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opencc-by-4.0Feb 2014View details →

Fig. 3 in Community structure of termites in a hill dipterocarp forest of Belum- Temengor Forest Complex, Malaysia: emergence of pest species

Fig. 3. The different compositions of termite feeding groups in natural forest and disturbed forest areas within the Belum–Temengor Forest Complex.

Fig. 8 in Drywood termites in Dominican amber (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

Fig. 8: Photomicrograph of new specimen of Cryptotermes yamini KRISHNAKRISHNA & BACCHUS (DR-8-339).

Figs 6-7 in Drywood termites in Dominican amber (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

Figs 6-7: Photomicrographs of holotype imagoes for Dominican amber Cryptotermes. – 6 Detail of forewing venation of Cryptotermes glaesariusglaesarius sp. n. (AMNH, no acc. no.). – 7 C .. yamini KRISHNAKRISHNA & BACCHUS.

Figs 4- 5 in Drywood termites in Dominican amber (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

Figs 4- 5: Photomicrographs of holotype imagoes for Dominican amber Glyptotermes. – 4 Glyptotermes paleoliberatuspaleoliberatus sp. n. (DR-14-647). – 5 Glyptotermes grimaldiigrimaldii sp. n. (DR-10-1505).

Figs 1-3 in Drywood termites in Dominican amber (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

Figs 1-3: Photomicrographs of genera of Dominican amber Kalotermitidae (Isoptera). – 1 Holotype imago of Incisitermes peritusperitus sp. n. (DR-8-340). – 2 Holotype imago of Cryptotermes glaesariusglaesarius sp. n. (AMNH, no acc. no.). – 3 Holotype imago of Glyptotermes paleoliberatuspaleoliberatus sp. n. (DR-14-647).

Figure 9. Mapped and reconstructed soldier head shapes positioned across a Termitidae phylogeny. Nodes a–g in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 9. Mapped and reconstructed soldier head shapes positioned across a Termitidae phylogeny. Nodes a–g are referred to in the text.

Figure 10 in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 10. The EES axes and values of morphometric variation that support a revised soldier defence classification. a, Planicapritermes; b, Dihoplotermes; c, Cavitermes; d, Termes.

Figure 4 in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 4. Outline data treatment for eigenshape analysis. Original outline described by 300 x,y points: S, start point; F, finish point; LM, landmark point. Converted to 250 equally spaced x,y coordinate points of the open outline. x,y plot of the f points with a 99% tolerance criterion to retain the outline between LM, S and F points.

Figure 2. x,y in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 2. x,y coordinate outline data are converted to a series of f (angular deviation) data points, which have been plotted. The position of the geometric landmark for extended eigenshape analysis is labelled.

Figure 1 in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 1. The soldier termite mechanical defensive mechanisms described by Prestwich (1984). Reprinted with permission, from the Annual Review of Entomology, Volume 29 © 1984 by Annual Reviews http://www.annualreviews.org

Figure 5. Head capsule EES plots. A, axis 2 in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 5. Head capsule EES plots. A, axis 2 vs. axis 1. B, axis 2 vs. axis 3. C, modelled mode of dorsal head capsule shape change along axes 1, 2 and 3.

Figure 3 in Termite soldier defence strategies: a reassessment of Prestwich's classification and an examination of the evolution of defence morphology using extended eigenshape analyses of head morphology

Figure 3. Soldier head features independently analysed; straight lines represent the size measurements: dots, landmark points; S, start point; F, finish point.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Reproductives signature revealed by protein profiling and behavioral bioassays in termite

Proteins are known to be social interaction signals in many species in the animal kingdom. The aim of this project is to explore the potential role of cuticular polar compounds in reproductive recognition on termites. Cuticular polar fractions were extracted from reproductives and workers. These extracts were used for molecular profiling, top-down proteomics and tested in behavioral bioassays to measure behavioral response in termite.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Data and Source codes: Light alters activity but do not disturb tandem coordination of termite mating pairs

This repository provides access to the tracking data and analysis code used for the manuscript Light alters activity but does not disturb tandem coordination of termite mating pairs by Nobuaki Mizumoto and Thomas Bourguignon Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, Japan published in the Ecological Entomology.

