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1,623 results for “pregnant”
A bioprinted model of pregnant human uterine myometrium
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Low-dose biliatresone treatment of pregnant mice causes subclinical biliary disease in their offspring: Evidence for a spectrum of neonatal injury
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In vivo noninvasive systemic myography of acute systemic vasoactivity in female pregnant mice
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Complex situations: economic insecurity, mental health, and substance use among pregnant women who consider – but do not have – abortions
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The supply is there. So why can't pregnant and breastfeeding women in rural India get the COVID-19 vaccine?
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HRV and salivary cortisol data in pregnant women
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Uterine scarring leads to adverse pregnant consequence through impairing the response of endometrium to steroids
<p>Uterine surgical scarring is an increasing risk factor for adverse pregnant consequences that threaten fetal-maternal health. The detailed molecular features of scar implantation remain largely unknown. We aim to study the pathologic features of uterine surgical scarring and the mechanisms of compromised pregnancy outcomes of scar implantation. We generated a mouse model of uterine surgical scarring with a uterine incision penetrating the myometrium to endometrium to examine the pathologic changes and transcriptome profiles of uterine scarring at various post-surgery (PS) time points, as well as features of the feto-maternal interface during scar implantation. We found that uterine surgical scar recovery was consistently poor at PS3 until PS90, as shown by a reduced number of endometrial glands, inhibition of myometrial smooth muscle cell growth but excessive collagen fiber deposition, and massive leukocyte infiltration. Transcriptome annotation indicated significant chronic inflammation at the scarring site. At the peri-implantation and postimplantation stages, abnormal expression of various steroid-responsive genes at the scarring site was in parallel with lumen epithelial cell hyperplasia, inappropriate luminal closure, and disorientation of the implanted embryo, restricted stromal cell proliferation, and defective decidualization. High embryonic lethality (around 70%) before E10.5 was observed, and the small amount of survival embryos at E10.5 exhibited restricted growth and aberrant placenta defects including overinvasion of trophoblast cells into the decidua and insufficient fetal blood vessel branching in the labyrinth. The findings indicate that chronic inflammation and compromised responses to steroids in uterine scar tissues are the pivotal molecular basis for adverse pregnancy consequences of scar implantation.</p>
Data from: Assessment of markers of antimalarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria
Background: The use of antimalarial drugs for prevention and treatment is a major strategy in the prevention of malaria in pregnancy. Although sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is currently recommended for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy in Nigeria, previously used drugs for prophylaxis such as chloroquine (CQ) and pyrimethamine are accessible as they are purchased over the counter. This study describes the markers of absence or presence of resistance to quinoline (Pfcrt and Pfmdr 1) and type 1 antifolate antimalarial medicines (Pfdhfr). Methods: Plasmodium falciparum-positive dried blood spots from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics for the first time during current pregnancy were investigated for the presence of mutations at codons 72–76 of Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt) gene by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using haplotype-specific probes. PCR followed by sequence analysis was used to identify mutations at codons 86, 184, 1034, 1042 and 1246 of P. falciparum multi-drug resistance-1 (Pfmdr1) gene; and codons 16, 50, 51, 59, 108, 140 and 164 of Pfdhfr gene. Results: Two haplotypes of Pfcrt (n = 54) were observed: CVMNK 13(24.2%) and CVIET 41 (75.9%) of the samples. The SVMNT haplotype was absent in this population. The Pfmdr1 (n = 28) haplotypes were NYSND 15(53.6%), YYSND 5(17.9%), NFSND 6(21.4%) and YFSND 2(7.1%). The Pfdhfr (n = 15) were ACNCSVI 4(26.7%), and ACICNSVI 1(6.7%) and ACIRNVI 10 (66.7%). The rate of occurrence of Pfcrt 76T, Pfdhfr108N, Pfmdr186Yand184F were 75.9%, 73.3%, 25% and 28.1% respectively. The Pfmdr1 86Y was associated with low parasitaemia (median = 71 parasites/μl, P = 0.024) while Pfcrt 76T was associated with young maternal age (mean 24.1 ± 4.5 years; P = 0.006). The median parasitaemia were similar (P>0.05) in wild and mutant strains of Pfcrt 76, Pfmdr1 184 and Pfdhfr 108. There was no association between gravidity or gestational age of the women and presence of mutations in the Pfcrt, Pfmdr1 or Pfdhfr genes (P>0.05). Conclusion: Markers of resistance to chloroquine and pyrimethamine were high, whereas cycloguanil-resistance marker was not present in the studied population. The low level of mutations in the Pfmdr1gene indicates likely efficacy of amodiaquine against malaria in pregnancy.
