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1,719 results for “songs”
last_fm_top_songs_2022
<p>El dataset publicado contiene información acerca de las canciones más relevantes (<em>top tracks</em>) vinculadas a los principales géneros musicales de acuerdo a la plataforma de música Last.fm recogidas en noviembre de 2022.</p> <p>La información se ha recopilado mediante un proceso de web scraping que ha pretendido generar una base de datos con la información principal (nombre, artista, género, duranción, etc.) de cada una de las canciones más relevantes según la plataforma analizada.</p>
Data for: Zebra finch song ecology: monitoring of breeding, observational transects, focal and year-round acoustic recordings, and a large-scale simultaneous playback experiment
<p class="MsoNormal">Male songbirds sing to establish territories and to attract mates. However, increasing reports of singing in non-reproductive contexts and by females show that song use is more diverse than previously considered. Therefore, alternative functions of song, such as social cohesion and synchronisation of breeding, by and large were overlooked even in such well-studied species as the zebra finch (<em>Taeniopygia guttata</em>). In these social songbirds only the males sing and pairs breed synchronously in loose colonies following aseasonal rain events in their arid habitat. As males are not territorial, and pairs form long-term monogamous bonds early in life, conventional theory predicts that zebra finches should not sing much at all; yet they do and their song is the focus of hundreds of lab-based studies. We hypothesise that zebra finch song functions to maintain social cohesion and to synchronise breeding. Here we test this idea using data from five years of field studies, including observational transects, focal and year-round audio recordings, and a large-scale playback experiment. We show that zebra finches frequently sing while in groups, that breeding status influences song output at the nest and at aggregations, that they sing year-round, and that they predominantly sing when with their partner, suggesting that song remains important after pair formation. Our playback reveals that song actively features in social aggregations as it attracts conspecifics. Together, these results demonstrate that birdsong has important functions beyond territoriality and mate choice, illustrating its importance in coordination and cohesion of social units within larger societies.</p>
FIGURE 232. Nematogmus membranifer Song & Li, 2008. A, B Epigyne, ventral view C in Survey of Linyphiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) spiders from Yunnan, China
FIGURE 232. Nematogmus membranifer Song & Li, 2008. A, B Epigyne, ventral view C Vulva, dorsal view.
FIGURE 231. Nematogmus membranifer Song & Li, 2008 palp. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C dorsal view D in Survey of Linyphiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) spiders from Yunnan, China
FIGURE 231. Nematogmus membranifer Song & Li, 2008 palp. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view.
Acute stress and restricted diet reduce bill-mediated heat dissipation in the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia): Implications for optimal thermoregulation
<p>We used thermal imaging to show that two environmental factors—acute stress and diet—influence thermoregulatory performance of a known thermal window, the avian bill. The bill plays important roles in thermoregulation and water balance. Given that heat loss through the bill is adjustable through vasoconstriction and vasodilation, and acute stress can cause vasoconstriction in peripheral body surfaces, we hypothesized that stress may influence the bill's role as a thermal window. We further hypothesized that diet influences heat dissipation from the bill given that body condition influences the surface temperature of another body region (the eye region). We measured the surface temperature of the bills of song sparrows (<em>Melospiza</em> <em>melodia</em>) before, during, and after handling by an observer at 37°C ambient temperature. We fed five birds a restricted diet intended to maintain bodyweights typical of wild birds, and we fed six birds an unrestricted diet for five months prior to experiments. Acute stress caused a decrease in the surface temperature of the bill, resulting in a 32.4% decrease in heat dissipation immediately following acute stress, before recovering over approximately 2.3 minutes. The initial reduction and subsequent recovery provide partial support for the haemoprotective and thermoprotective hypotheses, which predict a reduction or increase in peripheral blood flow, respectively. Birds with unrestricted diets had larger bills and dissipated more heat, indicating that diet and body condition influence bill-mediated heat dissipation and thermoregulation. These results indicate that stress-induced vascular changes and diet can influence mechanisms of heat loss and potentially inhibit optimal thermoregulation.</p>
Evolution of female song and duetting in the chaffinch (Fringilla) species complex
<p>Female song is ancestral to songbirds and shows considerable phylogenetic signal, but its presence also appears to be labile and correlated with life-history and ecology. While previous studies have examined the evolution of female song across species-rich families, here we studied female song in island populations of a recently diverged species-complex, the chaffinches (genus <em>Fringilla</em>). We show this behaviour has recently evolved in these populations, and probably on two independent occasions. In <em>F. teydea</em>, female song is performed in loose duets with males, while in <em>F. coelebs</em>, female song is produced solo. Populations with singing females showed year-round territoriality and were found in regions with low seasonality – both factors previously connected with high rates of female singing. To determine the relative saliency of female songs to conspecifics, and the degree to which they instigate territorial defence behaviours, we performed a series of speaker playback experiments. In <em>F. c. canariensis</em>, female song could induce comparable responses to male song, whilst duetting <em>F. teydea </em>playback produced similar responses to solo songs, and therefore may relate to within-pair communication instead. Our results suggest female song can be a highly labile trait that can evolve over short evolutionary timescales.</p>
FIG. 5. — Russula pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y in Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. and R. pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov., two new species from southern China
FIG. 5. — Russula pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov.: K16042406 (GDGM 75338, holotype): A, Basidia; B, Pleurocystidia; C, Cheilocystidia; D, Pileocys- tidia; E, Caulocystidia; F, Pileipellis. Scale bars: 10 μm.
