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FIGURE 5 in Additional records of Elasmopus vachoni Mateus & Mateus, 1966 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Maeridae) from European waters (Tarifa, southern Spain)

FIGURE 5. Elasmopus vachoni Mateus and Mateus, 1966. Male, BL = 6.11 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-17482). A–C) dorsal view of left uropods 1–3; D) dorsal view of telson; E) outer view of left epimeral plates 1–3. Scale bars: A–D: 0.2 mm; E: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Additional records of Elasmopus vachoni Mateus & Mateus, 1966 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Maeridae) from European waters (Tarifa, southern Spain)

FIGURE 3. Elasmopus vachoni Mateus and Mateus, 1966. A–E: male, BL = 4.21 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-17483). A) left gnathopod 1, outer face; B) left gnathopod 1, propodus (in part) and dactylus, outer face; C) left gnathopod 2, outer face; D) left gnathopod 2, detail of shelf, outer face (setae not drawn, except robust setae); E) left gnathopod 2, propodus (in part) and dactylus, inner face. Scale bars: A, C: 0.2 mm; B, D, E: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Additional records of Elasmopus vachoni Mateus & Mateus, 1966 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Maeridae) from European waters (Tarifa, southern Spain)

FIGURE 1. Elasmopus vachoni Mateus and Mateus, 1966. A) Male, BL = 6.34 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-17481): habitus in lateral view. B) Male, BL = 6.11 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-17482): accessory flagellum. Scale bars: A: 1 mm; B: 0.2 mm

FIGURE 2 in Additional records of Elasmopus vachoni Mateus & Mateus, 1966 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Maeridae) from European waters (Tarifa, southern Spain)

FIGURE 2. Elasmopus vachoni Mateus and Mateus, 1966. A–D: male, BL = 6.11 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-17482); E–F: male, BL = 4.21 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-17483). A) left maxilla 1, anterior face; B) right maxilliped, anterior face; C) left mandible, anterior face; D) left maxilla 2, anterior face; E) lower lip, anterior face; F) upper lip, anterior face. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on water use by Cunninghamia lanceolate in a subtropical plantation

The deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) has substantially increased in subtropical regions due to human activities. However, the effects of long-term N addition on the water-use efficiency of subtropical forests are poorly understood. Here, we conducted an 11-year experiment in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolate plantation with four N-addition levels: N0, N1, N2, and N3 (equivalent to 0, 6, 12, and 24 g of N m-2 yr-1, respectively). A thermal dissipation probe system was used to calculate sap flow and plant biomass carbon was assessed by field investigation. The whole-plant water use and water-use efficiency were estimated. In addition, the δ13C of tree rings was used to indicate the plant intrinsic water-use efficiency. The results showed that N3 significantly increased the annual sap flow velocity, especially in summer and winter. Annual water use, plant growth, and water-use efficiency did not significantly differ among the N treatments, but water use tended to be higher in N3 than in N0. Furthermore, the reduction of δ13C between the pre-N treatment period and the post-N treatment period was 3.02%, 3.26%, 3.58%, and 5.28% for N0, N1, N2 and N3, respectively, which supported the inference that N addition could enhance water use. We conclude that long-term addition of high levels (but not of low levels) of N increased whole-plant water use in C. lanceolate plantations. Our results indicate that N deposition accompanied by high temperature and drought events may negatively affect water balance in subtropical forests.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Dataset for "Additive water uptake of the mixtures of urban atmospheric HULIS and ammonium sulfate, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."

The hygroscopicity of humic-like substances (HULIS) and their mixtures with ammonium sulfate in various proportions were investigated. The dataset in the Excel sheet contains measured hygroscopic growth factors and parameters derived from them, results of sensitivity analysis considering surfactants, and estimated proportions of multiply charged particles for Zhou et al. in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. The dataset is based on the work supported by JSPS KAKENHI JP19H04253, JP20F20397, and JP23H00515. Ruichen Zhou, Sonia Afsana, Chenran Wei, and Michihiro Mochida: Additive water uptake of the mixtures of urban atmospheric HULIS and ammonium sulfate, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Data: The effects of glucose addition and water table manipulation on peat quality of drained peatland forests with different management practices