Data from: Optimizing prevention of HIV mother to child transmission: duration of antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression at delivery among pregnant Malawian women
Background: Effective antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy minimizes the risk of vertical HIV transmission. Some women present late in their pregnancy for first antenatal visit; whether these women achieve viral suppression by delivery and how suppression varies with time on ART is unclear. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected pregnant women initiating antiretroviral therapy for the first time from June 2015 to November 2016. Multivariable Poisson models with robust variance estimators were used to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between duration of ART and both viral load (VL) ≥1000 copies/ml and VL ≥40 copies/ml at delivery. Results: Of the 252 women who had viral load testing at delivery, 40 (16%) and 78 (31%) had VL ≥1000 copies/ml and VL ≥40 copies/ml, respectively. The proportion of women with poor adherence to ART was higher among women who were on ART for ≤12 weeks (9/50 = 18.0%) than among those who were on ART for 13-35 weeks (18/194 = 9.3%). Compared to women who were on ART for ≤12 weeks, women who were on ART for 13-20 weeks (RR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.36-0.74) or 21-35 weeks (RR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.14-0.48) had a lower risk of VL ≥40 copies/ml at delivery. Similar comparisons for VL ≥1000 copies/ml at delivery showed decrease in risk although not significant for those on ART 13-20 weeks. Conclusion: Longer duration of ART during pregnancy was associated with suppressed viral load at delivery. Early ANC attendance in pregnancy to facilitate prompt ART initiation for HIV-positive women is essential in the effort to eliminate HIV vertical transmission.
Data from: Reducing early infant mortality in India: results of a prospective cohort of pregnant women utilizing emergency medical services
Objectives: To describe the demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of neonates born within 7 days of public ambulance transport to hospitals across five states in India. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Five Indian states using a centralised EMS agency that transported 3.1 million pregnant women in 2014. Participants: Over 6 weeks in 2014, this study followed a convenience sample of 1,431 neonates born to women utilizing a public-private ambulance service for a 'pregnancy related' problem. Initial calls were deemed 'pregnancy related' if categorised by EMS dispatchers as 'pregnancy', 'childbirth', 'miscarriage' or 'labour pains'. Interfacility transfers, patients absent on ambulance arrival, refusal of care, and neonates born to women beyond 7 days of using the service were excluded. Main outcome measures: Death at 2, 7 and 42 days after delivery. Results: Among 1,684 women, 1,411 gave birth to 1,431 newborns within 7 days of initial ambulance transport. Median maternal age at delivery was 23 years (IQR: 21-25). Most mothers were from rural/tribal areas (92.5%) and lower social (79.9%) and economic status (69.9%). Follow-up rates at 2, 7 and 42 days were 99.8%, 99.3% and 94.1%, respectively. Cumulative mortality rates at 2, 7 and 42-days follow-up were 41, 53 and 62 per 1000 births, respectively. The perinatal mortality rate (PMR) was 53 per 1000. Preterm birth [OR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.67-5.00], twin deliveries (OR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.10-7.15), and cesarean section (2.21, 95% CI: 1.15-4.23) were the strongest predictors of mortality. Conclusions: The perinatal mortality rate associated with this cohort of patients with high-acuity conditions of pregnancy was nearly two times the most recent rate for India as a whole (28 per 1000 births). EMS data has the potential to provide more robust estimates of PMR, reduce inequities in timely access to healthcare, and increase facility-based care through service of marginalized populations.
