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174 results for “reproductive traits”
Data from: Induced defences alter the strength and direction of natural selection on reproductive traits in common milkweed
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Data from: Consistent within‐individual plasticity is sufficient to explain temperature responses in red deer reproductive traits
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Data from: Alternative reproductive tactics arising from a continuous behavioral trait: callers vs. satellites in field crickets
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Data from: Among-individual heterogeneity in maternal behaviour and physiology affects reproductive allocation and offspring life-history traits in the garter snake Thamnophis elegans
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Data from: Behavioral and morphological traits interact to promote the evolution of alternative reproductive tactics in a lizard
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Data from: Genotype-specific effects of ericoid mycorrhizae on floral traits and reproduction in Vaccinium corymbosum
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Japanese chum salmon reproductive traits
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Data from: The loss of functional diversity: a detrimental influence of landscape-scale deforestation on tree reproductive traits
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Data from: Correlation of morphology and metabolism of reproductive traits in the genus Phrynocephalus around the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
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Data from: Modeling the effects of climate-change induced shifts in reproductive phenology on temperature-dependent traits
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Data from: Antiherbivore defenses alter natural selection on plant reproductive traits
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Data from: How do functional traits syndromes covary with growth and reproductive performance in a water-stressed population of Fagus sylvatica?
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Female reproductive mode shapes allometric scaling of male traits in livebearing fishes (family Poeciliidae)
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Data from: Reaching reproduction in a large carnivore: Role of early environment and intrinsic traits
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Pathways linking female personality with reproductive success are trait and year-specific
<p>Personality (i.e. among-individual variation in average behavior) often covaries with fitness, but how such personality-fitness relationships come about is poorly understood. Here, we explore potential mechanisms by which two female personality traits (female-female aggression and female nest defense as manifested by hissing behavior) were linked with annual reproductive success in a population of great tits (<i>Parus major</i>), a socially monogamous species with biparental care. We hypothesized that personality-related differences in reproductive success result from variation in reproductive decision (lay date, brood size) and/or parental provisioning rates. Relative support for these mechanisms was evaluated using path-analysis on data collected in two successive years. We reveal that larger broods were provisioned at a higher rate by both parents and that female, but not male, provisioning rate was involved in the trade-off between offspring number (brood size) and fledgling mass. Among-individual variation in female aggression, via its association with female provisioning rate, was negatively linked to fledgling mass (i.e. indirect effect), yet only in one of the study years. Male provisioning rate did not influence these relationships. In contrast, among-individual variation in hissing behavior was directly and negatively linked with fledgling mass in both years, via an underlying mechanism that remains to be identified (i.e. direct effect). Together, our findings emphasize that personality-fitness relationships may come about via different mechanisms across personality traits and/or years, thereby illustrating additional complexity in how selection might act on and maintain among-individual variation in behavioral phenotypes in the wild.</p>
Data from: Sex-specific associations between life history traits and a novel reproductive polymorphism in the Pacific field cricket
<p>Associations between heritable polymorphisms and life-history traits, such as development time or reproductive investment, may play an underappreciated role in maintaining polymorphic systems. This is because selection acting on a particular morph could be bolstered or disrupted by correlated changes in life-history or vice versa. In a Hawaiian population of the Pacific field cricket (<em>Teleogryllus oceanicus</em>), a novel mutation (flatwing) on the X-chromosome is responsible for a heritable polymorphism in male wing structure. We used laboratory cricket colonies fixed for male wing morph to investigate whether males and females bearing the flatwing or normal-wing (wild-type) allele differed in their life-history traits. We found that flatwing males developed faster and had heavier testes than normal-wings, whereas flatwing homozygous females developed slower and had lighter reproductive tissues than normal-wing homozygous females. Our results advance our understanding of the evolution of polymorphisms by demonstrating that the genetic change responsible for a reproductive polymorphism can also have consequences for fundamental life-history traits in both males and females.</p>
Data from: Evolution of floral traits and impact of reproductive mode on diversification in the phlox family (Polemoniaceae)
Pollinator-mediated selection is a major driver of evolution in flowering plants, contributing to the vast diversity of floral features. Despite long-standing interest in floral variation and the evolution of pollination syndromes in Polemoniaceae, the evolution of floral traits and known pollinators has not been investigated in an explicit phylogenetic context. Here we explore macroevolutionary patterns of both pollinator specificity and three floral traits long considered important determinants of pollinator attraction across a nearly complete species-level phylogenetic tree for the family. This phylogenetic tree is the most comprehensive yet produced for Polemoniaceae. The presence of floral chlorophyll is reconstructed as the ancestral character state of the family, even though the presence of floral anthocyanins is the most prevalent floral pigment in extant taxa. Mean corolla length and width of the opening of the floral tube are correlated, and both appear to vary with pollinator type. The evolution of pollination systems appears labile, with multiple gains and losses of selfing and conflicting implications for patterns of diversification. Explicit testing of diversification models rejects the hypothesis that selfing is an evolutionary dead-end. This study begins to disentangle the individual components that comprise pollination syndromes and lays the foundation for future work on the genetic mechanisms that control each trait.
