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FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 6. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: left anterior part of the shell in oblique posterolateral view showing the delimitation of marginals 2 and 3, and of plastral scutes by the indentation at the end of sulci border, and the ventral bulges of the scutes. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; 3d per, third peripheral. The arrows indicate ends of sulci at the border of the peripherals and anterior plastral lobe. Scale bar: 5 cm.

FIG. 9 in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 9. — Comparison of the decoration of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp. from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan, and Taphrosphys sulcatus (Leidy, 1856) from the early Paleocene of New Jersey (United States): A-D, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3: A, nuchal part; B, left peripherals 2, dorsal face with smaller polygons than in other parts; C, suprapygal-pygal part, dorsal views; D, imprint of an isolated plate, ventral view; E-G, Taphrosphys sulcatus: E, AMNH 1470, "Barnsboro, N.J." (Cope collections), nuchal border of three plates, dorsal view; F, G, AMNH 2522, «Tinton Falls, N.J.», syntype: F, peripheral 6 (medial plate of three in Leidy (1856: pl. 19, fig.4), and in Gaffney et al. (2006: fig. 20), dorsal view; G, xiphiplastron, ventral view. Scale bars: A-C, E-G, 5 cm; D, 2 cm.

FIG. 10 in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 10. — Fragmentary part of a carapace of an undetermined Bothremydidae, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, CPAG-RANKT-V4, Southern Pakistan: A, B, ventral and dorsal views; C, detail of the dorsal decoration. Abbreviations: cost3, costal 3; cost5, costal 5; pcs, suture of the peripheral border with the border of plastral processes; per 5-8, peripherals 5, 6, 7, 8; perf, pholad perforations. Scale bars: A, B, 4 cm; C, 1 cm.

FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 5. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, anterolateral part of the carapace after removal of a part of the costal 1 with part of the neural l and the costal 2, to show the imprints of the thoracic ribs 1 and 2, and axillary buttress, in dorsal view; B, same removed part in ventral view. Abbreviations: ax b, axillary buttress; cost 1, costal 1; n1, neural 1; nu, nuchal; per 2, peripheral 2; rib 1, rib 2, medial part of thoracic ribs 1 and 2. Scale bar: 4 cm.

FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 4. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell drawings, in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bars: 10 cm.

FIG. 1 in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 1. — Location and stratigraphic position of fossil material: A, location of the Laki Range in eastern Sindh Province, southern Pakistan, and simplified geological map of the Ranikot Fort area (adapted from Schelling 1999); B, stratigraphic position of the fossil assemblage within the Waddi Sawri section. Note that the base of this section is close to the base of the Khadro Formation; in this area the thickness of the Khadro Formation is c. 80 m, and the fossil locality K18-12 is in the lower Khadro Formation.

FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 3. — Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., holotype CPAG-RANKT-V-3, from the Paleocene of Ranikot, locality K18-12, Southern Pakistan: A, B, shell photographs in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar: 10 cm.

FIG. 2 in First report of a bothremydid turtle, Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., from the early Paleocene of Pakistan, systematic and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIG. 2. — Turtle shell, CPAG-RANKT-V-3, holotype of Sindhochelys ragei n. gen., n. sp., in situ, during and after excavation at the locality K18-12: A, carapace in posterior view; A1, close-up of a lateral border showing the presence of a venerid bivalve in life position inside the carapace; B, carapace in dorsal view after excavation and split into three blocks. Scale bar: 30 cm.

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Novel disease state model finds most juvenile green turtles develop and recover from fibropapillomatosis

<p>Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a sea turtle disease characterized by benign tumor development on skin, eyes, and/or internal organs. It primarily affects juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in coastal foraging sites. The Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida, USA, is a coastal green turtle foraging site where the observed FP annual rate averaged 49% between 1983 and 2018. FP is not a major cause of sea turtle mortality and most individuals fully recover; however, the overall dynamics of this disease are poorly understood because prior disease history is unknown for individuals without FP at capture time, and future disease outcome is unknown for individuals with FP at capture time. To better evaluate FP dynamics for green turtles in the IRL, we developed a hierarchical model for predicting disease state change. We used data from 4,149 captures of 3,700 individual green turtles captured in the IRL. The hierarchical disease state model contained two levels: level one modeled whether an individual would develop FP, and level two modeled disease state progression, including states for pre-FP affliction, active FP affliction, and full recovery from FP. From the hierarchical model, we estimated 99.8% (95% credibility intervals 99.1-100%) of juvenile green turtles in the IRL developed FP, indicating that nearly every individual in the IRL is affected by this disease. The model also suggested that turtles quickly developed FP upon recruitment to the IRL and then recovered at different rates, with most completely recovering before emigrating from the IRL as they mature. This is the first analysis of long-term sea turtle data suggesting nearly every turtle in an aggregation both develops and recovers from FP.</p>

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Data and scripts for: Green turtles highlight connectivity across a regional marine protected area network in West Africa

<p>Data derivates and analysis scripts (in R) used for the paper on analyzing green turtle MPA coverage and connectivity in West Africa.</p>

Figure 6 in A New Coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the Critically Endangered Central American River Turtle (Dermatemys Mawii) in Belize

Figure 6. Evolutionary relationships of Eimeria grayi n. sp. inferred by Bayesian analysis of partial 18S rRNA sequences. Posterior probabilities are shown at branch points. Toxoplasma gondii (EF472967) was selected as the outgroup. Eimeria grayi n. sp. is bolded and underlined.