FIG. 4. — Russula pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y in Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. and R. pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov., two new species from southern China
FIG. 4. — Russula pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov.: K16042406 (GDGM 75338, holotype). A, B, fruiting bodies; C, D, Terminal elements of pileipellis; E, F, Scanning electronic micrographs of basidiospores. Scale bars: A, B, 1 cm; C, D, 10 μm; E, F, 1 μm.
FIG. 3. — Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y in Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. and R. pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov., two new species from southern China
FIG. 3. — Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. K15091418 (GDGM 75339, holotype). A, Basidia; B, Pleurocystidia; C, Cheilocystidia; D, Pileocystidia; E, Caulocystidia; F, Pileipellis. Scale bars: 10 μm.
FIG. 2. — Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y in Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. and R. pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov., two new species from southern China
FIG. 2. — Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov.: K15091418 (GDGM 75339, holotype). A, B, Fruiting bodies; C, Pileipellis; D, Terminal elements of pileipellis; E,F, Scanning electronic micrographs of basidiospores. Scale bars: A-B, 1 cm; C, 100 μm; D, 10 μm; E-F, 1 μm.
FIG. 1 in Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. and R. pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov., two new species from southern China
FIG. 1. — Maximum-likelihood tree of Russula subg. Heterophyllidia based on ITS sequences performed by RAxML. Bootstrap values higher than 70% are shown, two novel species are shown in bold.
Manually labeled Bird song dataset of 22 species from Xeno-canto to enhance deep learning acoustic classifiers with contextual information.
<p>Data accompanying the paper: Jeantet and Dufourq (2023). Empowering Deep Learning Acoustic Classifiers with Human-like Ability to Utilize Contextual Information for Wildlife Monitoring. <em>Ecological Informatics</em>. 77, 15749541, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102256</p> <p> </p> <p>Our investigation contributes to the field of deep learning and bioacoustics by highlighting the potential for improved classification performance through the incorporation of contextual information such as time and location.</p> <p>To test if spatial-temporal information can enhance deep learning classifier, we developed a subset dataset derived from Xeno-Canto that included location metadata as input alongside the spectrogram. We used this dataset with the primary purpose of creating a bird song classification task with species carefully selected to share similar vocal characteristics but from distinct geographical distributions. We only considered the recordings of category `A', corresponding to the best quality score in the database.</p> <p>The dataset contains songs of <strong>22 bird species</strong> from 5 families and genera differents. The recordings were downloaded from the Xeno-canto database in .wav format and each recording was <strong>manually annotated </strong>by labelling the start and stop time for every vocalisation occurrence using Sonic Visualiser. In total, database contained 6537 occurrences of bird songs of various length from <strong>967 file recordings</strong>. A precise description of the distribution by species and country can be found in the associated article.</p> <p> </p> <p>The audio files are provided in "Audio.zip" and the manually verified annotation in "Annotations.zip". The name of each file follows the following nomenclature: Family_genus_species_country of recording_date of recording_ID Xenocanto_type of song.wav/svl. The meta-data information of each file can be find in the csv file provided (Xenocanto_metadata_qualityA_selection) based on the number of the ID Xeno-canto. The annotations can be viewed using the Sonic Visualiser software. The python codes to process these files and train neural networks can be found here : github</p> <p>The files were divided into a <strong>training folder</strong> and a<strong> validation folder</strong> to train and evaluate the efficiency of each method. For each species and country, we randomly selected 70% of the downloaded recordings for the training dataset and kept the remaining 30% for validation.</p> <p><strong>Process to select the species</strong> : We selected the ten most recorded families in the Passeriformes order, the most represented order in Xeno-canto database. From each of the ten families, we again sub-samples the ten most recorded genera. For each genus, we observed the countries of the recordings and the number of available recordings per species and countries. From these observations, we made a self-selection of genera containing species with similar songs but recorded in different regions, with enough recordings available by species and country to form a dataset . At the end, 5 genus were selected containing 22 species. We considered only recordings associated with bird songs, specifically, within Xeno-canto we selected the `song' type. To balance the number of recordings between species of the same genus, we reduced the number of recordings for the most represented species. Thus, for each genus we calculated the average of the number of records available per species and per country and limited the number of recordings for the species/country pairs that were in greater number to this value plus two.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Extensive, transient, and long-lasting gene regulation in a song-controlling brain area during testosterone-induced song development in adult female canaries
