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Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-06-17

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-06-17 (15:50:06.8860500Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 0.85 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011168CHM01, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:37:46Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-07-03

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-07-03 (15:50:00.8800560Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 17.92 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011184EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:37:30Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-07-19

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-07-19 (15:49:54.0880130Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 0.09 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011200EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:38:17Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-08-04

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-08-04 (15:49:44.0070750Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 4.56 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011216EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:39:16Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-08-20

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-08-20 (15:49:35.7460560Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 14.47 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011232EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:51:09Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-09-21

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-09-21 (15:49:11.9230500Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 40.01 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011264EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:45:23Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-10-07

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-10-07 (15:48:52.3570560Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 21.42 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011280EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:44:12Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-10-23

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-10-23 (15:48:45.2890440Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 38, path 17. Cloud cover was 0.48 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011296EDC00, LPGS_12.0.2, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-07-19T15:20:32Z.

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER collected on 2011-11-08

This LTER Remote Sensing spatial raster dataset consists of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper image data for Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER, on 2011-11-08 (15:48:27.2170560Z). Data were collected by Landsat 5, row 038, path 017. Cloud cover was 13.89 percent. These are reference data from the USGS EROS archive, not data generated by Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER. This product was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and contains Landsat data files in Geographic Tagged Image-File Format (GeoTIFF). NASA Landsat Program, 2009, Landsat TM LT50170382011312EDC00, LPGS_12.1.1, USGS, Sioux Falls, 2012-09-20T19:42:55Z.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Cumulative stressors reduce the self-regulating capacity of coastal ecosystems

Marine ecosystems are prone to tipping points, particularly in coastal zones where dramatic changes are associated with interactions between cumulative stressors (e.g. shellfish harvesting, eutrophication and sediment inputs) and ecosystem functions. A common feature of many degraded estuaries is elevated turbidity that reduces incident light to the seafloor, resulting from multiple factors including changes in sediment loading, sea-level rise and increased water column algal biomass. To determine whether cumulative effects of elevated turbidity may result in marked changes in the interactions between ecosystem components driving nutrient processing, we conducted a large-scale experiment manipulating sediment nitrogen concentrations in 15 estuaries across a national-scale gradient in incident light at the seafloor. We identified a threshold in incident light that was related to distinct changes in the ecosystem interaction networks (EIN) that drive nutrient processing. Above this threshold, network connectivity was high with clear mechanistic links to denitrification and the role of large shellfish in nitrogen processing. The EIN analyses revealed interacting stressors resulting in a decoupling of ecosystem processes in turbid estuaries with a lower capacity to denitrify and process nitrogen. This suggests that, as turbidity increases with sediment load, coastal areas can be more vulnerable to eutrophication. The identified interactions between light, nutrient processing and the abundance of large shellfish emphasizes the importance of actions that seek to manage multiple stressors and conserve or enhance shellfish abundance, rather than actions focusing on limiting a single stressor. This dataset contains the data used for the Ecological Applications publication "Cumulative stressors reduce the self-regulating capacity of coastal ecosystems". It contains two sheets, labelled as per the use in the manuscript.

opencc-zeroMar 2020View details →

Environmental DNA can act as a biodiversity barometer of anthropogenic pressures in coastal ecosystems

Loss of biodiversity from lower to upper trophic levels reduces overall productivity and stability of coastal ecosystems in our oceans, but rarely are these changes documented across both time and space. The characterisation of environmental DNA (eDNA) from sediment and seawater using metabarcoding offers a powerful molecular lens to observe marine biota and provides a series of 'snapshots' across a broad spectrum of eukaryotic organisms. Using these next-generation tools and downstream analytical innovations including machine learning sequence assignment algorithms and co-occurrence network analyses, we examined how anthropogenic pressures may have impacted marine biodiversity on subtropical coral reefs in Okinawa, Japan. Based on 18S ribosomal RNA, but not ITS2 sequence data due to inconsistent amplification across samples, as well as proxies for anthropogenic disturbance, we show that eukaryotic richness at the family level significantly increases with medium and high levels of disturbance. This change in richness coincides with compositional changes, a decrease in connectedness among taxa, an increase in fragmentation of taxon co-occurrence networks, and a shift in indicator taxa. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the ability of eDNA to act as a barometer of disturbance and provide an exemplar of how ecological functions, biotic networks, and coral reef resilience may be impacted by anthropogenic activities.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Twelve years of repeated wild hog activity promotes population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant in a coastal dune ecosystem