Expectations and basic knowledge in ultrasound screening among pregnant women: A questionnaire survey
<h3>Objective</h3> <p>This study aimed to evaluate the disparity of the expectations and basic knowledge of prenatal ultrasound (US) screening among pregnant women and make a comparison with the current scientific knowledge and national recommendations. We hypothesize that sociodemographic factors, including age, education, and professional occupation, may be associated with different levels of knowledge.</p> <h3>Methods</h3> <p>This was a cross-sectional study performed in 2021 of 336 women aged 18 to 46 years in a maternity facility in a tertiary hospital in Portugal. The main outcome measures were questionnaire data from questions divided into four categories (sociodemographic, expectations, knowledge, and final considerations/suggestions). The data were grouped according to the sociodemographic factors (age, educational level, and professional occupation) and analyzed and compared as a function of the social groups as well as overall tendencies.</p> <h3>Results</h3> <p>Our data confirmed a significant discrepancy between the expectations and general knowledge of pregnant women regarding prenatal US when compared with the current scientific knowledge. Importantly, we found that both depended greatly on sociodemographic factors, particularly educational level. This reiterated the importance of conducting effective dissemination actions of current scientific knowledge, focusing on the main objectives of US screening as well as the limitations of the existing technology.</p> <h3>Conclusion</h3> <p>This study will help in defining strategies for future dissemination actions aiming to improve current practice and lead to a higher synchrony of expectations towards US between couples and practitioners.</p>
Cigarette smoke exposure as a potential risk factor for sleep problems in pregnant women
<p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p><span>Cigarette smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy have detrimental effects on the health of expectant mothers, increasing the likelihood of respiratory diseases or infections. Due to the stimulant effect of smoking, the negative effect on diurnal rhythm and sleep is also observed. Sleep quantity and quality are directly related to health and well-being, especially during times of excess stress, such as the perinatal period. This prospective study aimed to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy and sleep patterns in pregnant women. An online survey was conducted among Polish women from May 2020 to September 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants reported smoking during pregnancy and rated sleep in three categories (difficulty falling asleep, waking up too early, and difficulty staying asleep). Data from 3365 mothers aged 18-43 (mean 30.7; SD 3.87) were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Passive smoking was associated with one of the three variables used to assess sleep problems (waking up too early) while controlling for a range of individual variables (age, education, place of residence, satisfaction with the woman's life, and economic situation, pregnancy complications, levels of state anxiety and depressive symptoms, trimester of pregnancy, nausea or vomiting during pregnancy, and COVID-19 infections). Interestingly, results showed no evidence of an association between active smoking and sleep difficulties. Our findings suggest that passive smoking is a potential risk factor for sleeping problems in pregnant women, especially in the aspect of waking up too early. These results are worth considering when formulating pro-health measures for pregnant women and their close ones.</span></p>
High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pregnant women in the inner city of Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, South Africa
<p>Results of population-based age stratified seroepidemiological investigation in South Africa.</p>
Spy in the sky: a method to identify pregnant small cetaceans
<p>Data on sex ratios, age classes, reproductive success and health status are key metrics to manage populations yet can be difficult to collect in wild cetacean populations. Long-term individual-based studies provide a unique opportunity to apply unoccupied aerial system (UAS) photogrammetry to non-invasively measure body morphometrics of individuals with known life history information. The aims of this study were 1) to compare length measurements from UAS photogrammetry with laser photogrammetry and 2) to explore whether UAS measurements of body width could be used to remotely determine pregnancy status, sex or age class in a well-studied bottlenose dolphin population in Scotland. We carried out five boat-based surveys in July and August 2017, with concurrent photo-identification, UAS, and laser photogrammetry. Photographs were measured using bespoke programmes, MorphMetriX for UAS photos and a Zooniverse project for laser photos. In total 64 dolphins were identified using photo-ID, 54 of which had concurrent UAS body length and 47 with laser body length measurements. We also measured body widths at 10% increments from 10-90% of body length for 48 individuals of known sex, age class and/or pregnancy status. There was no significant difference in the length of individuals measured with UAS and laser photogrammetry. Discriminant analyses of the body width-length ratios expected to change during pregnancy, correctly assigned pregnancy status for 14 of the 15 females of known pregnancy status. Only one pregnant female was incorrectly assigned as not pregnant. However, our results showed that length and body width cannot accurately allocate these bottlenose dolphins to sex or age class using photogrammetry techniques alone. The present study illustrates that UAS and laser photogrammetry measurements are comparable for small cetaceans and demonstrates that UAS measurements of body width-length ratio can accurately assign pregnancy status in bottlenose dolphins.</p>
Distribution. Known only from type locality on S coast of Seram I, Indonesia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 123 mm, tail 128 mm, ear 14-6 mm, hindfoot 26-2 mm; weight 65 g (all mensural data are from holotype). Pavel's Seram Mosaic-tailed Rat is very small-bodied, with dorsal pelage soft and brightly colored rufescent reddish brown, hairs with graybases, and venter contrastingly pure white; tail is slightly longer than head-body length, all black in color, tail scales raised, one hair per scale, scale hairs very short. Upper surfaces of feet are dark gray; hindfeet broad, with first digit long. Cranium is relatively narrow, with nasal profile flat; teeth very small. Single known specimen (the holotype), a pregnant female, has four mammae. in Muridae
Distribution. Known only from type locality on S coast of Seram I, Indonesia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 123 mm, tail 128 mm, ear 14-6 mm, hindfoot 26-2 mm; weight 65 g (all mensural data are from holotype). Pavel's Seram Mosaic-tailed Rat is very small-bodied, with dorsal pelage soft and brightly colored rufescent reddish brown, hairs with graybases, and venter contrastingly pure white; tail is slightly longer than head-body length, all black in color, tail scales raised, one hair per scale, scale hairs very short. Upper surfaces of feet are dark gray; hindfeet broad, with first digit long. Cranium is relatively narrow, with nasal profile flat; teeth very small. Single known specimen (the holotype), a pregnant female, has four mammae.