Figure 3 in A New Coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the Critically Endangered Central American River Turtle (Dermatemys Mawii) in Belize

Figure 3. Light microscopic photomicrograph of sporulated oocyst of Eimeria grayi n. sp. Oocyst showing 2 of 3 surface projections (arrows) at 1 pole and a broader-based projection (arrowhead) from the opposite pole.

Figure 2 in A New Coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the Critically Endangered Central American River Turtle (Dermatemys Mawii) in Belize

Figure 2. Light microscopic photomicrograph of sporulated oocyst of Eimeria grayi n. sp. Oocyst showing 3 surface projections (arrows) at 1 pole.

Figure 1 in A New Coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the Critically Endangered Central American River Turtle (Dermatemys Mawii) in Belize

Figure 1. Central American River Turtle, Dermatemys mawii, cohort 2017 (UF:Herp: 191862), Belize Foundation for Research and Environmental Education (BFREE), Belize, Central America. Photographed on 3 March 2021. Color version available online.

Figure 4 in A New Coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the Critically Endangered Central American River Turtle (Dermatemys Mawii) in Belize

Figure 4. Light microscopic photomicrograph of sporulated oocyst of Eimeria grayi n. sp. Oocyst showing 2 of 3 surface projections (arrows) at 1 pole, a broader-based projection (arrowhead) from the opposite pole, as well as the location of the sporocyst residuum (SR).

FIGURE 7 in Differentiating convergent pathologies in turtle shells using computed tomographic scanning of modern and fossil bone

FIGURE 7. Location and geologic position of the Woodbine Group. A. General stratigraphic sequence and timescale for the Cretaceous of central and north central Texas showing the position of the Woodbine Group. Position of the AAS within the Woodbine is marked with an arrowhead. Terrestrial deposits represented by stippled intervals. Time scale based on Denne et al. (2016). Modified from Adams et al. (2011). B. Generalized map of geological units present as surface exposures in the Fort Worth basin with location of AAS shown. Modified after Strganac (2015) and Barnes et al. (1972).

FIGURE 4 in Differentiating convergent pathologies in turtle shells using computed tomographic scanning of modern and fossil bone

FIGURE 4. Modern Trachemys scripta plastron elements (UTK 2317) with shell disease. Photograph (A) and orthographic model based on µCT data (B) shown in ventral view. Frames on the photograph and model highlight specific areas of shell disease, shown on the right as both direct µCT data (C, E, G) and heatmapped slices illustrating bone density changes (D, F, H). In the heatmapped cross sections, colors range from purple (lowest density), to orange (medium density), to white (highest density). Patches of shell disease are indicated with purple arrows. Scale bars in A and B equal 5 cm. Scale bars in C, E, and G equal 5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Differentiating convergent pathologies in turtle shells using computed tomographic scanning of modern and fossil bone

FIGURE 2. Fossil turtle shell fragments (DMNH 2013-07-1319) with putative bite marks. Photographs (A, G) and orthographic models based on µCT data (B, H) shown in external view. Frames on the photograph and model highlight specific areas with bite marks as both direct µCT data (C, E, I) and heatmapped slices illustrating bone density changes (D, F, J). In the heatmapped cross sections, colors range from purple (lowest density), to orange (medium density), to white (highest density). Specific bite marks are indicated with purple arrows. Scale bars in A, B, G, and H equal 2 cm. Scale bars in C, E, and I equal 5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Differentiating convergent pathologies in turtle shells using computed tomographic scanning of modern and fossil bone

FIGURE 1. Modern Trachemys scripta shell (SAAF) with bite marks attributed to Mecistops cataphractus. Orthographic models of the shell, based on µCT data shown in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Frames on the models highlight specific bite marks, shown on the right as both direct µCT data (C, E, G) and heatmapped slices illustrating bone density changes (D, F, H). In the heatmapped cross sections, colors range from purple (lowest density), to orange (medium density), to white (highest density). Specific bite marks are indicated with purple arrows. Scale bars in A and B equal 5 cm. Scale bars in C, E, and G equal 5 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Differentiating convergent pathologies in turtle shells using computed tomographic scanning of modern and fossil bone

FIGURE 6. Fossil turtle shell fragment (DMNH 2013-07-0563) with putative shell disease.. Photograph (A) shown in external view. Frames on the photograph and highlight specific areas with shell disease as both direct µCT data (B, D) and heatmapped slices illustrating bone density changes (C, E). In the heatmapped cross sections, colors range from purple (lowest density), to orange (medium density), to white (highest density). Specific patches of shell disease are indicated with purple arrows. Scale bar in A equals 2 cm. Scale bars in B and D equal 5 mm.