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907 results for “tadpoles.”
Fig. 11 in Larval Descriptions Of Some Poorly Known Tadpoles From Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura)
Fig. 11. Dorsal aspect of recent emergent of Rhacophorus tunkui (Stage 46).
Fig. 1. Hydroperiod, i.e in Tadpole assemblage in temporary ponds in southern Piauí, Brazil
Fig. 1. Hydroperiod, i.e. retraction of the body of water in the study sites.
Tadpoles feeding on Mammalian carcass (Little Indian field mouse)
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Figure 5 in Morphology and ecology of Microhyla rubra (Anura: Microhylidae) tadpoles from Sri Lanka
Figure 5. Profile of the whole bodY of the Microhyla rubra tadpole (Stage 35). Scale bar, 1 mm.
Figure 2 in Morphology and ecology of Microhyla rubra (Anura: Microhylidae) tadpoles from Sri Lanka
Figure 2. Outline of Microhyla rubra tadpoles showing the measurements that were taken.
Figure 2 in Predator-induced plasticity in tadpoles of Polypedates cruciger (Anura: Rhacophoridae)
Figure 2. The morphology of early tadpole stages: A, control; B, "open." Scale bar 1 mm.
Figure 7 in Morphology and ecology of Microhyla rubra (Anura: Microhylidae) tadpoles from Sri Lanka
Figure 7. Dorsal buccal morphology of a Microhyla rubra tadpole (Stage 35). Scale bar, 1 mm.
Figure 9 in Morphology and ecology of Microhyla rubra (Anura: Microhylidae) tadpoles from Sri Lanka
Figure 9. Newly emerged froglet of Microhyla rubra (SVL: 8.31mm.
Figure 6 in Morphology and ecology of Microhyla rubra (Anura: Microhylidae) tadpoles from Sri Lanka
Figure 6. Ventral buccal morphology of the Microhyla rubra tadpole (Stage 35). Scale bar, 1 mm.
Phylogenetic patterns of trait and trait plasticity evolution: Insights from tadpoles
<p>Environmental heterogeneity has led to widespread evolution of phenotypic plasticity in all taxonomic groups. Although phenotypic plasticity has been examined from multiple perspectives, few studies have examined evolutionary patterns of plasticity within a phylogeny. We conducted common-garden experiments on 20 species of tadpoles, spanning three families, exposed for 4 weeks to a control, predator cues, or reduced food (i.e., increased intraspecific competition). We quantified tadpole activity, growth, and relative morphology and found widespread differences in species responses to predator cues and reduced food. We detected pervasive phylogenetic signals in traits within each environment, but phylogenetic signal was much less common in the trait plasticities. Among different models of continuous character evolution, Brownian Motion and Ornstein Uhlenbeck models provided better fits to the data than the Early Burst model. Tadpole activity level in predator environments had much higher evolutionary rates than in the control and reduced-food environments; we did not see this pattern in the other traits. In comparing traits versus trait plasticities, activity evolved much faster than the plasticity of activity whereas morphological traits evolved much slower than morphological plasticities . Collectively, these results suggest that traits and trait plasticities can exhibit dramatically different evolutionary patterns.</p>
Figure 2 in The tadpole of an insular population of Cycloramphus boraceiensis Heyer, 1983 (Anura: Cycloramphidae) with a review of larval descriptions for species in the genus
Figure 2. External morphological features of a tadpole of Cycloramphus boraceiensis Stage 36 (Gosner, 1960). (A) Dorsal view, (B) Lateral view, (C) Ventral view, (D) close up of oral disc and jaw sheaths; note the smaller size of keratodonts on P3 row, (E) close up of midbody showing spiracle opening and lateral view of the flap, (F) close up of the posterior portion of the body showing the position of the vent opening (the brownish coloration s fecal matter) and the extension of the flap, (G) close up of left side of the head.