The file contain data on peat chemical quality and peat decomposition. We studied how glucose addition, water table and forest harvesting affect the chemical composition of peat and decomposition rate (carbon dioxide fluxes) and soil water quality. Experiments and results are presented in: Aaltonen H., Zhu X., Khatun R., Laurén A., Palviainen M., Könönen M., Peltomaa E., Berninger F., Köster K., Ojala A., Pumpanen J. 2022. The effects of glucose addition and water table manipulation on peat quality of drained peatland forests with different management practices. Soil Science Society of America Journal 86:1625–1638. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20419">https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20419</a>

FIGURE 6. A, B in New additions to the shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the French Lesser Antilles: Martinique

FIGURE 6. A, B: Diphasia digitalis (Busk, 1852)―stem internode in frontal (left) and lateral (right) views (A); optical cross section through internode at level of hydrothecal apertures (B). C–G, J–M: Sertularella calderi sp. nov.―fragments of stem (C, D); hydrothecae (E) and aperture viewed from above (F); comparison of the hydrotheca (G) with those of S. fraseri Galea, 2010a (H) and S. peculiaris Leloup, 1974 (I); male (J) and female (K) gonothecae; apertures of male (L) and female (M) gonothecae viewed laterally (below) and apically (above). N–P: Sertularelloides cylindritheca (Allman, 1888)―internodes (N); lateral view of hydrotheca (O) with thickened internal ring of perisarc at base of apophysis (right), and frontal view of the latter (left); apical view of hydrotheca (P). Q–T: Thyroscyphus longicaulis Splettstösser, 1929―fragment of stem (Q); internode and hydrotheca (R); aperture (S); male (left) and female (right) gonothecae (T). U–Z: Hincksella formosa (Fewkes, 1881)―hydrotheca (U); gonotheca seen laterally (V), and in optical cross section (X); aperture (Y). Scale bars: 10 µm (Z), 200 µm (F, L, M), 300 µm (P), 500 µm (A, B, E, G–I, O, S, U, Y), 1 mm (C, D, J, K, N, R, T, V, X), 4 mm (Q).

FIGURE 8. A–H in New additions to the shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the French Lesser Antilles: Martinique

FIGURE 8. A–H: Halopteris tenella (Verrill, 1874)―stem internodes and cladia (A–C); hydrothecate internodes of the stem (D); hydrotheca (E); stem ahydrothecate segments showing varied number of nematothecae (F); male (G) and female (H) gonothecae. I–N: Aglaophenia postdentata Billard, 1913―stem internodes in specimens from Martinique (I) and Guadeloupe (J); cormidia in specimens from Martinique (K) and Guadeloupe (L); corbula (M); internode of corbulacosta showing the shape of the nematothecae (N). Scale bars: 100 µm (N), 200 µm (I–L), 300 µm (D–H), 500 µm (A–C, M).

FIGURE 4. A in New additions to the shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the French Lesser Antilles: Martinique

FIGURE 4. A: Hebella sp. 2―hydrothecae. B: Hebella sp. 3―hydrothecae. C: Hebella sp. 4―hydrothecae. D–J: Comparison of the cnidomes of Anthohebella communis (Calder, 1991) (D), Hebella dyssymetra Billard, 1933 (E), Hebella scandens (Bale, 1888) (F), Hebella sp. 1 (G), Hebella sp. 2 (H), Hebella sp. 3 (I), Hebella sp. 4 (J). K–Q: Halecium dichotomum Allman, 1888―various stems (K); male (L, M) and female (N, P) gonothecae; aperture of a female gonotheca in frontal view, showing twin hydrotheca (O); cnidome (Q). Scale bars: 10 µm (D–J, Q), 300 µm (K–P), 500 µm (C), 1 mm (A, B).

FIGURE 3. A, B in New additions to the shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the French Lesser Antilles: Martinique