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Finding shortcuts through collective tunnel excavation in a subterranean termite

Facilitating efficient resource transfer requires building an optimized transportation network that balances cost minimization with benefit maximization. For animals that forage for food located remotely, optimizing their transportation networks is critically related to survival. This process often involves finding and using the shortest route to save time and energy. Subterranean termites forage for wood resources by excavating underground foraging networks for search and transport. Because termites have no prior knowledge of food location during the food searching phase, establishment of a short tunnel between the nest and feeding site is difficult at the beginning of foraging. Thus, finding a short route should logically follow initial food discovery. However, it remains elusive as to how subterranean termites find the shortest route for food transportation. We simulated different scenarios using Coptotermes formosanus by providing different shapes and distances of pre-formed tunnels (straight, detour, and detour + twisting arenas) to food, where food items were located at a fixed distance from the arena entrance. Termites in the straight arena continuously used the pre-formed tunnel, showing negligible branching efforts. However, termites in the detour and detour + twisting arenas followed the pre-formed tunnel only for the initial few hours before excavating many branching tunnels. This branching activity ultimately resulted in termites finding shorter commuting routes than the pre-formed tunnels. In addition, the shortest established routes were widened over time. This study demonstrated that C. formosanus could actively alter tunnel networks to minimize the cost in food transportation by using short and wide tunnels.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Data for: Herbivores disrupt the flow of food resources to termites in dryland ecosystems

Irruption of herbivore populations due to the extirpation of predators has led to dramatic changes in ecosystem functioning worldwide. Herbivores compete with other species for their primary source of nutrition, plant biomass. Such competition is typically considered to occur between species in closely related clades and functional groups but could also occur with detritivores that consume senescent plant biomass. Here, we test predictions that herbivores' indirect impacts on dead vegetation increase with primary productivity and extend to termites which feed on senescent vegetation. We compared dead vegetation cover and termite activity in herbivore exclosures and associated grazed plots at 3 locations situated along a rainfall gradient in arid Australia where kangaroo populations have irrupted. Dead vegetation cover and termite activity increased with rainfall in ungrazed plots but showed a negligible response to rainfall in grazed plots. Our results suggest that grazing can disrupt the flow of energy to detritivores and decouple the relationship between termite activity and primary productivity. Such disruption could have far-reaching impacts on arid ecosystems because many organisms sit within "brown food webs" that are sustained by energy derived from decomposition of senescent plant-tissues.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Dataset and RScript - Effect of insecticide on termite alarm behavior

Dataset and RScript of the MS "How to perceive the insecticide? The Neotropical termite Nasutitermes corniger (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) triggers alert behavior after exposure to imidacloprid".

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Data from: Mitochondrial phylogenetics position a new Afrotropical termite species into its own subfamily, the Engelitermitinae (Blattodea: Termitidae)

While new species of termites are described every year, the description of species distant from every known termite species is rare. In this paper, we describe one such species, Engelitermes zambo sp. n., an African Termitidae belonging to an entirely new lineage of termites for which we create a new subfamily, Engelitermitinae subfam. n. The subfamily status of Engelitermitinae was supported by termite phylogenetic trees, including sequences from the four existing samples of E. zambo sp. n., which, albeit with low bootstrap supports, placed Engelitermes gen. n. on a long branch sister to Forficulitermes, the two of which formed the sister group of a clade comprising Cubitermitinae, Nasutitermitinae, Syntermitinae, and all other Termitinae. The sister relationship between Engelitermes gen. n. and Forficulitermes is further supported by the similar gut structure of their workers. In contrast, the soldiers of Engelitermes gen. n. resemble those of Cephalotermes. Our phylogenetic analyses, including all clades of Termitinae, call for a global taxonomic revision of Termitinae subfamily names. Finally, our study highlights that new unique termite lineages are still awaiting to be described.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Food quantity and the intensity of the alarm signal combine to modulate the resource selection in a termite species

Maximizing food intake while minimizing risk is an important trade-off in the foraging behavior of most animals. In general, foragers are vulnerable and the ability to trade off benefits (food quantity) against costs (risk of being killed) may provide a considerable ecological advantage. Despite the increasing number of studies, the effects of food quantity and mortality risk signals on resource selection in eusocial insect is not well understood. Here, we investigated the combination of distinct levels of food quantity and the intensity of alarm signal on resource selection of a Neotropical termite, Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Manipulative bioassays with binary and multiple choices were conducted over time to check the recruitment of termite groups among resources containing different levels of food quantity and alarm signals. Overall, our results showed that regardless of food quantity, termites avoid a food source if there is even a small amount of alarm signal. This work contributes to a better understanding of habitat use by termite species. Furthermore, it shows for the first time the combined effects of food quantity and alarm signals on the resource selection of an important ecological and economic termite species.