land cover effects appear to reduce the importance of climate predictors. We conclude that soil and land cover are, like climate, principal drivers of plant species distribution in the European Alps. While disentangling their effects remains a challenge, future studies can benefit markedly by including soil and land cover effects when predicting species distributions.</p>
Climate and plant structure determine the spatiotemporal butterfly distribution in a tropical mountain
Mountains are among the most powerful natural gradients for testing ecological and evolutionary responses of biota to environmental influences because differences in climate and plant structure occur over short spatial scales. We describe the spatiotemporal distribution patterns and drives of fruit-feeding butterfly diversity on the mountaineous region of Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Seven elevations from 822 to 1388 m were selected for evaluating the effects of abiotic factors and vegetation characteristics on butterfly diversity. A total of 44 fruit-feeding butterfly species were recorded in a two-years study. Species richness (local and regional) of fruit-feeding butterflies decreased with increasing elevation. The interaction between temperature or humidity and precipitation influenced the abundance and β-diversity of butterflies in the altitudinal gradient, while β-diversity decreased with increasing plant richness. Butterfly richness (local and regional) and β-diversity varied with the sampling period, with fewer species in July (2012 and 2013), dry period, as expected for Neotropical insects. β-diversity in space and time was due to species replacement (turnover), indicating that butterfly composition differs throughout the mountain and over time. In summary, climate and plant richness largely influenced butterfly diversity in the altitudinal gradient. Climatic changes in conjunction with increasing anthropic impacts in mountainous regions of southeast Brazil will likely influence the community of mountaintop butterflies in Espinhaço Mountain Range.
Plant species distribution survey and its explanatory variables
<p>Ten common herbaceous species were selected based on a survey of a 6.4-km² upstream catchment named « Bourdic » in southern France. Approximately 74 % of the catchment is agricultural (mainly vineyards), and 26 % is semi-natural (mainly woodlands and shrubs). The catchment has a Mediterranean climate with heavy rainfalls causing significant Hortonian runoff. The mean annual temperature is 14°C, and precipitation ranges from 600 to 800 mm per year with a drier period from March to October. Annual potential evapotranspiration is about 1100 mm. The altitude ranges from 55 a.s.l. at the outlet at the northeast to 128 m a.s.l. at the northwest.</p> <p>The surveys were conducted in July-August 2013 according to a non-destructive sampling procedure using GPS with an Android self-developed application; this enabled a location accuracy of 2 m. Agricultural ditches, including roadside ditches, were part of the study. Thirty-five kilometres of the drainage network (46%) were surveyed for presence/absence of the species. The remaining ditches were excluded from the analysis because surveying them was impractical or because recent management practices impaired species identification. After the survey, the georeferenced data were exported in a shapefile data format with line features.</p> <p>Also, explanatory variables of the dataset were reported, such as the geomorphological variables at the landscape scale that included the distance to the outlet (<strong>Doutlet</strong>), the drained surface area (<strong>Drain</strong>), the Multiresolution Index of Valley Bottom Flatness (<strong>Mrvbf</strong>), and the sun exposure of the slopes (<strong>Northness</strong>). The geomorphological variables at the local (ditch) scale were the slope (<strong>Slope</strong>) and solar radiation (<strong>Solar</strong>). All these variables are derived from a Digital Elevation Model (MNT) and a Digital Surface Model (MNS) taken in 2001 using an aerial lidar.</p> <p>We added also the distance to natural lands (<strong>Dnat</strong>) and distance to roads (<strong>Droad</strong>) on the basis of the manual classification of an orthophoto of the area taken in 2012.</p>
Experimental Investigation of the Bubble Size Distribution in a Mini Plant Batch Bubble Column With Variation of Gas Flux, Bubble Column Height and Composition of the Liquid Phase
<p>This data set contains bubble size distributions (BSD) measured in a dN = 100 mm mini-plant batch bubble column. The BSD were measured using the optical multimode online probe. The liquid holdup, the feed gas volume flow rate/flux, the composition of the liquid phase (water or aqueous solutions of NaCl, EtOH, glycerol or Na2SO3) and the measuring position in the bubble column were varied. </p>
Data and R code used in Alonso-Crespo et al (2024) Exploring priority and year effects on plant diversity, productivity and vertical root distribution: first insights from a grassland field experiment
<p>This release contains the raw data, R code, and RootPainter model supporting the results described in Alonso-Crespo et al (2024) Exploring priority and year effects on plant diversity, productivity and vertical root distribution: first insights from a grassland field experiment.</p>
The global distribution of plants used by humans datasets: list of utilised species, occurrence data and model outputs at 10 arc-minutes spatial resolution