Figure 1 in The tadpole of an insular population of Cycloramphus boraceiensis Heyer, 1983 (Anura: Cycloramphidae) with a review of larval descriptions for species in the genus
Figure 1. The tadpole of Cycloramphus boraceiensis (USNM 217933), from Estação Biológica de Boracéia, São Paulo, Brazil. (A) Illustration of the lateral view as originally appeared in Heyer's (1983a) original description, (B) and (C) ventral view and (D) dorsal view of the photographed specimen used in the original description and Illustration presented in A. We highlighted the P3 row, which is made up by smaller keratodonts than the other rows, the spiracle, meniscus, and the bulge on the gill region, that together with the degree of development of the feet are indicative of a tadpole Stage 41 (Gosner, 1960).
FIG. 1 in The tadpole of Leptobrachium (Vibrissaphora) echinatum (Amphibia, Anura, Megophryidae)
FIG. 1. — Natural habitat of the tadpoles of Leptobrachium (Vibrissaphora) echinatum.
Survival and malformations, swimming performance and tadpole traits
<p>Targeted gene flow (TGF) could bolster the adaptive potential of isolated populations threatened by climate change, but could also lead to outbreeding depression. Here, we explore these possibilities by creating mixed- and within-population crosses in a terrestrial-breeding frog species threatened by a drying climate. We reared embryos on wet and dry soils and quantified fitness-related traits upon hatching. TGF produced mixed outcomes in hybrids which depended on crossing direction (origin of gametes from each sex). North-south crosses led to low embryonic survival if eggs were of a southern origin, and high malformation rates when eggs were from a northern population. Conversely, east-west crosses led to one instance of hybrid vigour, evident by increased fitness and desiccation tolerance of hybrid offspring relative to offspring produced from within-population crosses. These contrasting results highlight the need to experimentally evaluate the outcomes of TGF for focal species across generations prior to implementing management actions.<b> </b></p>
Data for: Uncertainty about old information results in differential predator memory in tadpoles
<p>As information ages, it may become less accurate, resulting in increased uncertainty for decision-makers. For example, chemical alarm cues are a source of public information about a nearby predator attack, and these cues can become spatially inaccurate through time. These cues can also degrade quickly under natural conditions, and cue receivers are sensitive to such degradation. Although numerous studies have documented predator-recognition learning from fresh alarm cues, no studies have explored learning from aged alarm cues and whether the uncertainty associated with this older information contributes to shortening the retention of learned responses (i.e., the 'memory window'). Here, we found that wood frog tadpoles, <em>Lithobates</em> <em>sylvaticus</em>, learned to recognize a novel odour as a predator when paired with alarm cues aged under natural conditions for up to one hour. However, only tadpoles conditioned with fresh alarm cues were found to retain this learned response when tested 9 days after conditioning. These results support the hypothesis that the memory window is shortened by the uncertainty associated with older information, preventing the long-term costs of a learned association that was based on potentially outdated information. </p>
Waste of Atta leaf-cutting ants provides nutriment for Leptodactylus rhodonotus tadpoles (Hymenoptera, Formicidae; Amphibia, Leptodactylidae)
<p>Video sequence obtained on 20 November 2019 in rainforest at 915 m a.s.l., Departamento Pasco, Peru, showing the edge of the ants' waste heap at a small roadside ditch, with leaf-cutting ants dropping waste crumbs into the running water and <em>Leptodactylus rhodonotus</em> tadpole feeding on ant waste.</p> <p>Reference to this video has been published in the following article:</p> <p><span>Köhler, J. & F. Glaw (2023): </span><span>Waste of <em>Atta</em> leaf-cutting ants provides nutriment for <em>Leptodactylus rhodonotus</em> tadpoles (Hymenoptera, Formicidae; Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Spixiana 46 (1): 20.</span></p> <p> </p>
One of these things is not like the other: mixed predator cues result in lopsided phenotypic responses in a Neotropical tadpole
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Data related to: Bottom-up effects of fungicides on tadpoles of the European common frog (Rana temporaria)
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Elevational and local climate variability predicts thermal breadth of mountain tropical tadpoles
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Thyroid hormone induces DNA demethylation in Xenopus tadpole brain
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