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146 results for “rattlesnake”
Figure 8 from: Lara-Galván JL, Martínez-Montoya JF, Sigala-Rodríguez JJ, Esparza-Estrada CE, Rosas-Rosas OC, Ávila-Herrera L, Barbosa AM (2020) Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico. ZooKeys 1005: 103-132. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.56964
Figure 8 Presence and global potential distribution of Crotalus polystictus in Zacatecas, Mexico. Insert includes a C. polystictus from the municipality of Atolina (photo provided by Iván Ahumada Carrillo). For explanation of the symbols and legend, see Figure 3.
Supplementary material 7 from: Lara-Galván JL, Martínez-Montoya JF, Sigala-Rodríguez JJ, Esparza-Estrada CE, Rosas-Rosas OC, Ávila-Herrera L, Barbosa AM (2020) Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico. ZooKeys 1005: 103-132. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.56964
SF7 Crotalus pricei global distribution
Figure 4 from: Lara-Galván JL, Martínez-Montoya JF, Sigala-Rodríguez JJ, Esparza-Estrada CE, Rosas-Rosas OC, Ávila-Herrera L, Barbosa AM (2020) Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico. ZooKeys 1005: 103-132. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.56964
Figure 4 Presence and global potential distribution of Crotalus atrox in Zacatecas, Mexico. Insert includes a C. atrox from the municipality of Concepción del Oro (photo provided by Lenin Lara Galván). For explanation of the symbols and legend, see Figure 3.
Figure 7 from: Lara-Galván JL, Martínez-Montoya JF, Sigala-Rodríguez JJ, Esparza-Estrada CE, Rosas-Rosas OC, Ávila-Herrera L, Barbosa AM (2020) Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico. ZooKeys 1005: 103-132. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.56964
Figure 7 Presence and global potential distribution of Crotalus molossus in Zacatecas, Mexico. Insert includes a C. molossus from the municipality of Pinos (photo provided by Lenin Lara Galván). For explanation of the symbols and legend, see Figure 3.
Supplementary material 1 from: Lara-Galván JL, Martínez-Montoya JF, Sigala-Rodríguez JJ, Esparza-Estrada CE, Rosas-Rosas OC, Ávila-Herrera L, Barbosa AM (2020) Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico. ZooKeys 1005: 103-132. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.56964
SF1 Crotalus aquilus global distribution
Rattlesnakes Venom Bacterial Cultures
<p>Positive Mode, Non-targeted analysis of bacterial isolates from rattlesnake venom.</p>
Figures 1-2 from: Soria-Díaz L, Rábago-Castro JL, Domínguez-Vega H, Gómez-Ortíz Y, Manjarrez J, Garrido-Olvera L (2019) Parasites in feces of the endemic rattlesnake, Crotalus triseriatus (Serpentes: Viperidae), from Mexican highlands. Zoologia 36: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e29587
Figures 1-2 Parasitic elements in feces of Crotalus triseriatus from Mexico: (1) Egg of Capillariidae sp. with one larva (L), brown color, thick and rough wall (W), one operculum at each pole (Op), which are asymmetrical. (2) Sporulated oocyst of Eimeria sp., spheroidal type, rough outer wall (W), absence of micropyle, ovoid sporocysts (S). Scale bars: 10 µm.
Rattlesnakes Venom Bacterial Cultures
<p>Non-targeted analysis of bacterial isolates from snake venom.</p>
Data from: Genetic signatures of small effective population sizes and demographic declines in an endangered rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus
Endangered species that exist in small isolated populations are at elevated risk of losing adaptive variation due to genetic drift. Analyses that estimate short-term effective population sizes, characterize historical demographic processes, and project the trajectory of genetic variation into the future are useful for predicting how levels of genetic diversity may change. Here, we use data from two independent types of genetic markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] and microsatellites) to evaluate genetic diversity in 17 populations spanning the geographic range of the endangered eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus). First, we use SNP data to confirm previous reports that these populations exhibit high levels of genetic structure (overall Fst = 0.25). Second, we show that most populations have contemporary Ne estimates less than 50. Heterozygosity-fitness correlations in these populations provided no evidence for a genetic cost to living in small populations, though these tests may lack power. Third, model-based demographic analyses of individual populations indicate that all have experienced declines, with the onset of many of these declines occurring over timescales consistent with anthropogenic impacts (<200 years). Finally, forward simulations of the expected loss of variation in relatively large (Ne = 50) and small (Ne = 10) populations indicate they will lose a substantial amount of their current standing neutral variation (63% and 99%, respectively) over the next 100 years. Our results argue that drift has a significant and increasing impact on levels of genetic variation in isolated populations of this snake, and efforts to assess and mitigate associated impacts on adaptive variation should be components of the management of this endangered reptile.