<p>Datasets and model outputs used to map the global distribution of utilised plants by humans. The folder is composed of two subfolders <em>raw_data</em> and <em>processed_data</em> containing respectively the list of utilised plant species modelled -<em>utilised_plants_species_list.csv</em>-, and their occurrence data -<em>occurrence_data.zip-</em> and predicted distribution -<em>species_proba_per_cell.rds-.</em></p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>The file <em>utilised_plants_species_list.csv</em> in the <em>raw_data</em> folder contains a<strong> </strong>list of 35687 plant species (and hybrids) used by humans and 10 plant use categories with the following 14 fields:</li> </ul> <p><strong>plant_ID:<em> </em></strong>plant identifier number ranging from between 1-35687</p> <p><strong>binomial_acc_name:</strong> binomial accepted name of the plant species</p> <p><strong>author_acc_name</strong>: name of the author(s)</p> <p><strong>is_hybrid:</strong> logical TRUE or FALSE indicating whether the species is an hybrid or not.</p> <p><strong>AnimalFood:</strong> forage and fodder for vertebrate animals only.</p> <p><strong>EnvironmentalUses:</strong> examples include intercrops and nurse crops, ornamentals, barrier hedges, shade plants, windbreaks, soil improvers, plants for revegetation and erosion control, wastewater purifiers, indicators of the presence of metals, pollution, or underground water.</p> <p><strong>Fuels:</strong> charcoal, petroleum substitutes, fuel alcohols, etc. Given the importance of energy plants for people, those were distinguished from Materials.</p> <p><strong>GeneSources:</strong> wild relatives of major crops which may possess traits associated with biotic or abiotic resistance and may be valuable for breeding programs.</p> <p><strong>HumanFood:</strong> food for humans only, including beverages and food additives.</p> <p><strong>InvertebrateFood:</strong> plants consumed by invertebrates used by humans, such as bees, silkworms, lac insects and edible grubs.</p> <p><strong>Materials:</strong> woods, fibers, cork, cane, tannins, latex, resins, gums, waxes, oils, lipids, etc. and their derived products.</p> <p><strong>Medicines:</strong> both human and veterinary.</p> <p><strong>Poisons:</strong> plants which are poisonous to both vertebrates and invertebrates, both accidentally and intentionally, e.g., for hunting and fishing, molluscicides, herbicides, insecticides.</p> <p><strong>SocialsUses:</strong> plants used for social purposes, which cannot be defined as food or medicine, for instance, masticatories, smoking materials, narcotics, hallucinogens and psychoactive drugs, and plants with ritual or religious significance.</p> <p><strong>Totals:</strong> total number of uses recorded for a species</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>The zipfile <em>occurrence_data.zip</em> in the <em>processed_data</em> folder contains 35687 Comma Separated Values (CSV) files, one for each species, containing curated geographic occurrence records used to build species distribution models with the following 14 fields:</li> </ul> <p><strong>Species:</strong> the binomial accepted name of the species</p> <p><strong>Fullname:</strong> same as species</p> <p><strong>decimalLongitude:</strong> the geographic longitude of the occurrence records of the species in decimal degrees</p> <p><strong>decimalLatitude:</strong> the geographic latitude of the occurrence records of the species in decimal degrees</p> <p><strong>countryCode:</strong> a three-letter standard abbreviation for the country of the occurrence locality</p> <p><strong>coordinateUncertaintyinMeters</strong>: indicator for the accuracy of the coordinate location, described as the radius of a circle around the stated point location</p> <p><strong>year:</strong> year of the observation of the occurrence record of the species</p> <p><strong>individualCount:</strong> the number of individuals present at the time of the observation</p> <p><strong>gbifID:</strong> unique identifier number for the occurrence from the original database</p> <p><strong>basisOfRecords:</strong> the type of the individual record, e.g. observation, physical specimen, fossil, living ex-situ, culture collection specimen</p> <p><strong>institutionCode</strong>: the name of the institution or organization listed as the data publisher on GBIF</p> <p><strong>establishmentMeans:</strong> statement about whether an organism has been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans</p> <p><strong>is_cultivated_observation:</strong> whether or not an organism is cultivated</p> <p><strong>sourceID:</strong> name of the source database</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>The file <em>species_proba_per_cell.rds</em> in the <em>processed_data</em> folder is<em> a R Data Serialization </em>(RDS) file containing a data.table object with the following 3 fields:</li> </ul> <p><strong>plant_ID:</strong><em> </em>plant identifier number ranging from between 1-35687</p> <p><strong>proba:</strong> species occurrence probability</p> <p><strong>cell:</strong><em> </em>raster grid cell number between 1-2251762</p> <p>This object can be used in combination with a raster layer to reconstruct the modelled distribution of each species or retrieve species richness and endemism.</p>
Incorporating plant phenological responses into species distribution models (SDMs) reduces estimates of future species loss and turnover
<p>Anthropogenetic climate change has caused distribution shifts of many species, and species distribution models (SDMs) are central for documenting this relationship. However, most SDMs rarely consider the evolution of climate-sensitive functional traits, such as phenology, which strongly affect species fitness. Using >120,000 herbarium specimens representing 360 plant species across the eastern United States, we developed a novel "phenology-informed" SDM that integrates dynamic phenological responses to changing climates. Compared to standard SDMs, our phenology-informed SDMs forecast lower species habitat loss and less species turnover under climate change. These results suggest that phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation in phenology may help species adjust their ecological niches and persist in their habitats under rapid environmental change. Our findings reveal how phenology variation mediates species distributions and affects regional biodiversity patterns. Our newly developed model also circumvents the need for mechanistic models, facilitating the deployment of trait-based SDMs across unprecedented spatial and taxonomic scales.</p>