<p>Like other canary reproductive behaviors, song production occurs seasonally and can be triggered by gonadal hormones. Adult female canaries treated with testosterone sing first songs after four days and progressively develop towards typical canary song structure over several weeks, a behavior that females otherwise rarely or never show. We compared gene regulatory networks in the song-controlling brain area HVC after 1 hour (h), 3 h, 8 h, 3 days (d), 7d, and 14d testosterone treatment with placebo-treated control females, paralleling HVC and song development. Rapid onset (1 h or less) of extensive transcriptional changes (2,700 genes) preceded the onset of song production by four days. The highest level of differential gene expression occurred at 14 days when song structure was most elaborate, and song activity was highest. The transcriptomes changed massively several times during the two-week of song production. A total of 9,710 genes were differentially expressed, corresponding to about 60% of the known protein-coding genes of the canary genome. Most (99%) of the differentially expressed genes were regulated only at specific stages. The differentially expressed genes were associated with diverse biological functions, of which cellular level occurring early and nervous system level occurring primarily after prolonged testosterone treatment. Thus, the development of adult songs requires restructuring the entire HVC, including most HVC cell types, rather than altering only neuronal subpopulations or cellular components. Parallel regulation directly by androgen and estrogen receptors and by other hub genes such as the transcription factor SP8, which are under steroidogenic control, lead to massive transcriptomic and neural changes in the specific behavior-controlling brain areas and gradual seasonal occurrence of singing behavior.</p>
Fig. 52. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011 in Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Wulipo National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, China
Fig. 52. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011, ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-23-01), left palp. A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view.
Fig. 54. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011. A–B in Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Wulipo National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, China
Fig. 54. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011. A–B. ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-23-01). C. ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-23-02). A, C. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view.
Fig. 53. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011 in Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Wulipo National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, China
Fig. 53. Walckenaeria asymmetrica Song & Li, 2011, ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-23-02). A–B. Epigyne, ventral view. C–D. Vulva, anterior view.
Sex differences in the song circuit and song acoustic complexity in male and female house wrens
<p>In this study, we compared neural song circuit morphology to singing behavior recorded in the field for 17 male and 18 female house wrens. The acoustic complexity of house wren songs was quantified using a recently published machine learning approach. This data set includes recordings of all house wren songs used in this analysis along with Raven selection tables defining the boundaries of each syllable. This includes 109 female songs. R code used to extract acoustic features and estimate element diversity and our proxy for song acoustic complexity are included. Summaries of acoustic variables for each song and each element are provided as well as files necessary to replicate the analysis. For each bird, we measured volume, cell number, cell density, and neuron soma size for three song circuits, Area X, HVC (used as a proper name), and the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA), and one control region, the nucleus rotundus (Rt). This data set includes these neural morphology measurements for each bird as well as R code used to (1) compare males and females for each neural measurement and (2) explore the relationship between acoustic complexity and neural morphology within each sex. </p>
Fig. 5 in Calling songs of sympatric and allopatric populations of Cicada barbara and C. orni (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) on the Iberian Peninsula
Fig. 5. Scores of the first two PCA components extracted from a data matrix, which was composed of 9 acoustic variables measured for 158 individuals of Cicada barbara (Cb) and C. orni (Co) occurring allopatrically (allop) and sympatrically (symp).
Fig. 2 in Calling songs of sympatric and allopatric populations of Cicada barbara and C. orni (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) on the Iberian Peninsula
Fig. 2. Oscillograms (amplitude vs. time) and sonagrams (frequency vs. time) of the calling songs of Cicada barbara and C. orni.
Fig. 4 in Calling songs of sympatric and allopatric populations of Cicada barbara and C. orni (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) on the Iberian Peninsula
Fig. 4. Scatterplots of the number of syllables per second relative to temperature in Cicada barbara and C. orni and of both echeme duration and inter-echeme interval relative to temperature in C. orni.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.