Invasive animals can facilitate the success of invasive plant populations through disturbance. We examined the relationship between the repeated foraging disturbance of an invasive animal and the population maintenance of an invasive plant in a coastal dune ecosystem. We hypothesized that feral wild hog (Sus scrofa) populations repeatedly utilized tubers of the clonal perennial, yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) as a food source and evaluated whether hog activity promoted the long-term maintenance of yellow nutsedge populations on St. Catherine's Island, Georgia, United States. Using generalized linear mixed models, we tested the effect of wild hog disturbance on permanent sites for yellow nutsedge culm density, tuber density, and percent cover of native plant species over a 12-year period. We found that disturbance plots had a higher number of culms and tubers and a lower percentage of native live plant cover than undisturbed control plots. Wild hogs redisturbed the disturbed plots approximately every 5 years. Our research provides demographic evidence that repeated foraging disturbances by an invasive animal promote the long-term population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant. Opportunistic facultative interactions such as we demonstrate in this study are likely to become more commonplace as greater numbers of introduced species are integrated into ecological communities around the world.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Heterogeneity of ecological patterns, processes and funding of marine manipulative field experiments conducted in Southeastern Pacific coastal ecosystems

Ecological manipulative experiments conducted in marine coastal ecosystems have substantially improved ecological theory during the last decades, and have provided useful knowledge for the management and conservation of coastal ecosystems. Although different studies report global trends in ecological patterns worldwide, Southeastern Pacific coastal ecosystems have been poorly considered. Given that the SE Pacific coast encompasses diverse coastal ecosystems, consideration of studies conducted along this range can shed light on the heterogeneity of processes regulating coastal communities. We reviewed the biotic interactions and habitat type considered, as well as the complexity in terms of spatial and temporal extent of manipulative field experimental studies conducted along the SE Pacific coast from 0°S to 56° S (Ecuador to Chile). We test the effect of funding reported by different studies as a main factor limiting experimental complexity. From field ecological studies published from 1970 to 2016, we found that 81 studies were truly manipulative, in which one or multiple factors were "manipulated". Around 77% of these studies were located between 21°S to 40°S, and conducted in intertidal rocky habitats. An increase in experimental studies was observed between 2010 and 2015, especially focused on herbivore-alga interactions, although we found that both the temporal and spatial extent of these studies have shown a decrease in recent decades. Funding grant amount reported had a positive effect on elapsed time of field experiments, but no effect was observed on spatial extent or in the biotic interactions considered. Elapsed time of experiments was different among the main biotic interactions considered i.e. herbivory, predation, and competition. We suggest that to further progress in applied ecological knowledge, it will be necessary to consider pollution and urbanization processes explicitly using a field experimental framework. This information could improve our understanding of how ecosystems present along the SE Pacific coast respond to climate change and increased levels of human interventions.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Data from: High spatiotemporal variability of methane concentrations challenges estimates of emissions across vegetated coastal ecosystems

<div> Coastal methane (CH4) emissions dominate the global ocean CH4 budget and can offset the "blue carbon" storage capacity of vegetated coastal ecosystems. However, current estimates lack systematic, high-resolution, and long-term data from these intrinsically heterogeneous environments, making coastal budgets sensitive to statistical assumptions and uncertainties. Using continuous CH4 concentrations, δ13C-CH4 values, and CH4 sea-air fluxes across four seasons in three globally pervasive coastal habitats, we show that the CH4 distribution is spatially patchy over meter-scales and highly variable in time. Areas with mixed vegetation, macroalgae, and their surrounding sediments exhibited a spatiotemporal variability of surface water CH4 concentrations ranging two orders of magnitude (i.e., 6 – 460 nM CH4) with habitat-specific seasonal and diurnal patterns. We observed (1) δ13C-CH4 signatures that revealed habitat-specific CH4 production and consumption pathways, (2) daily peak concentration events that could change >100% within hours across all habitats, and (3) a high thermal sensitivity of the CH4 distribution signified by apparent activation energies of ∼1 eV that drove seasonal changes. Bootstrapping simulations show that scaling the CH4 distribution from few samples involves large errors, and that ∼50 concentration samples per day are needed to resolve the scale and drivers of the natural variability and improve the certainty of flux calculations by up to 70%. Finally, we identify northern temperate coastal habitats with mixed vegetation and macroalgae as understudied but seasonally relevant atmospheric CH4 sources (i.e., releasing ≥100 μmol CH4 m−2 day−1 in summer). Due to the large spatial and temporal heterogeneity of coastal environments, high-resolution measurements will improve the reliability of CH4 estimates and confine the habitat-specific contribution to regional and global CH4 budgets. </div>

zenodo32/100

Supplementary material 2 from: Garcia Rodrigues J, Conides A, Rivero Rodriguez S, Raicevich S, Pita P, Kleisner K, Pita C, Lopes P, Alonso Roldán V, Ramos S, Klaoudatos D, Outeiro L, Armstrong C, Teneva L, Stefanski S, Böhnke-Henrichs A, Kruse M, Lillebø A, Bennett E, Belgrano A, Murillas A, Sousa Pinto I, Burkhard B, Villasante S (2017) Marine and Coastal Cultural Ecosystem Services: knowledge gaps and research priorities. One Ecosystem 2: e12290. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.2.e12290

Correspondence between our classification and labels for marine and coastal CES as found in the literature

opencc-by-4.0May 2017View details →

opencc-zeroDec 2010View details →

Data from: Environmental and biological controls on the diversity and ecology of Late Cretaceous through early Paleogene marine ecosystems in the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain

The late Mesozoic through early Cenozoic is an interval of significant biologic turnover and ecologic reorganization within marine assemblages, but the timing and causes of these changes remain poorly understood. Here, we quantify the pattern and timing of changes in the diversity (richness and evenness) and ecology of local (i.e., sample level) mollusk-dominated assemblages during this critical interval using field-collected and published datasets from the US Gulf Coastal Plain. We test whether the biologic and ecologic changes observed primarily at the global level during this time are also expressed at the local level, and whether the end Cretaceous (K/Pg) mass extinction and recovery moderated these trends. To explore whether environment had any effect on these patterns, we examine data from shallow subtidal and offshore settings. Assemblages from both settings recovered to pre-extinction diversity levels rapidly, in less than 7 million years. Following initial recovery, diversity remained relatively unchanged in both settings. The trajectory of ecological restructuring was distinct for each setting in the wake of the K/Pg extinction. In offshore assemblages, the abundance and number of predatory carnivorous taxa dramatically increased, and surficial sessile suspension feeders were replaced by more active suspension feeders. In contrast, shallow subtidal assemblages did not experience ecological reorganization following the K/Pg extinction. The distinct ecological patterns displayed in each environment follow onshore-offshore patterns of innovation, whereby evolutionary novelties first appear in onshore settings relative to offshore habitats. Increased predation pressure may explain the significant ecological restructuring of offshore assemblages, whereby the explosive radiation of predators drove changes in their prey. Habitat-specific ecological restructuring, and its occurrence solely during the recovery interval, implies that disturbance and incumbency were also key in mediating these ecological changes.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: A keystone mutualism underpins resilience of a coastal ecosystem to drought

Droughts are increasing in severity and frequency, yet the mechanisms that strengthen ecosystem resilience to this stress remain poorly understood. Here, we test whether positive interactions in the form of a mutualism between mussels and dominant cordgrass in salt marshes enhance ecosystem resistance to and recovery from drought. Surveys spanning 250 km of southeastern US coastline reveal spatially dispersed mussel mounds increased cordgrass survival during severe drought by 5- to 25-times. Surveys and mussel addition experiments indicate this positive effect of mussels on cordgrass was due to mounds enhancing water storage and reducing soil salinity stress. Observations and models then demonstrate that surviving cordgrass patches associated with mussels function as nuclei for vegetative re-growth and, despite covering only 0.1–12% of die-offs, markedly shorten marsh recovery periods. These results indicate that mutualisms, in supporting stress-resistant patches, can play a disproportionately large, keystone role in enhancing ecosystem resilience to climatic extremes.

opencc-zeroDec 2010View details →

Data from: Allee effects may slow the spread of parasites in a coastal marine ecosystem

Allee effects are thought to mediate the dynamics of population colonization, particularly for invasive species. However, Allee effects acting on parasites have rarely been considered in the analogous process of infectious disease establishment and spread. We studied the colonization of uninfected wild juvenile Pacific salmon populations by ectoparasitic salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) over four years. From a dataset of 67,896 fish, we observed 88 occurrences of pre-copular pair formation among 1258 pre-adult female and 611 adult male lice. The probability of pair formation was dependent on the local abundance of lice, but this mate limitation is likely offset somewhat by mate-searching dispersal of males among host fish. A mathematical model of macroparasite population dynamics that incorporates the empirical results suggests a high likelihood of a demographic Allee effect, which can cause the colonizing parasite populations to die out. These results may provide the first empirical evidence for Allee effects in a macroparasite. Furthermore, the data give a rare detailed view of Allee effects in colonization dynamics and suggest that Allee effects may dampen the spread of parasites in a coastal marine ecosystem.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Seasonally varying marine influences on the coastal ecosystem detected through molecular gut analysis

Terrestrial predators on marine shores benefit from the inflow of organisms and matter from the marine ecosystem, often causing very high predator densities and indirectly affecting the abundance of other prey species on shores. This indirect effect may be particularly strong if predators shift diets between seasons. We therefore quantified the seasonal variation in diet of two wolf spider species that dominate the shoreline predator community, using molecular gut content analyses with general primers to detect the full prey range. Across the season, spider diets changed, with predominantly terrestrial prey from May until July and predominantly marine prey (mainly chironomids) from August until October. This pattern coincided with a change in the spider age and size structure, and prey abundance data and resource selection analyses suggest that the higher consumption of chironomids during autumn is due to an ontogenetic diet shift rather than to variation in prey abundance. The analyses suggested that small dipterans with a weak flight capacity, such as Chironomidae, Sphaeroceridae, Scatopsidae and Ephydridae, were overrepresented in the gut of small juvenile spiders during autumn, whereas larger, more robust prey, such as Lepidoptera, Anthomyidae and Dolichopodidae, were overrepresented in the diet of adult spiders during spring. The effect of this inflow may be that the survival and growth of juvenile spiders is higher in areas with high chironomid abundances, leading to higher densities of adult spiders and higher predation rates on the terrestrial prey next spring.