Directional selection shifts trait distributions of planted species in dryland restoration
<p>1. The match between species trait values and local abiotic filters can restrict community membership. An often-implicit assumption of this relationship is that abiotic filters select for a single locally optimal strategy, though difficulty in isolating effects of the abiotic environment from those of dispersal limitation and biotic interactions has resulted in few empirical tests of this assumption. Similar constraints have made it difficult to assess whether the type and intensity of abiotic filters shift along gradients of environmental harshness, as predicted by the stress dominance hypothesis.</p> <p>2. We planted 9,216 plants of perennial grass and forb species that had a range of functional trait values and were assigned to a warm, intermediate, or cool temperature tolerance pools across eight sites on the Colorado Plateau. We compared the distributions of traits of surviving individuals to null distributions to evaluate whether there were shifts in trait means and variation. Borrowing from phenotypic selection concepts in evolutionary biology, we assessed support for stabilizing, directional, and disruptive abiotic filtering of trait distributions and whether these types of filtering varied with initial species pool.</p> <p>3. Functional composition was significantly different from null distributions for nearly all traits at all sites, with trait variation more restricted in harsher abiotic conditions, supporting the stress-dominance hypothesis. Contrary to expectations, we primarily found evidence for directional selection, which increased in frequency in warm species pools while disruptive selection was found more often in cool and intermediate species pools.</p> <p>4. Synthesis: This study provides a controlled experimental approach to test the effect of the abiotic environment on plant trait filtering. We found that opportunistic strategies allowing for rapid water acquisition during favorable periods improved survival at warmer sites. Species with these strategies may be expected to benefit from increasing aridity and may be selected for active management efforts. More generally, the prevalence of directional selection may have important implications for dynamic vegetation models that rely on trait distributions for translating environmental variation into ecosystem processes.</p>
The distribution and impact of an invasive plant species (Senecio inaequidens) on a dune building engineer (Calamagrostis arenaria)
<p>These data sets are used to run the analyses in the paper '<em>The distribution and impact of an invasive plant species (</em>Senecio inaequidens<em>) on a dune building engineer (</em>Calamagrostis arenaria<em>)</em>' by Van De Walle et al., 2022, Neobiota (in progress).</p> <p>The presence/absence data (PA) of <em>Senecio inaequidens</em> in European coastal dunes can be found in 'Senecio_PA.xlsx', in the tab 'senecio_PA', together with the country and location where the occurrences were mapped. All coordinates of the samples are available in the tab 'coordinates samples'.</p> <p>'Marram_growth_experiment.xlsx' contains the data gathered during the growth experiment. The origin of the sand is subdivided in 3 columns: 'Location' represents the location along the Belgian coast where sand was gathered, 'senecio' represents whether sand was gathered from underneath a senecio plant or not and 'biota' represents whether biota could affect marram grass growth (biota = 0 thus means that the sand was sterilized).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Disturbance is thought to enhance the probability of invasive species establishment, a prerequisite for naturalization. Coastal dunes are characterized by disturbance in the form of sand dynamics. We studied the effect of this disturbance on the establishment and spread of an invasive plant species (<em>Senecio inaequidens</em>) in European coastal dunes. Local sand dynamics dictate the spatial configuration of marram grass (<em>Calamagrostis arenaria</em>). Therefore, marram grass configuration was used as a reliable proxy for disturbance. As marram grass plays a crucial role in natural dune formation, we evaluated the possible effects <em>S. inaequidens</em> could have on this process, if it would be able to naturalize in European coastal dunes.</p> <p> We expected the highest probability of <em>S. inaequidens </em>establishment at intermediate marram grass cover because too low cover would increase sand burial, whereas high cover would increase competition. However, our results indicate that <em>S. inaequidens</em> is quite capable of handling higher levels of sand burial. Thus, probability of <em>S. inaequidens</em> establishment was high under low marram cover but slightly lowered when marram cover was high, hinting at the importance of competition.</p> <p>We expected a negative impact of <em>Senecio</em>-altered soils on marram grass growth mediated by soil biota. However, marram grass grew better in sand gathered underneath <em>Senecio</em> plants due to abiotic soil modifications. This enhanced growth may be caused by <em>Senecio</em> leaf litter elevating nutrient concentrations in an otherwise nutrient-poor substrate. If such increased plant growth is a general phenomenon, further expansion of <em>S. inaequidens</em> could accelerate natural succession in European coastal dunes.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.