Genomic signatures of inbreeding and mutation load in a threatened rattlesnake
<p>Theory predicts that threatened species living in small populations will experience high levels of inbreeding that will increase their genetic load, but recent work suggests that the impact of load may be minimized by purging resulting from long-term population bottlenecks. Empirical studies that examine this idea using genome-wide estimates of inbreeding and genetic load in threatened species are limited. Here we use individual genome resequencing data to compare levels of inbreeding, levels of genetic load (estimated as mutation load), and population history in threatened Eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus), which exist in small isolated populations, and closely-related yet outbred Western massasauga rattlesnakes (S. tergeminus). In terms of inbreeding, S. catenatus genomes had a greater number of ROHs of varying sizes, indicating sustained inbreeding through repeated bottlenecks when compared to S. tergeminus. At the species level, outbred S. tergeminus had higher genome-wide levels of mutation load in the form of greater numbers of derived deleterious mutations compared to S. catenatus, presumably due to long-term purging of deleterious mutations in S. catenatus. In contrast, mutations that escaped species-level drift effects within S. catenatus populations were in general more frequent and more often found in homozygous genotypes than in S. tergeminus, suggesting a reduced efficiency of purifying selection in smaller S. catenatus populations for most mutations. Our results support an emerging idea that the historical demography of a threatened species has a significant impact on the type of genetic load present, which impacts implementation of conservation actions such as genetic rescue.</p>
Data from: The effects of temperature on the kinematics of rattlesnake predatory strikes in both captive and field environments
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Data from: Determinants of predation success: how to survive an attack from a rattlesnake
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Data from: Behavioral plasticity and the origins of novelty: the evolution of the rattlesnake rattle
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Genomic signatures of inbreeding and mutation load in a threatened rattlesnake
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Data from: Genetic signatures of small effective population sizes and demographic declines in an endangered rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus
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Data from: Low bottleneck detection in long-lived species despite lost genetic diversity: a case study of tuatara and eastern massasauga rattlesnakes
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Neurocellular stress response to Mojave Type A Rattlesnake venom: A study of molecular mechanisms using a human iPSC-derived neural stem cell model
GEO Series GSE287744. Homo sapiens. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Investigating patterns of chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, and insulation involved in rattlesnake venom gene regulation
GEO Series GSE169217. Crotalus viridis. 6 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Figure 1 from: Lara-Galván JL, Martínez-Montoya JF, Sigala-Rodríguez JJ, Esparza-Estrada CE, Rosas-Rosas OC, Ávila-Herrera L, Barbosa AM (2020) Rattlesnake (Crotalus spp.) distribution and diversity in Zacatecas, Mexico. ZooKeys 1005: 103-132. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.56964
Figure 1 Location of the state of Zacatecas and their climate types (modified from INEGI 2008).
Data from: Microsatellite and major histocompatibility complex variation in an endangered rattlesnake, the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus)
Genetic diversity is fundamental to maintaining the long-term viability of populations, yet reduced genetic variation is often associated with small, isolated populations. To examine the relationship between demography and genetic variation, variation at hypervariable loci (e.g., microsatellite DNA loci) is often measured. However, these loci are selectively neutral (or near neutral) and may not accurately reflect genomewide variation. Variation at functional trait loci, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), can provide a better assessment of adaptive genetic variation in fragmented populations. We compared patterns of microsatellite and MHC variation across three Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) populations representing a gradient of demographic histories to assess the relative roles of natural selection and genetic drift. Using 454 deep amplicon sequencing, we identified 24 putatively functional MHC IIB exon 2 alleles belonging to a minimum of six loci. Analysis of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates provided evidence of historical positive selection at the nucleotide level, and Tajima's D provided support for balancing selection in each population. As predicted, estimates of microsatellite allelic richness, observed, heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity varied among populations in a pattern qualitatively consistent with demographic history and abundance. While MHC allelic richness at the population and individual levels revealed similar trends, MHC nucleotide diversity was unexpectedly high in the smallest population. Overall, these results suggest that genetic variation in the Eastern Massasauga populations in Illinois has been shaped by multiple evolutionary mechanisms. Thus, conservation efforts should consider both neutral and functional genetic variation when managing captive and wild Eastern Massasauga populations.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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