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).
Portable ultrasound technologies for estimating gestational age in pregnant women: A scoping review and analysis of commercially available models
<p><strong>Objectives</strong>: To identify all available studies assessing the use of portable ultrasound devices for pregnant women, with the specific aim of finding evidence for devices used to determine gestational age and their validity when compared to conventional ultrasound machines. We also wanted to determine what portable ultrasound models are commercially available for obstetric use. </p> <p><strong>Design</strong>: Systematic scoping review</p> <p><strong>Primary and secondary outcome measures:</strong> Extracted variables included study design, population, method of ultrasound measurement, devices used and whether studies formally validated accuracy against conventional ultrasound</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: We searched four databases – Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Maternal and Infant Care. In total, 56 studies from 34 countries were identified; most were observational studies. Across all studies, 27 different portable ultrasound models (from 17 manufacturers) were evaluated. Twenty-one studies assessed use of portable ultrasound for evaluating fetal characteristics or estimating gestational age, and 10 of these were formal validation studies. In total, six portable devices have been validated for gestational age estimation against a conventional ultrasound comparator. The web searches identified 102 portable devices (21 manufacturers). These were a mix of handheld devices that connected to a phone or computer, or laptop-style portable ultrasound devices. Prices ranged from $1,190 to $30,000 USD and weight ranged from 0.9 kg to 13.0 kg.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: While the number of commercially available portable ultrasound devices continues to grow, there remains a lack of peer-reviewed, quality evidence demonstrating their accuracy and validity when compared to conventional ultrasound machines. This review identified some models that may be useful in gestational age estimation in low-resource settings, but more research is required to help implement the technology at scale.</p>
Raw data and concentration response curves for: Neurotoxic mixture effects of chemicals extracted from blood of pregnant women
<p>The raw data and concentration response curves of the single chemicals, sample extracts, blanks and controls, as well as designed mixtures. The assay was a neurite outgrowth inhibition assay based on the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Reported endpoints were neurite outgrowth inhibition relative to unexposed cells (%), and cytotoxicity relative to unexposed cells (%). </p>
High thermal quality rookeries facilitate high thermoregulatory accuracy in pregnant female rattlesnakes
<p>Data for study of thermal ecology in <em>Crotalus viridis</em> in Colorado, U.S.A.</p>
Pregnancy-induced hypertension and its associated risk factors among pregnant garment workers attending an urban health center in Bangladesh
<p><strong><span>ABSTRACT</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span>Background: </span></strong><span>Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) can lead to severe morbidity, long-term disability, and mortality among mothers and their infants<strong>. </strong>PIH is increasing worldwide, disproportionately affecting more mothers in developing countries. <span> </span><span>This study aims to determine the prevalence of PIH and its associated risk factors among pregnant garment workers attending an urban health center in Bangladesh</span>.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods:</span></strong><span> This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant garment workers at ≥20 weeks of gestation, who visited a health center of a garment in Narayanganj, Bangladesh between July and October 2023. <span>Data on socio-demographics, clinical characteristics including body weight and blood pressure, and family history of chronic diseases were gathered. </span>Logistic regression was done to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) to identify factors associated with PIH.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Result:</span></strong><span><span> </span><span>With an average age of 27.3 years (standard deviation 3.2) and nearly two-thirds of the 150 participants having completed secondary education or higher, the mean gestational age was 21.7 weeks. One out of ten had a family history of high blood pressure and 2% had a family history of PIH. The overall prevalence of PIH was 7.3%. Higher risk for PIH was linked to family history of PIH (aOR 18.1; 95% CI 1.3, 251.3). </span></span></p> <p><strong><span>Conclusion:</span></strong><span> <span>The study identified that one out of every 14 pregnant garment workers had PIH. The findings highlight that a family history of PIH significantly increases the likelihood of developing PIH in this population. Therefore, pregnant women with this risk factor should be prioritised by health care professionals. </span></span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.