FIGURE 3. A, B: Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767)―hydro- (A) and gonotheca (B). C, D: Clytia noliformis (McCrady, 1859)―hydro- (C) and gonotheca (D). E:?Gastroblasta sp.―hydrotheca. F, G: Orthopyxis sargassicola (Nutting, 1915)―hydro- (F) and gonotheca (G). H, I: Egmundella humilis Fraser, 1936―hydro- and nematothecae from samples M231 (H) and M007 (I). J–P: Relative sizes of the hydrothecae of the hebellids discussed in the text. J, Q, R: Anthohebella communis (Calder, 1991)―hydrothecae (J, Q) and gonotheca with medusoid gonophore (R). K, S, T: Hebella dyssymetra Billard, 1933―hydrothecae. L, U–Y: Hebella scandens (Bale, 1888)―hydrothecae (L, U); gonotheca seen laterally (V) and apically (X), showing the four-flapped operculum; gonophore (Y). M, Z: Hebella sp. 1―hydrotheca. N: Hebella sp. 2―hydrotheca. O: Hebella sp. 3―hydrotheca. P: Hebella sp. 4―hydrotheca. Scale bars: 200 µm (H, I, Z), 300 µm (A–E, S, T), 500 µm (Q, R, U– Y), 1 mm (F, G, J–P).

FIGURE 1 in New additions to the shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the French Lesser Antilles: Martinique

FIGURE 1. Map of Martinique [modified after Battistini (1978)] showing the location of hydroid sampling stations.

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Seasonal community stability increased with water addition and shrub removal but reduced with nitrogen addition in semi-arid grassland

1. Stability is a useful indicator of the functioning and sustainability of an ecosystem, and many studies have explored the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the inter-annual stability of plant communities. However, the effects of multiple anthropogenic stressors on seasonal community stability have not been clearly elucidated, especially for vulnerable semi-arid grasslands. 2. During the growing season in the 5th year of the experiment, we determined how nitrogen (N) addition, water addition, and shrub removal altered seasonal community stability in a semi-arid grassland dominated by the shrub Caragana microphylla on the Mongolian Plateau. 3. We found that shrub removal, N addition, and water addition had different effects on the stability of the community and plant functional groups (PFGs). Shrub removal increased seasonal community stability mostly via increases in the stability of perennial forbs and C4 plants, and shrub removal did not alter the effects of N addition or water addition on seasonal community stability or PFG stability. 4. N addition decreased seasonal community stability mostly via decreases in the stability of perennial rhizome grasses and C4 plants. Water addition increased seasonal community stability mostly via increases in the stability of annuals and biennials, perennial forbs, perennial rhizome grasses, dominant species, and C4 plants. Species asynchrony and PFG stability but not species richness or soil abiotic or biotic variables helped to maintain seasonal community stability under N addition or water addition. 5. Our findings indicate that future scenarios of increases in N deposition and shrub encroachment will strongly reduce community stability in drylands, and that future scenarios of increases in precipitation together with shrub removal might help to maintain the stability of this and other dryland ecosystems.

publicJan 2023View details →

Seasonal community stability increased with water addition and shrub removal but reduced with nitrogen addition in semi-arid grassland

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publicApr 2019View details →

Data from: Responses of growing‐season soil respiration to water and nitrogen addition as affected by grazing intensity

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publicFeb 2022View details →

Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on water use by Cunninghamia lanceolate in a subtropical plantation

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Fig. 6. Petraliella globulata n in Taxonomic study on bryozoans - new additions to the Korean fauna and new species of Petraliella from Seogwipo waters of Jeju Island

Fig. 6. Petraliella globulata n. sp. A. zooids. B. orifices. C. ovicells. D. basal surface. Scale bars: 100 μm (AD).

Fig. 7 in Taxonomic study on bryozoans - new additions to the Korean fauna and new species of Petraliella from Seogwipo waters of Jeju Island

Fig. 7. Mucropetraliella philippinensis (Canu and Bassler, 1929). A. zooids. B. orifice. C. ovicells. D. basal surface. Scale bars: 100 μm (AD).

Fig. 4. Canda pecten Thornely, 1907. A. zooids and avicularia. B. lateral walls. C. opesia and spines. D in Taxonomic study on bryozoans - new additions to the Korean fauna and new species of Petraliella from Seogwipo waters of Jeju Island

Fig. 4. Canda pecten Thornely, 1907. A. zooids and avicularia. B. lateral walls. C. opesia and spines. D. ovicells. Scale bars: 100 μm (AD).

Fig. 5. Margaretta tenuis Harmer, 1957. A. zooids. B. basis rami. C. ascopore. D in Taxonomic study on bryozoans - new additions to the Korean fauna and new species of Petraliella from Seogwipo waters of Jeju Island

Fig. 5. Margaretta tenuis Harmer, 1957. A. zooids. B. basis rami. C. ascopore. D. transverse section of zooids. Scale bars: 100 μm (AD).