Data from: Genetic architecture of traits associated with reproductive barriers in Silene: coupling, sex chromosomes and variation
The evolution of reproductive barriers and their underlying genetic architecture is of central importance for the formation of new species. Reproductive barriers can be controlled either by few large-effect loci suggesting strong selection on key traits, or by many small-effect loci, consistent with gradual divergence or with selection on polygenic or multiple traits. Genetic coupling between reproductive barrier loci further promotes divergence, particularly divergence with ongoing gene flow. In this study, we investigated the genetic architectures of ten morphological, phenological and life history traits associated with reproductive barriers between the hybridizing sister species Silene dioica and S. latifolia; both are dioecious with XY sex determination. We used quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in two reciprocal F2 crosses. One to six QTLs per trait, including 9 major QTLs (PVE > 20%) were detected, in total, on 11 of 12 linkage groups. We found strong evidence for coupling of QTLs for uncorrelated traits. QTL clusters occurred both on autosomes and on the sex chromosomes. Unexpectedly, QTLs detected in the two F2 crosses differed largely, despite limited phenotypic differences between them and sufficient statistical power. The widely dispersed genetic architectures of traits associated with reproductive barriers suggest gradual divergence or multifarious selection and coupling of the underlying QTLs likely promoted divergence with gene flow in this system. The low congruence of QTLs between the two crosses further points to variable and possibly redundant genetic architectures of traits associated with reproductive barriers, with important implications for the evolutionary dynamics of divergence and speciation.
Data from: Precopulatory but not postcopulatory male reproductive traits diverge in response to mating system manipulation in Drosophila melanogaster
Competition between males creates potential for pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection and conflict. Theory predicts that males facing risk of sperm competition should evolve traits to secure their reproductive success. If those traits are costly to females, the evolution of such traits may also increase conflict between the sexes. Conversely, under the absence of sperm competition, one expectation is for selection on male competitive traits to relax thereby also relaxing sexual conflict. Experimental evolution studies are a powerful tool to test this expectation. Studies in multiple insect species have yielded mixed and partially conflicting results. In this study, we evaluated male competitive traits and male effects on female costs of mating in Drosophila melanogaster after replicate lines evolved for more than 50 generations either under enforced monogamy or sustained polygamy, thus manipulating the extent of intrasexual competition between males. We found that in a setting where males competed directly with a rival male for access to a female and fertilization of her ova polygamous males had superior reproductive success compared to monogamous males. When comparing reproductive success solely in double mating standard sperm competition assays, however, we found no difference in male sperm defense competitiveness between the different selection regimes. Instead, we found monogamous males to be inferior in precopulatory competition, which indicates that in our system, enforced monogamy relaxed selection on traits important in precopulatory rather than postcopulatory competition. We discuss our findings in the context of findings from previous experimental evolution studies in Drosophila ssp. and other invertebrate species.
Data from: Indirect genetic effects and sexual conflicts: Partner genotype influences multiple morphological and behavioural reproductive traits in a flatworm
The expression of an individual's phenotypic traits can be influenced by genes expressed in its social partners. Theoretical models predict that such indirect genetic effects (IGEs) on reproductive traits should play an important role in determining the evolutionary outcome of sexual conflict. However, empirical tests of (i) whether reproductive IGEs exist, (ii) how they vary among genotypes, and (iii) whether they are uniform for different types of reproductive traits are largely lacking. We addressed this in a series of experiments in the simultaneously hermaphroditic flatworm Macrostomum lignano. We found strong evidence for IGEs on both morphological and behavioural reproductive traits. Partner genotype had a significant impact on the testis size of focal individuals—varying up to 2.4-fold—suggesting that IGEs could mediate sexual conflicts that target the male sex function. We also found that time to first copulation was affected by a genotype × genotype interaction between mating partners, and that partner genotype affected the propensity to copulate and perform the postcopulatory suck behaviour, which may mediate conflicts over the fate of received ejaculate components. These findings provide clear empirical evidence for IGEs on multiple behavioural and morphological reproductive traits, which suggests that the evolutionary dynamics of these traits could be altered by genes contained in the social environment.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.